{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7118178815","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2025.3650612","title":"Enhancing the Delegated Proof of Stake Consensus Mechanism for Secure and Efficient Data Storage in the Industrial Internet of Things","display_name":"Enhancing the Delegated Proof of Stake Consensus Mechanism for Secure and Efficient Data Storage in the Industrial Internet of Things","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7118178815","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2025.3650612"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2025.3650612","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2025.3650612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/128034/1/Enhancing%20the%20Delegated%20Proof%20of%20Stake%20Consensus%20Mechanism%20for%20Secure%20and%20Efficient%20Data%20Storage%20in%20the%20Industrial%20Internet%20of%20Things.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101536451","display_name":"Wencheng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3487-6042"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wencheng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3487-6042","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100384826","display_name":"Jun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9013-3071"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149102","display_name":"Sanya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04fa2qd52","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149102"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","Sanya Institute of Hunan University of Science & Technology, Sanya, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sanya Institute of Hunan University of Science & Technology, Sanya, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149102"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121945695","display_name":"Jeng-Shyang Pan","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeng-Shyang Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3128-9025","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002654622","display_name":"R. Simon Sherratt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7899-4445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71052956","display_name":"University of Reading","ror":"https://ror.org/05v62cm79","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Simon Sherratt","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Reading, Reading, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7899-4445","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Reading, Reading, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121920871","display_name":"Jin Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149102","display_name":"Sanya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04fa2qd52","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149102"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","Sanya Institute of Hunan University of Science & Technology, Sanya, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5473-8738","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sanya Institute of Hunan University of Science & Technology, Sanya, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149102"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00966479,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":null,"first_page":"1842","last_page":"1862"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9146999716758728,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9146999716758728,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.011099999770522118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.010300000198185444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4790000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incentive","display_name":"Incentive","score":0.4702000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reputation","display_name":"Reputation","score":0.46070000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.43849998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trust-management","display_name":"Trust management (information system)","score":0.4124999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.4041999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-contract","display_name":"Smart contract","score":0.3937999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-transaction","display_name":"Database transaction","score":0.39160001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.36410000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-internet","display_name":"Industrial Internet","score":0.3617999851703644}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.557200014591217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4790000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.4702000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48798503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877546","display_name":"Reputation","level":2,"score":0.46070000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.43849998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776384856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17145767","display_name":"Trust management (information system)","level":2,"score":0.4124999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4041999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779950589","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7544035","display_name":"Smart contract","level":3,"score":0.3937999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.39160001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3871000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.36410000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202839342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60740481","display_name":"Industrial Internet","level":3,"score":0.3617999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.35670000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.3465000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.34279999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779965156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227350","display_name":"Data sharing","level":3,"score":0.34130001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520049643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189760","display_name":"Voting","level":3,"score":0.33959999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.33640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.32910001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781218421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2892532","display_name":"Reputation system","level":3,"score":0.31929999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.30649998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.2973000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124978682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1201019","display_name":"Proof of concept","level":2,"score":0.2955999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.28839999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.28209999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.27300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776831232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q966812","display_name":"Trusted Computing","level":2,"score":0.2718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139089976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142273","display_name":"Trusted third party","level":2,"score":0.2696000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.25920000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123436394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7249984","display_name":"Proof-of-work system","level":3,"score":0.25690001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86532276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184065","display_name":"Delegation","level":2,"score":0.250900000333786}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2025.3650612","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2025.3650612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:centaur.reading.ac.uk:128034","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/view/creators/90000807.html>","pdf_url":"https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/128034/1/Enhancing%20the%20Delegated%20Proof%20of%20Stake%20Consensus%20Mechanism%20for%20Secure%20and%20Efficient%20Data%20Storage%20in%20the%20Industrial%20Internet%20of%20Things.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402273","display_name":"CentAUR (University of Reading)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71052956","host_organization_name":"University of Reading","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:centaur.reading.ac.uk:128034","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/view/creators/90000807.html>","pdf_url":"https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/128034/1/Enhancing%20the%20Delegated%20Proof%20of%20Stake%20Consensus%20Mechanism%20for%20Secure%20and%20Efficient%20Data%20Storage%20in%20the%20Industrial%20Internet%20of%20Things.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402273","display_name":"CentAUR (University of Reading)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71052956","host_organization_name":"University of Reading","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4636010527610779,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1171972333","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U25A20426","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1382055844","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"6247314","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7118178815.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7118178815.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2980754448","https://openalex.org/W2989774069","https://openalex.org/W3126830318","https://openalex.org/W3204063555","https://openalex.org/W3208807485","https://openalex.org/W4200526850","https://openalex.org/W4226209867","https://openalex.org/W4285171609","https://openalex.org/W4285821462","https://openalex.org/W4295832118","https://openalex.org/W4300313954","https://openalex.org/W4313420750","https://openalex.org/W4318718509","https://openalex.org/W4321108605","https://openalex.org/W4323338468","https://openalex.org/W4378472301","https://openalex.org/W4381304854","https://openalex.org/W4386025745","https://openalex.org/W4387415290","https://openalex.org/W4387789932","https://openalex.org/W4388145616","https://openalex.org/W4389274174","https://openalex.org/W4391791607","https://openalex.org/W4392901572","https://openalex.org/W4396622333","https://openalex.org/W4396817295","https://openalex.org/W4401167359","https://openalex.org/W4403210646"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,116],"rapid":[1],"advancement":[2],"of":[3,10,14,29,59,87,176,208],"Industry":[4],"5.0":[5],"has":[6],"accelerated":[7],"the":[8,11,27,56,84,121,135,152,159,174,183,197,202],"adoption":[9],"Industrial":[12],"Internet":[13],"Things":[15],"(IIoT).":[16],"However,":[17],"challenges":[18],"such":[19],"as":[20,151],"data":[21,50,210],"privacy":[22],"breaches,":[23],"malicious":[24,76,92,114],"attacks,":[25],"and":[26,37,53,78,95,103,112,146,188,205],"absence":[28],"trustworthy":[30],"mechanisms":[31],"continue":[32],"to":[33,81,108,165,185],"hinder":[34],"its":[35],"secure":[36],"efficient":[38],"operation.":[39],"To":[40],"overcome":[41],"these":[42],"issues,":[43],"this":[44],"paper":[45],"proposes":[46],"an":[47],"enhanced":[48],"blockchain-based":[49],"storage":[51,211],"framework":[52],"systematically":[54],"improves":[55,201],"Delegated":[57],"Proof":[58],"Stake":[60],"(DPoS)":[61],"consensus":[62,144],"mechanism.":[63],"A":[64],"four-party":[65],"evolutionary":[66],"game":[67],"model":[68],"is":[69,179],"developed,":[70],"involving":[71],"agent":[72],"nodes,":[73,75,77,80],"voting":[74],"supervisory":[79],"comprehensively":[82],"analyze":[83],"dynamic":[85,206],"effects":[86],"key":[88],"factors\u2014including":[89],"bribery":[90],"intensity,":[91],"costs,":[93],"supervision,":[94],"reputation":[96],"mechanisms\u2014on":[97],"system":[98,136,184],"stability.":[99],"Furthermore,":[100],"novel":[101],"incentive":[102],"punishment":[104],"strategies":[105],"are":[106],"introduced":[107],"foster":[109],"node":[110],"collaboration":[111],"suppress":[113],"behaviors.":[115],"simulation":[117],"results":[118,194],"show":[119],"that":[120,196],"improved":[122],"DPoS":[123],"mechanism":[124,199],"achieves":[125],"significant":[126],"enhancements":[127],"across":[128],"multiple":[129],"performance":[130],"dimensions.":[131],"Under":[132],"high-load":[133],"conditions,":[134],"increases":[137],"transaction":[138],"throughput":[139],"by":[140],"approximately":[141],"5%,":[142],"reduces":[143],"latency,":[145],"maintains":[147],"stable":[148,189],"operation":[149,218],"even":[150],"network":[153],"scale":[154],"expands.":[155],"In":[156,172],"adversarial":[157],"scenarios,":[158],"double-spending":[160],"attack":[161],"success":[162],"rate":[163],"decreases":[164],"about":[166],"2.6%,":[167],"indicating":[168],"strengthened":[169],"security":[170],"resilience.":[171],"addition,":[173],"convergence":[175],"strategy":[177],"evolution":[178],"notably":[180],"accelerated,":[181],"enabling":[182],"reach":[186],"cooperative":[187],"states":[190],"more":[191],"efficiently.":[192],"These":[193],"demonstrate":[195],"proposed":[198],"effectively":[200],"efficiency,":[203],"security,":[204],"stability":[207],"IIoT":[209],"systems,":[212],"providing":[213],"strong":[214],"support":[215],"for":[216],"reliable":[217],"in":[219],"complex":[220],"industrial":[221],"environments.":[222]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-29T07:29:34.045763","created_date":"2026-01-05T00:00:00"}