{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404915397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2024.3509136","title":"DRel: Dynamically Assigning Per-Packet Reliability at the Transport Layer","display_name":"DRel: Dynamically Assigning Per-Packet Reliability at the Transport Layer","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404915397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2024.3509136"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2024.3509136","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2024.3509136","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/ws/files/322350488/Dynamic_Reliability_Transaction_24.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044423029","display_name":"Omar Nassef","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9499-8195"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Omar Nassef","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre of Telecommunication Research, King&#x2019;s College London, London, U.K","Centre of Telecommunication Research, King&#x2019;s College London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre of Telecommunication Research, King&#x2019;s College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre of Telecommunication Research, King&#x2019;s College London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050055136","display_name":"Toktam Mahmoodi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2760-7139"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toktam Mahmoodi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre of Telecommunication Research, King&#x2019;s College London, London, U.K","Centre of Telecommunication Research, King&#x2019;s College London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre of Telecommunication Research, King&#x2019;s College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre of Telecommunication Research, King&#x2019;s College London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031458924","display_name":"Federico Chiariotti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7915-7275"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","display_name":"University of Padua","ror":"https://ror.org/00240q980","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Federico Chiariotti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy","Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101829740","display_name":"Stephen Johnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6814-1190"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116106","display_name":"Fon (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/022h9xz52","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092178","https://openalex.org/I4210116106"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen H. Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Wireless Communication, BT Labs, London, U.K","BT, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Wireless Communication, BT Labs, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116106"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"BT, UK","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044423029"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.325,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61077024,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"2","first_page":"1276","last_page":"1294"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.964900016784668,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8322972059249878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.6346684694290161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.6237164735794067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5596802234649658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.5131469368934631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/application-layer","display_name":"Application layer","score":0.4147467613220215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3292883038520813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.11207711696624756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.08766913414001465}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8322972059249878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.6346684694290161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.6237164735794067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5596802234649658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.5131469368934631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190793597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189768","display_name":"Application layer","level":3,"score":0.4147467613220215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3292883038520813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.11207711696624756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.08766913414001465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2024.3509136","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2024.3509136","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kclpure.kcl.ac.uk:publications/818bcf82-da39-4564-b6ae-57d254007a35","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/818bcf82-da39-4564-b6ae-57d254007a35","pdf_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/ws/files/322350488/Dynamic_Reliability_Transaction_24.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400216","display_name":"Research Portal (King's College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","host_organization_name":"King's College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Nassef, O, Mahmoodi, T, Chiariotti, F & Johnson, S 2024, 'DRel: Dynamically Assigning Per-Packet Reliability at the Transport Layer', IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management. < https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10772381 >","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kclpure.kcl.ac.uk:openaire/818bcf82-da39-4564-b6ae-57d254007a35","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/files/322350488/Dynamic_Reliability_Transaction_24.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400216","display_name":"Research Portal (King's College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","host_organization_name":"King's College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Nassef, O, Mahmoodi, T, Chiariotti, F & Johnson, S 2024, 'DRel: Dynamically Assigning Per-Packet Reliability at the Transport Layer', IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management. < https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10772381 >","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.research.unipd.it:11577/3544961","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11577/3544961","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402547","display_name":"Padua Research Archive (University of Padova)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","host_organization_name":"University of Padua","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:kclpure.kcl.ac.uk:publications/818bcf82-da39-4564-b6ae-57d254007a35","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/818bcf82-da39-4564-b6ae-57d254007a35","pdf_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/ws/files/322350488/Dynamic_Reliability_Transaction_24.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400216","display_name":"Research Portal (King's College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","host_organization_name":"King's College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Nassef, O, Mahmoodi, T, Chiariotti, F & Johnson, S 2024, 'DRel: Dynamically Assigning Per-Packet Reliability at the Transport Layer', IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management. < https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10772381 >","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4404915397.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4404915397.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W32864775","https://openalex.org/W1967383019","https://openalex.org/W1970365335","https://openalex.org/W1990218224","https://openalex.org/W2007309295","https://openalex.org/W2039186451","https://openalex.org/W2064578521","https://openalex.org/W2145208701","https://openalex.org/W2331867419","https://openalex.org/W2468296714","https://openalex.org/W2745034467","https://openalex.org/W2761678484","https://openalex.org/W2770930158","https://openalex.org/W2810598854","https://openalex.org/W2885270417","https://openalex.org/W2886494773","https://openalex.org/W2892797642","https://openalex.org/W2895537719","https://openalex.org/W2897966697","https://openalex.org/W2905742271","https://openalex.org/W2912967877","https://openalex.org/W2954543164","https://openalex.org/W2972260047","https://openalex.org/W2975150372","https://openalex.org/W2996688537","https://openalex.org/W3003885813","https://openalex.org/W3034631130","https://openalex.org/W3054983093","https://openalex.org/W3090247486","https://openalex.org/W3126686235","https://openalex.org/W3129125171","https://openalex.org/W3135269945","https://openalex.org/W3137257456","https://openalex.org/W3160268454","https://openalex.org/W3163293075","https://openalex.org/W3169906585","https://openalex.org/W3217797237","https://openalex.org/W4220950984","https://openalex.org/W4387869511","https://openalex.org/W6753664514","https://openalex.org/W6753701298","https://openalex.org/W6773112480","https://openalex.org/W6775745826"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4396235020","https://openalex.org/W1995417588","https://openalex.org/W3007061917","https://openalex.org/W2008332894","https://openalex.org/W2145396774","https://openalex.org/W2504933265","https://openalex.org/W2216035532","https://openalex.org/W1585302186","https://openalex.org/W2116106897","https://openalex.org/W2181429049"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,90,125,191],"recently":[1],"introduced":[2],"QUIC":[3,95],"protocol":[4],"has":[5],"greatly":[6],"increased":[7],"the":[8,14,17,21,62,82,87,106,145,148,177,201,207,211,214,235,241],"flexibility":[9],"of":[10,20,31,81,109,147,179,243],"end-to-end":[11,253],"transmissions":[12],"on":[13,144],"Internet,":[15],"surpassing":[16],"design":[18,34],"limits":[19],"most":[22],"popular":[23],"transport":[24,88,215],"protocols:":[25],"TCP":[26],"and":[27,96,103,118,133,139,167,183,230,245,252],"UDP.":[28],"However,":[29],"some":[30],"TCP\u2019s":[32],"main":[33],"principles":[35],"were":[36],"carried":[37],"onto":[38],"QUIC,":[39],"which":[40],"may":[41,159],"not":[42,116,120],"be":[43,57],"suitable":[44],"for":[45,78,105,172,200,228],"real-time":[46],"use-cases;":[47],"primarily,":[48],"full":[49],"reliability,":[50],"as":[51],"it":[52],"requires":[53],"every":[54],"packet":[55,85,111,157],"to":[56,130,196,206,226,234],"retransmitted":[58],"until":[59],"acknowledged":[60],"by":[61,94,122,152,224],"receiver.":[63],"In":[64],"this":[65],"work,":[66],"we":[67],"present":[68],"Dynamic":[69],"Reliability":[70],"(DRel),":[71],"a":[72,161,219,239],"partial":[73],"reliability":[74,83,153,158,203],"framework":[75,91],"that":[76],"allows":[77],"granular":[79],"alteration":[80],"per":[84],"at":[86,213],"layer.":[89],"is":[92,119,248],"housed":[93],"its":[97],"multipath":[98],"extension,":[99],"yet":[100],"offering":[101],"no-ack":[102],"no-retransmit":[104],"true":[107],"meaning":[108],"unreliable":[110,123,134],"transmission":[112,169],"(congestion":[113],"control":[114],"does":[115],"impact":[117],"influenced":[121],"packets).":[124],"\u201cdynamic\u201d":[126],"in":[127,136,163,181,221],"DRel":[128,180],"refers":[129],"interchangeable":[131],"reliable":[132],"transmission,":[135],"one":[137],"session":[138],"across":[140],"multiple":[141],"paths,":[142],"depending":[143],"volatility":[146],"communication":[149,222],"system;":[150],"guided":[151],"policies.":[154],"Fluidly":[155],"altering":[156],"offer":[160],"means":[162],"meeting":[164],"stringent":[165],"5G":[166],"Beyond":[168],"requirements,":[170],"especially":[171],"xURLLC":[173],"use-cases.":[174],"We":[175],"examine":[176],"performance":[178,195],"single-":[182,229],"multiple-path":[184,231],"architectures":[185],"through":[186],"system-level":[187],"simulation":[188],"using":[189],"Mininet.":[190],"results":[192],"illustrate":[193],"comparable":[194],"vital":[197],"QoE":[198],"metrics":[199],"dynamic":[202],"policies":[204],"compared":[205,233],"original":[208,236],"(MP)QUIC.":[209,237],"Alternatively,":[210],"enhancements":[212],"layer":[216],"stem":[217],"from":[218],"reduction":[220],"congestion":[223],"up":[225],"80%":[227],"connections":[232],"As":[238],"result,":[240],"amount":[242],"backlogged":[244],"out-of-order":[246],"packets":[247],"reduced,":[249],"downsizing":[250],"intermediate":[251],"buffer":[254],"occupancies.":[255]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
