{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413073822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2025.3589936","title":"Availability and Cost Analysis of Network-Attack-Resilient Byzantine Fault Tolerant Systems","display_name":"Availability and Cost Analysis of Network-Attack-Resilient Byzantine Fault Tolerant Systems","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413073822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2025.3589936"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2025.3589936","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2025.3589936","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115648470","display_name":"Aren Alyahya","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aren Alyahya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics and Networked Systems, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","Department of Informatics and Networked Systems, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics and Networked Systems, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics and Networked Systems, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083599909","display_name":"David Tipper","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9429-6425"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Tipper","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics and Networked Systems, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","Department of Informatics and Networked Systems, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics and Networked Systems, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics and Networked Systems, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067242457","display_name":"Amy Babay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9982-1364"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amy Babay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics and Networked Systems, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","Department of Informatics and Networked Systems, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics and Networked Systems, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics and Networked Systems, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5115648470"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.22175673,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"5","first_page":"3895","last_page":"3908"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9864000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9864000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9794999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.972599983215332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7978807687759399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/byzantine-fault-tolerance","display_name":"Byzantine fault tolerance","score":0.7466987371444702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.6055778861045837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-byzantine-agreement","display_name":"Quantum Byzantine agreement","score":0.5370463728904724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4904053211212158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4820078909397125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/byzantine-architecture","display_name":"Byzantine architecture","score":0.4436677396297455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.334646999835968}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7978807687759399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168021876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1353446","display_name":"Byzantine fault tolerance","level":3,"score":0.7466987371444702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.6055778861045837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17532199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17083590","display_name":"Quantum Byzantine agreement","level":4,"score":0.5370463728904724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4904053211212158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4820078909397125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104562893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47591","display_name":"Byzantine architecture","level":2,"score":0.4436677396297455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.334646999835968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2025.3589936","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2025.3589936","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8299999833106995,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488245248","https://openalex.org/W1864930692","https://openalex.org/W1869854851","https://openalex.org/W1969072400","https://openalex.org/W1986076419","https://openalex.org/W2011853220","https://openalex.org/W2111942706","https://openalex.org/W2114579022","https://openalex.org/W2137459517","https://openalex.org/W2137934532","https://openalex.org/W2149054080","https://openalex.org/W2170590256","https://openalex.org/W2571654287","https://openalex.org/W2884672821","https://openalex.org/W2901840099","https://openalex.org/W2954959112","https://openalex.org/W3037197264","https://openalex.org/W3126214251","https://openalex.org/W3193064439","https://openalex.org/W4238097735","https://openalex.org/W4288083744","https://openalex.org/W4327884417","https://openalex.org/W4385623445","https://openalex.org/W4387125891","https://openalex.org/W4391677908","https://openalex.org/W4401508185","https://openalex.org/W4404687936","https://openalex.org/W4405703276","https://openalex.org/W4405786843","https://openalex.org/W4405787849"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1698117324","https://openalex.org/W2292106967","https://openalex.org/W4290996430","https://openalex.org/W2109232026","https://openalex.org/W4210453042","https://openalex.org/W2997526278","https://openalex.org/W2775054947","https://openalex.org/W2146384899","https://openalex.org/W4404788985","https://openalex.org/W2145120192"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Byzantine":[0],"Fault":[1],"Tolerant":[2],"(BFT)":[3],"system":[4,69,131],"designs":[5,70,91,132,142],"have":[6,19],"evolved":[7],"to":[8,29,56,59,106],"withstand":[9,30],"increasingly":[10],"challenging":[11],"threat":[12],"scenarios.":[13],"In":[14,99],"particular,":[15],"network-attack-resilient":[16,108],"BFT":[17,109],"systems":[18,46,110],"developed":[20],"frameworks":[21],"for":[22,120,143],"distributing":[23],"replicas":[24],"among":[25],"multiple":[26],"geographical":[27],"sites":[28,58],"sophisticated":[31],"network":[32],"denial":[33],"of":[34,76,94,113],"service":[35],"attacks":[36],"that":[37,71],"can":[38,51],"isolate":[39],"an":[40],"entire":[41],"site.":[42],"To":[43],"make":[44],"such":[45],"economically":[47],"feasible,":[48],"data":[49,125],"centers":[50],"be":[52],"used":[53],"in":[54,92,111,134],"addition":[55],"on-premises":[57,123],"reduce":[60],"the":[61,87,135,139],"overall":[62],"cost.":[63,98],"Prior":[64],"work":[65],"focuses":[66],"on":[67],"developing":[68],"tolerate":[72],"a":[73,104,144],"fixed":[74],"number":[75],"replica":[77],"failures":[78],"and":[79,97,116,124,137],"site":[80],"disconnections.":[81],"However,":[82],"it":[83],"has":[84],"not":[85],"considered":[86],"trade-offs":[88],"between":[89,122],"these":[90],"terms":[93,112],"their":[95,114],"availability":[96,146],"this":[100],"paper,":[101],"we":[102],"develop":[103],"framework":[105],"assess":[107],"cost":[115],"availability,":[117],"while":[118],"accounting":[119],"differences":[121],"center":[126],"sites.":[127],"We":[128],"compare":[129],"five":[130],"proposed":[133],"literature":[136],"identify":[138],"most":[140],"cost-effective":[141],"given":[145],"target.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}