{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7123341709","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2026.3651896","title":"Assurance and Conflict Detection in Intent-Based Networking: A Comprehensive Survey and Insights on Standards and Open-Source Tools","display_name":"Assurance and Conflict Detection in Intent-Based Networking: A Comprehensive Survey and Insights on Standards and Open-Source Tools","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7123341709","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2026.3651896"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2026.3651896","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2026.3651896","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2026.3651896","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122872658","display_name":"M. Gharbaoui","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162290304","display_name":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna","ror":"https://ror.org/025602r80","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Molka Gharbaoui","raw_affiliation_strings":["TeCIP Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5206-1946","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TeCIP Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032210048","display_name":"Filippo Sciarrone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9631-8528"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132817","display_name":"Mercatorum University","ror":"https://ror.org/03znjxt55","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132817"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Filippo Sciarrone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering and Sciences, Universitas Mercatorum, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9631-8528","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering and Sciences, Universitas Mercatorum, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132817"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Mattia Fontana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3251-052X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132817","display_name":"Mercatorum University","ror":"https://ror.org/03znjxt55","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132817"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mattia Fontana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering and Sciences, Universitas Mercatorum, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3251-052X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering and Sciences, Universitas Mercatorum, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132817"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107002265","display_name":"Piero Castoldi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162290304","display_name":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna","ror":"https://ror.org/025602r80","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Piero Castoldi","raw_affiliation_strings":["TeCIP Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4366-0730","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TeCIP Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083072051","display_name":"Barbara Martini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0413-591X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132817","display_name":"Mercatorum University","ror":"https://ror.org/03znjxt55","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132817"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barbara Martini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering and Sciences, Universitas Mercatorum, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0413-591X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering and Sciences, Universitas Mercatorum, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132817"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03956825,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":null,"first_page":"1891","last_page":"1912"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9524999856948853,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9524999856948853,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.010499999858438969,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10138","display_name":"Network Traffic and Congestion Control","score":0.004699999932199717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standardization","display_name":"Standardization","score":0.6977999806404114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position-paper","display_name":"Position paper","score":0.6215999722480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5697000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.49239999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-assurance","display_name":"Information assurance","score":0.4814000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-assurance","display_name":"Quality assurance","score":0.4291999936103821}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7192999720573425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188087704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369577","display_name":"Standardization","level":2,"score":0.6977999806404114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78780964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7233193","display_name":"Position paper","level":2,"score":0.6215999722480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5697000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.49239999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780795517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6030997","display_name":"Information assurance","level":3,"score":0.4814000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.43790000677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106436119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836575","display_name":"Quality assurance","level":3,"score":0.4291999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.4180000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.37279999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3714999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.32120001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985428793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334738","display_name":"International standardization","level":3,"score":0.28700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.2808000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.2750999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.2515000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.25110000371932983}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2026.3651896","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2026.3651896","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.iris.sssup.it:11382/585792","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11382/585792","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196376","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I162290304","host_organization_name":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2026.3651896","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2026.3651896","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":104,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2011316745","https://openalex.org/W2490927957","https://openalex.org/W2606790800","https://openalex.org/W2744598932","https://openalex.org/W2754368137","https://openalex.org/W2768945032","https://openalex.org/W2769168058","https://openalex.org/W2783873574","https://openalex.org/W2790163784","https://openalex.org/W2868330877","https://openalex.org/W2903091118","https://openalex.org/W2920736801","https://openalex.org/W2966974867","https://openalex.org/W2968168257","https://openalex.org/W2975444124","https://openalex.org/W2980765989","https://openalex.org/W2989078186","https://openalex.org/W2997290241","https://openalex.org/W3002683348","https://openalex.org/W3023842302","https://openalex.org/W3034530112","https://openalex.org/W3038272788","https://openalex.org/W3042577898","https://openalex.org/W3049155900","https://openalex.org/W3093677149","https://openalex.org/W3108095889","https://openalex.org/W3118615836","https://openalex.org/W3144496592","https://openalex.org/W3169055611","https://openalex.org/W3169504055","https://openalex.org/W3185236810","https://openalex.org/W3185720081","https://openalex.org/W3214744430","https://openalex.org/W3215108602","https://openalex.org/W4200249961","https://openalex.org/W4205640019","https://openalex.org/W4225747846","https://openalex.org/W4242543111","https://openalex.org/W4251300318","https://openalex.org/W4280558436","https://openalex.org/W4285059024","https://openalex.org/W4289655037","https://openalex.org/W4307043837","https://openalex.org/W4308246126","https://openalex.org/W4309158431","https://openalex.org/W4309729366","https://openalex.org/W4312924812","https://openalex.org/W4312980540","https://openalex.org/W4313307743","https://openalex.org/W4313531373","https://openalex.org/W4315629769","https://openalex.org/W4320015874","https://openalex.org/W4381162689","https://openalex.org/W4381734275","https://openalex.org/W4381744913","https://openalex.org/W4382935486","https://openalex.org/W4384157935","https://openalex.org/W4385656028","https://openalex.org/W4386361576","https://openalex.org/W4386494597","https://openalex.org/W4387251736","https://openalex.org/W4387623739","https://openalex.org/W4387831742","https://openalex.org/W4388427913","https://openalex.org/W4388821160","https://openalex.org/W4389077350","https://openalex.org/W4390187844","https://openalex.org/W4390693738","https://openalex.org/W4391406904","https://openalex.org/W4392101459","https://openalex.org/W4392410877","https://openalex.org/W4393863390","https://openalex.org/W4394712087","https://openalex.org/W4394712163","https://openalex.org/W4396616851","https://openalex.org/W4400072049","https://openalex.org/W4400233908","https://openalex.org/W4400234235","https://openalex.org/W4400489876","https://openalex.org/W4400727330","https://openalex.org/W4400811550","https://openalex.org/W4404035586","https://openalex.org/W4404102739","https://openalex.org/W4404102985","https://openalex.org/W4404602270","https://openalex.org/W4404788054","https://openalex.org/W4404953764","https://openalex.org/W4405522521","https://openalex.org/W4405718063","https://openalex.org/W4406311207","https://openalex.org/W4407784102","https://openalex.org/W4409156704","https://openalex.org/W4409761834","https://openalex.org/W4409796734","https://openalex.org/W4409917260","https://openalex.org/W4410118005","https://openalex.org/W4410278295","https://openalex.org/W4410325844","https://openalex.org/W4410342240","https://openalex.org/W4410359239","https://openalex.org/W4410491854","https://openalex.org/W4410852353","https://openalex.org/W4412446034","https://openalex.org/W4413268557"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Intent-Based":[0],"Networking":[1],"(IBN)":[2],"enables":[3],"operators":[4],"to":[5,75,110],"specify":[6],"high-level":[7],"outcomes":[8],"while":[9],"the":[10,59,85,105],"system":[11],"translates":[12],"these":[13],"intents":[14],"into":[15],"concrete":[16],"policies":[17],"and":[18,27,35,41,52,65,91,119,136,138],"configurations.":[19],"As":[20],"IBN":[21,124,150],"deployments":[22],"grow":[23],"in":[24,56],"scale,":[25],"heterogeneity":[26],"dynamicity,":[28],"ensuring":[29],"continuous":[30],"alignment":[31],"between":[32],"network":[33],"behavior":[34],"user":[36],"objectives":[37],"becomes":[38],"both":[39],"essential":[40],"increasingly":[42],"difficult.":[43],"This":[44],"paper":[45],"provides":[46],"a":[47,140],"technical":[48],"survey":[49,72],"of":[50,61,87,149],"assurance":[51,82],"conflict":[53,101],"detection":[54,102],"techniques":[55],"IBN,":[57],"with":[58,73],"goal":[60],"improving":[62],"reliability,":[63],"robustness,":[64],"policy":[66],"compliance.":[67],"We":[68,78,98],"first":[69],"position":[70],"our":[71],"respect":[74],"existing":[76],"work.":[77],"then":[79],"review":[80],"current":[81],"mechanisms,":[83],"including":[84],"use":[86],"AI,":[88],"machine":[89],"learning,":[90],"real-time":[92],"monitoring":[93],"for":[94,142],"validating":[95],"intent":[96,106],"fulfillment.":[97],"also":[99],"examine":[100],"methods":[103],"across":[104],"lifecycle,":[107],"from":[108],"capture":[109],"implementation.":[111],"In":[112],"addition,":[113],"we":[114,127],"outline":[115],"relevant":[116],"standardization":[117],"efforts":[118],"open-source":[120],"tools":[121],"that":[122],"support":[123],"adoption.":[125],"Finally,":[126],"discuss":[128],"key":[129],"challenges,":[130],"such":[131],"as":[132],"AI/ML":[133],"integration,":[134],"generalization,":[135],"scalability,":[137],"present":[139],"roadmap":[141],"future":[143],"research":[144],"aimed":[145],"at":[146],"strengthening":[147],"robustness":[148],"frameworks.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2026-01-14T00:00:00"}