{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411600798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2025.3582121","title":"Retraction Notice A Hybrid Multistage DNN-Based Collaborative IDPS for High-Risk Smart Factory Networks","display_name":"Retraction Notice A Hybrid Multistage DNN-Based Collaborative IDPS for High-Risk Smart Factory Networks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411600798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2025.3582121"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2025.3582121","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2025.3582121","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057826754","display_name":"Poulmanogo Illy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6334-698X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9736820","display_name":"\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure","ror":"https://ror.org/0020snb74","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Poulmanogo Illy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032243366","display_name":"Georges Kaddoum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5025-6624"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9736820","display_name":"\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure","ror":"https://ror.org/0020snb74","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georges Kaddoum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006927598","display_name":"Paulo Freitas de Araujo-Filho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1178-2648"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9736820","display_name":"\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure","ror":"https://ror.org/0020snb74","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paulo Freitas de Araujo-Filho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091365209","display_name":"Kuljeet Kaur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4597-1700"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9736820","display_name":"\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure","ror":"https://ror.org/0020snb74","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kuljeet Kaur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005877741","display_name":"Sahil Garg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0229-608X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sahil Garg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Resilient Machine Learning Institute, Montreal, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Resilient Machine Learning Institute, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057826754"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.19372888,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"4","first_page":"3743","last_page":"3743"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13731","display_name":"Advanced Computing and Algorithms","score":0.9204000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13731","display_name":"Advanced Computing and Algorithms","score":0.9204000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9128999710083008,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notice","display_name":"Notice","score":0.9226780533790588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7733542919158936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/factory","display_name":"Factory (object-oriented programming)","score":0.581149160861969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3747261166572571}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779913896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7063001","display_name":"Notice","level":2,"score":0.9226780533790588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7733542919158936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40149104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5620977","display_name":"Factory (object-oriented programming)","level":2,"score":0.581149160861969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3747261166572571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2025.3582121","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2025.3582121","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.44999998807907104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W3018282762","https://openalex.org/W2558055997","https://openalex.org/W2791183434","https://openalex.org/W2353369313","https://openalex.org/W4400794747","https://openalex.org/W4250645680","https://openalex.org/W4300782058"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"New":[0],"industrial":[1,11],"control":[2],"systems":[3,27],"(ICSs)":[4],"that":[5,20,134,155,180],"have":[6,29,74],"been":[7,31],"modernized":[8],"with":[9,128,160,175],"the":[10,51,77,96,109,149,153,200],"Internet":[12],"of":[13,37,50,68,82,99,152,192],"Things":[14],"(IIoT)":[15],"are":[16,39,188],"exposed":[17],"to":[18,33,137,141],"cyber-attacks":[19],"exploit":[21],"IIoT":[22],"vulnerabilities.":[23],"Numerous":[24],"intrusion":[25,83,122,171],"detection":[26,123],"(IDSs)":[28],"therefore":[30],"proposed":[32,52,145,203],"secure":[34],"ICSs,":[35],"many":[36],"which":[38,106],"based":[40],"on":[41,56,139,196],"machine":[42],"learning,":[43],"specifically":[44],"deep":[45,58,87],"neural":[46],"networks":[47],"(DNNs).":[48],"Most":[49],"DNN-based":[53,121],"solutions":[54],"rely":[55],"single":[57,86],"learning":[59,88],"models":[60,89],"and":[61,124],"could":[62],"be":[63,92],"less":[64],"costly":[65],"in":[66,94,102,111],"terms":[67],"ICS":[69],"latency.":[70,143],"However,":[71],"they":[72],"might":[73],"difficulties":[75],"understanding":[76],"increasingly":[78],"complex":[79],"data":[80,154],"distribution":[81],"patterns.":[84],"Moreover,":[85,166],"may":[90],"not":[91],"effective":[93],"capturing":[95],"specific":[97],"patterns":[98],"minority":[100],"classes":[101],"highly":[103],"imbalanced":[104],"datasets,":[105],"is":[107],"usually":[108],"case":[110],"cyber-security.":[112],"Therefore,":[113],"this":[114],"paper":[115],"proposes":[116],"a":[117,169],"novel":[118],"hybrid":[119],"multistage":[120],"prevention":[125,172],"system":[126,173],"(IDPS)":[127],"better":[129],"accuracy":[130],"for":[131],"critical":[132],"ICSs":[133],"cannot":[135],"afford":[136],"compromise":[138],"security":[140],"improve":[142],"The":[144,190],"approach":[146],"sequentially":[147],"learns":[148],"decision":[150],"boundaries":[151],"were":[156],"misclassified":[157],"or":[158],"classified":[159],"low":[161],"confidence":[162],"by":[163],"previous":[164],"DNNs.":[165],"it":[167],"incorporates":[168],"collaborative":[170],"(IPS)":[174],"an":[176],"emergency":[177],"response":[178],"schema":[179],"automatically":[181],"mitigates":[182],"attacks":[183],"as":[184,186],"soon":[185],"anomalies":[187],"detected.":[189],"results":[191],"experimental":[193],"evaluations":[194],"performed":[195],"different":[197],"datasets":[198],"demonstrate":[199],"effectiveness":[201],"ofthe":[202],"solution.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}