{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415971084","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2025.3630045","title":"A Multi-Objective Framework for Power-Aware Scheduling in Kubernetes","display_name":"A Multi-Objective Framework for Power-Aware Scheduling in Kubernetes","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415971084","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2025.3630045"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2025.3630045","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2025.3630045","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://depot-e.uqtr.ca/id/eprint/12494/1/BAGAA_M_173_POST.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119739767","display_name":"Mohammed Dhiya Eddine Gouaouri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3298-8723"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63341726","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res","ror":"https://ror.org/02xrw9r68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Dhiya Eddine Gouaouri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Universit&#x00E9; du Qu&#x00E9;bec &#x00E0; Trois-Rivi&#x00E8;res, Trois-Rivi&#x00E8;res, QC, Canada","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Universit&#x00E9; du Qu&#x00E9;bec &#x00E1; Trois-Rivi&#x00E9;res, Trois-Rivi&#x00E9;res, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3298-8723","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Universit&#x00E9; du Qu&#x00E9;bec &#x00E0; Trois-Rivi&#x00E8;res, Trois-Rivi&#x00E8;res, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Universit&#x00E9; du Qu&#x00E9;bec &#x00E1; Trois-Rivi&#x00E9;res, Trois-Rivi&#x00E9;res, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060578678","display_name":"Sihem Ouahouah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3944-773X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sihem Ouahouah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communications and Networking, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3944-773X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communications and Networking, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002075376","display_name":"Miloud Bagaa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5280-3276"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63341726","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res","ror":"https://ror.org/02xrw9r68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miloud Bagaa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Universit&#x00E9; du Qu&#x00E9;bec &#x00E0; Trois-Rivi&#x00E8;res, Trois-Rivi&#x00E8;res, QC, Canada","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Universit&#x00E9; du Qu&#x00E9;bec &#x00E1; Trois-Rivi&#x00E9;res, Trois-Rivi&#x00E9;res, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5280-3276","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Universit&#x00E9; du Qu&#x00E9;bec &#x00E0; Trois-Rivi&#x00E8;res, Trois-Rivi&#x00E8;res, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Universit&#x00E9; du Qu&#x00E9;bec &#x00E1; Trois-Rivi&#x00E9;res, Trois-Rivi&#x00E9;res, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000403420","display_name":"Messaoud Ahmed Ouameur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1095-8012"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63341726","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res","ror":"https://ror.org/02xrw9r68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Messaoud Ahmed Ouameur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Universit&#x00E9; du Qu&#x00E9;bec &#x00E0; Trois-Rivi&#x00E8;res, Trois-Rivi&#x00E8;res, QC, Canada","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Universit&#x00E9; du Qu&#x00E9;bec &#x00E1; Trois-Rivi&#x00E9;res, Trois-Rivi&#x00E9;res, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1095-8012","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Universit&#x00E9; du Qu&#x00E9;bec &#x00E0; Trois-Rivi&#x00E8;res, Trois-Rivi&#x00E8;res, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Universit&#x00E9; du Qu&#x00E9;bec &#x00E1; Trois-Rivi&#x00E9;res, Trois-Rivi&#x00E9;res, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073729502","display_name":"Adlen Ksentini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0972-3091"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1902872","display_name":"EURECOM","ror":"https://ror.org/00sse7z02","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1902872","https://openalex.org/I205703379"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adlen Ksentini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communication Systems Department, EURECOM, Campus SophiaTech, Biot, France","EURECOM, Campus SophiaTech, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0972-3091","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communication Systems Department, EURECOM, Campus SophiaTech, Biot, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1902872"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"EURECOM, Campus SophiaTech, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1902872"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.40863004,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":null,"first_page":"28","last_page":"46"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.8022000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.8022000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.06909999996423721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14347","display_name":"Big Data and Digital Economy","score":0.037300001829862595,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6154999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload","display_name":"Workload","score":0.6018999814987183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5976999998092651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.5439000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-priority-scheduling","display_name":"Dynamic priority scheduling","score":0.4334999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.39579999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fair-share-scheduling","display_name":"Fair-share scheduling","score":0.37630000710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-optimization","display_name":"Power optimization","score":0.3555999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/load-balancing","display_name":"Load balancing (electrical power)","score":0.353300005197525}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8687999844551086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.6852999925613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6154999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.6018999814987183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5976999998092651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.5439000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107568181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5319000","display_name":"Dynamic priority scheduling","level":3,"score":0.4334999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.39579999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31689143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q733809","display_name":"Fair-share scheduling","level":3,"score":0.37630000710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168292644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10860336","display_name":"Power optimization","level":4,"score":0.3555999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138959212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806783","display_name":"Load balancing (electrical power)","level":3,"score":0.353300005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68781425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2052203","display_name":"Multi-objective optimization","level":2,"score":0.328900009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779370713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357554","display_name":"Load management","level":2,"score":0.3199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55416958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6206757","display_name":"Job shop scheduling","level":3,"score":0.30660000443458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45872418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5318966","display_name":"Dynamic demand","level":3,"score":0.30309998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.296099990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49154492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5300","display_name":"Central processing unit","level":2,"score":0.2946000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.2935999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.2858999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781011336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1465133","display_name":"Time limit","level":2,"score":0.2831000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127456818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q238879","display_name":"Rate-monotonic scheduling","level":4,"score":0.272599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119948110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7858726","display_name":"Two-level scheduling","level":4,"score":0.25999999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122141398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5456330","display_name":"Fixed-priority pre-emptive scheduling","level":5,"score":0.25870001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175893541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196582","display_name":"Round-robin scheduling","level":4,"score":0.2556999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34165917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188267","display_name":"Programming paradigm","level":2,"score":0.25220000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111873713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1641413","display_name":"Job scheduler","level":3,"score":0.25209999084472656}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2025.3630045","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2025.3630045","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:depot-e.uqtr.ca:12494","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2025.3630045>","pdf_url":"https://depot-e.uqtr.ca/id/eprint/12494/1/BAGAA_M_173_POST.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400388","display_name":"Le d\u00e9p\u00f4t institutionnel (Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63341726","host_organization_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:fr.eurecom:8498","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196942","display_name":"Graduate School and Research Center in Digital Science (EURECOM)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1902872","host_organization_name":"EURECOM","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1902872"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management, 6 November 2025","raw_type":"Journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:depot-e.uqtr.ca:12494","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2025.3630045>","pdf_url":"https://depot-e.uqtr.ca/id/eprint/12494/1/BAGAA_M_173_POST.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400388","display_name":"Le d\u00e9p\u00f4t institutionnel (Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63341726","host_organization_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415971084.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415971084.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Efficient":[0],"workload":[1],"scheduling":[2,52,110],"in":[3,14,37,157,166],"Kubernetes":[4,21,56,122,199],"is":[5,185],"crucial":[6],"for":[7,54,200],"optimizing":[8],"energy":[9,39],"consumption":[10,91,159],"and":[11,16,66,95,116,124,160,164,168,194],"resource":[12,64],"utilization":[13],"large-scale":[15],"heterogeneous":[17],"clusters.":[18],"However,":[19],"existing":[20],"schedulers":[22],"either":[23],"ignore":[24],"power-awareness":[25],"or":[26],"rely":[27],"on":[28],"simplified,":[29],"static":[30],"power":[31,62,86,158,192],"models,":[32],"which":[33],"limit":[34],"their":[35],"effectiveness":[36],"managing":[38],"efficiency":[40],"under":[41,92,175],"dynamic":[42],"workloads.":[43,177],"To":[44,178],"address":[45],"these":[46,101],"shortcomings,":[47],"we":[48],"present":[49],"a":[50,72,76,81,104,127,154],"multi-objective":[51,105,196],"framework":[53,70,149],"online":[55,98],"pod":[57,202],"placement":[58],"that":[59,134,146],"jointly":[60],"considers":[61],"consumption,":[63],"utilization,":[65,170],"load":[67],"balancing.":[68],"The":[69],"follows":[71],"two-stage":[73],"design:":[74],"(i)":[75],"node":[77],"power\u2013profiling":[78],"component":[79],"trains":[80],"machine\u2013learning":[82],"model":[83],"from":[84],"real":[85],"measurements":[87],"to":[88,120,189],"predict":[89],"per-node":[90],"varying":[93],"utilizations;":[94],"(ii)":[96],"an":[97],"scheduler":[99],"uses":[100],"predictions":[102],"within":[103],"optimization":[106,111,197],"formulation.":[107],"We":[108],"implement":[109],"using":[112],"two":[113],"algorithms,":[114],"TOPSIS":[115],"NSGA-II,":[117],"adapting":[118],"them":[119],"the":[121,131,147,179,186],"context,":[123],"also":[125],"propose":[126],"distributed":[128,195],"variant":[129],"of":[130,162,181],"NSGA-II":[132],"algorithm":[133],"parallelizes":[135],"fitness":[136],"evaluation":[137],"with":[138],"controlled":[139],"migration":[140],"between":[141],"workers.":[142],"Experimental":[143],"results":[144],"show":[145],"proposed":[148],"outperforms":[150],"baseline":[151],"schedulers,":[152],"achieving":[153],"40%":[155],"reduction":[156],"improvements":[161],"74%":[163],"68%":[165],"CPU":[167],"memory":[169],"respectively,":[171],"while":[172],"sustaining":[173],"scalability":[174],"high":[176],"best":[180],"our":[182],"knowledge,":[183],"this":[184],"first":[187],"work":[188],"integrate":[190],"learned":[191],"models":[193],"into":[198],"power-aware":[201],"scheduling.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-26T07:47:46.906454","created_date":"2025-11-06T00:00:00"}
