{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7125226535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2026.3656378","title":"An Optimal Matching Channel Selection Strategy Based on (K+1)-Layer 3-D CTMC for Suppressing Spectrum Fragmentation in 5G/B5G Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks","display_name":"An Optimal Matching Channel Selection Strategy Based on (K+1)-Layer 3-D CTMC for Suppressing Spectrum Fragmentation in 5G/B5G Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7125226535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2026.3656378"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2026.3656378","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2026.3656378","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Qian Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1477-3627"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22716506","display_name":"Lanzhou University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03panb555","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22716506"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qian Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1477-3627","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22716506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Suoping Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4149-0427"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22716506","display_name":"Lanzhou University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03panb555","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22716506"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76214153","display_name":"Lanzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mkqqe32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76214153"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suoping Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering and the School of Science, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4149-0427","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering and the School of Science, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22716506","https://openalex.org/I76214153"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123455963","display_name":"Jaafar Gaber","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37553959","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de technologie de belfort-montb\u00e9liard","ror":"https://ror.org/05bn3m307","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37553959"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaafar Gaber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer, Universit&#x00E9; de Technologie de Belfort-Montb&#x00E9;liard, Belfort, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4356-6760","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer, Universit&#x00E9; de Technologie de Belfort-Montb&#x00E9;liard, Belfort, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37553959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123517476","display_name":"Sa Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22716506","display_name":"Lanzhou University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03panb555","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22716506"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sa Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22716506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.06093729,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":null,"first_page":"2223","last_page":"2243"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.929099977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.929099977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11409","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Network Optimization","score":0.008799999952316284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.008100000210106373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.7940999865531921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5805000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-process","display_name":"Markov process","score":0.5206999778747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.4932999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/idle","display_name":"Idle","score":0.4708000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.46000000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.44519999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","score":0.4163999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.4077000021934509}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.817799985408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.7940999865531921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6601999998092651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5805000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.5206999778747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.4932999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16320812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1812200","display_name":"Idle","level":2,"score":0.4708000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.46000000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.44519999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94523657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.4163999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.4077000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191015642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132459","display_name":"Fragmentation (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4011000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557945733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389772","display_name":"Data transmission","level":2,"score":0.38999998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3587999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97744766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870845","display_name":"Channel capacity","level":3,"score":0.33219999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3237999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.3215000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147080032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176720","display_name":"Continuous-time Markov chain","level":5,"score":0.321399986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63029442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6504978","display_name":"Spectrum management","level":4,"score":0.31619998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.3156999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.29190000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.2888000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40842320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19423","display_name":"Buffer overflow","level":2,"score":0.27630001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.26840001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.2680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114237682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072483","display_name":"Channel allocation schemes","level":3,"score":0.26350000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187077762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5036976","display_name":"Capture effect","level":4,"score":0.2612000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193430537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665191","display_name":"Channel access method","level":3,"score":0.2605000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101722063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218825","display_name":"Random access","level":2,"score":0.2590999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.2542000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.25}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2026.3656378","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2026.3656378","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4124003052711487}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3502370189","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62467004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7902385013","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"25-225305","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987163984","https://openalex.org/W1994971216","https://openalex.org/W1996804776","https://openalex.org/W2034243131","https://openalex.org/W2036012016","https://openalex.org/W2054882958","https://openalex.org/W2066671134","https://openalex.org/W2104500388","https://openalex.org/W2108354979","https://openalex.org/W2113830242","https://openalex.org/W2117154485","https://openalex.org/W2118314698","https://openalex.org/W2122029172","https://openalex.org/W2146723212","https://openalex.org/W2160258732","https://openalex.org/W2794606573","https://openalex.org/W2995186087","https://openalex.org/W3042423058","https://openalex.org/W3081000514","https://openalex.org/W3083214461","https://openalex.org/W3099238914","https://openalex.org/W3112680140","https://openalex.org/W3154950559","https://openalex.org/W3166196622","https://openalex.org/W3169893578","https://openalex.org/W3188446790","https://openalex.org/W4292307644","https://openalex.org/W4299343067","https://openalex.org/W4306687100","https://openalex.org/W4388017706","https://openalex.org/W4389664955","https://openalex.org/W4399571976"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Dynamic":[0],"spectrum":[1,25,35,200,213],"access":[2,102],"(DSA)":[3],"is":[4,11,146],"one":[5],"of":[6,126,138,155,161,202],"the":[7,20,49,66,73,77,90,93,98,103,105,108,113,124,136,141,152,158,165,176,184,196,203,207],"pivotal":[8],"technologies":[9],"that":[10,195],"widely":[12],"recognized":[13],"to":[14,17,101,182],"be":[15],"able":[16],"cope":[18],"with":[19,61,72,92,123],"massive":[21,28],"demand":[22],"for":[23,112],"limited":[24],"resources":[26],"by":[27,221],"data":[29],"in":[30,39,132,140,206],"5G/B5G":[31,40],"networks.":[32],"To":[33],"address":[34],"fragmentation":[36,201],"and":[37,110,130,135,157,189,210,217],"sharing":[38,214],"cognitive":[41,69],"radio":[42],"ad":[43],"hoc":[44],"networks":[45],"(CRAHNs),":[46],"based":[47],"on":[48],"DSA":[50],"technique,":[51],"this":[52],"paper":[53],"proposes":[54],"an":[55],"optimal":[56],"matched":[57],"channel":[58,78,91],"selection":[59],"strategy":[60],"finite":[62],"buffer":[63,109,142],"(OMCS-FB).":[64],"In":[65],"OMCS-FB,":[67],"a":[68],"user":[70],"(CU)":[71],"transmission":[74,85,115],"request":[75],"selects":[76],"whose":[79],"idle":[80,95],"time":[81,86,208],"optimally":[82],"matches":[83],"its":[84],"rather":[87],"than":[88],"selecting":[89],"longest":[94],"time;":[96],"if":[97],"CU":[99,106],"fails":[100],"channel,":[104],"enters":[107],"waits":[111],"next":[114],"opportunity.":[116],"A":[117],"(K+1)-layer":[118],"continuous-time":[119],"Markov":[120],"chain":[121],"(CTMC)":[122],"number":[125,137],"primary":[127,133,162],"users":[128,156],"(PUs)":[129],"CUs":[131,139,216],"channels":[134,163],"as":[143,219],"3-D":[144],"metrics":[145],"established,":[147],"which":[148],"can":[149],"effectively":[150,198],"portray":[151],"activity":[153],"behavior":[154],"occupancy":[159],"states":[160],"under":[164],"OMCS-FB.":[166],"The":[167,192],"CTMC":[168],"rate":[169],"steady-state":[170,186],"equations":[171],"are":[172],"then":[173],"solved":[174],"using":[175],"successive":[177],"over-relaxation":[178],"(SOR)":[179],"iterative":[180],"algorithm":[181],"obtain":[183],"system":[185],"probability":[187],"distributions":[188],"performance":[190],"metrics.":[191],"results":[193],"show":[194],"OMCS-FB":[197],"suppresses":[199],"MAC":[204],"layer":[205],"dimension":[209],"enables":[211],"efficient":[212],"among":[215],"PUs,":[218],"verified":[220],"Monte":[222],"Carlo":[223],"simulation.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-02-09T05:59:30.833894","created_date":"2026-01-22T00:00:00"}
