{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7162310061","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2026.3696671","title":"A Provably Secure Multifactor Authentication and Key Exchange Protocol With Anonymity for Next-Generation IoT","display_name":"A Provably Secure Multifactor Authentication and Key Exchange Protocol With Anonymity for Next-Generation IoT","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7162310061","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2026.3696671"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2026.3696671","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2026.3696671","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078852484","display_name":"Awaneesh Kumar Yadav","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2924-0361"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56404289","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology BHU","ror":"https://ror.org/01kh5gc44","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56404289","https://openalex.org/I91357014"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91357014","display_name":"Banaras Hindu University","ror":"https://ror.org/04cdn2797","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91357014"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Awaneesh Kumar Yadav","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2924-0361","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56404289","https://openalex.org/I91357014"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136962615","display_name":"Ravi Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3664-7185"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154851008","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee","ror":"https://ror.org/00582g326","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154851008"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ravi Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IIT Roorkee), Roorkee, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3664-7185","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IIT Roorkee), Roorkee, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154851008"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136909518","display_name":"An Braeken","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9965-915X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","ror":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"An Braeken","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, INDI Technology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9965-915X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, INDI Technology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136944191","display_name":"Madhusanka Liyanage","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4786-030X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152463","display_name":"TE Laboratories (Ireland)","ror":"https://ror.org/05th81a29","country_code":"IE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152463"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Madhusanka Liyanage","raw_affiliation_strings":["Network Softwarization and Security Laboratories (NetsLab), School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4786-030X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Network Softwarization and Security Laboratories (NetsLab), School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152463"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64585326,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":null,"first_page":"5045","last_page":"5061"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11504","display_name":"Advanced Authentication Protocols Security","score":0.746399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11504","display_name":"Advanced Authentication Protocols Security","score":0.746399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.12080000340938568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10986","display_name":"RFID technology advancements","score":0.02019999921321869,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anonymity","display_name":"Anonymity","score":0.5957000255584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.5824999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-exchange","display_name":"Key exchange","score":0.5533999800682068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5303000211715698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.45840001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication-protocol","display_name":"Authentication protocol","score":0.4163999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authenticated-key-exchange","display_name":"Authenticated Key Exchange","score":0.3569999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8533999919891357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6568999886512756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178005623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q308859","display_name":"Anonymity","level":2,"score":0.5957000255584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.5824999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99674996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414155","display_name":"Key exchange","level":4,"score":0.5533999800682068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5303000211715698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5213000178337097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.45840001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21564112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825885","display_name":"Authentication protocol","level":3,"score":0.4163999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777572472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825878","display_name":"Authenticated Key Exchange","level":5,"score":0.3569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33884865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1254335","display_name":"Cryptographic protocol","level":3,"score":0.3544999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.34689998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.3433000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141492731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052621","display_name":"Message authentication code","level":3,"score":0.33219999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126266803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7074169","display_name":"Oakley protocol","level":5,"score":0.267300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144543869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2738570","display_name":"Mobile computing","level":2,"score":0.26249998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135530808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3306713","display_name":"Key-agreement protocol","level":5,"score":0.25600001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194699767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7878662","display_name":"Multi-factor authentication","level":4,"score":0.25360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17886624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1320561","display_name":"Key management","level":3,"score":0.25200000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.25049999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130881749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q586894","display_name":"Security association","level":5,"score":0.25049999356269836}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2026.3696671","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2026.3696671","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2893603412","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P4023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330412","funder_display_name":"Scheme for Promotion of Academic and Research Collaboration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6395568932","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ANRF/ECRG/2024/001438/ENS","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334771","funder_display_name":"Science and Engineering Research Board"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330412","display_name":"Scheme for Promotion of Academic and Research Collaboration","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334771","display_name":"Science and Engineering Research Board","ror":"https://ror.org/03ffdsr55"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,9,13,24,27,35,72,134,157,170,178,181],"rapid":[2],"surge":[3],"in":[4,147,184],"IoT":[5,10,19,47],"devices,":[6],"communication":[7,30,162],"between":[8],"devices":[11,20,48],"and":[12,52,68,101,112,122,145,151,167],"server":[14],"becomes":[15],"more":[16,113],"frequent.":[17],"Since":[18],"are":[21,173],"considered":[22],"at":[23],"edge":[25],"of":[26,120,141,180],"networks,":[28],"their":[29],"is":[31,57,87],"completely":[32],"exposed":[33],"to":[34,40,45,89,133,176],"server,":[36],"making":[37],"them":[38],"prone":[39,88],"several":[41],"attacks.":[42],"In":[43],"addition":[44],"this,":[46],"have":[49],"limited":[50],"energy":[51,152],"computational":[53],"resources.":[54],"Therefore,":[55],"there":[56],"an":[58,62,110],"impelling":[59],"necessity":[60],"for":[61,66,117],"authentication":[63,115],"mechanism":[64,116],"suitable":[65],"security":[67],"taking":[69],"into":[70],"account":[71],"resource":[73],"constraints.":[74],"This":[75],"paper":[76],"shows":[77],"that":[78,125],"a":[79],"recently":[80],"proposed":[81,137,182],"protocol":[82,127,138,158],"by":[83],"Daojing":[84],"et":[85],"al.":[86],"serious":[90],"attacks":[91],"such":[92],"as":[93],"stolen":[94],"device":[95],"attacks,":[96],"suffers":[97],"from":[98],"integrity":[99],"violations,":[100],"does":[102],"not":[103],"offer":[104],"perfect":[105],"forward":[106],"secrecy.":[107],"We":[108],"propose":[109],"alternative":[111],"secure":[114],"this":[118,126],"type":[119],"model":[121],"also":[123],"show":[124,177],"offers":[128],"better":[129],"performance":[130],"with":[131,169],"respect":[132],"state-of-the-art.":[135],"The":[136],"achieves":[139],"reductions":[140],"75%,":[142],"40%,":[143],"36%,":[144],"71%":[146],"computational,":[148],"communication,":[149],"storage,":[150],"consumption":[153],"costs,":[154],"respectively.":[155],"Additionally,":[156],"only":[159],"has":[160],"two":[161],"phases.":[163],"Furthermore,":[164],"prototype":[165],"implementation":[166],"simulation":[168],"NS3":[171],"tool":[172],"carried":[174],"out":[175],"applicability":[179],"work":[183],"real-time":[185],"scenarios.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-10T06:17:36.459440","created_date":"2026-05-26T00:00:00"}
