{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4394966847","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2024.3391664","title":"Energy and Delay Aware General Task Dependent Offloading in UAV-Aided Smart Farms","display_name":"Energy and Delay Aware General Task Dependent Offloading in UAV-Aided Smart Farms","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4394966847","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2024.3391664"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2024.3391664","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2024.3391664","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017937596","display_name":"Fahime Khoramnejad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1996-1317"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46247651","display_name":"University of Manitoba","ror":"https://ror.org/02gfys938","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153718931","display_name":"University of Ottawa","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fahime Khoramnejad","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018710229","display_name":"Aisha Syed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6552-3720"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aisha Syed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artificial Intelligence Research Lab, Nokia Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence Research Lab, Nokia Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054767234","display_name":"W. Sean Kennedy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. Sean Kennedy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artificial Intelligence Research Lab, Nokia Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence Research Lab, Nokia Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089891162","display_name":"Melike Erol\u2010Kantarci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6787-8457"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153718931","display_name":"University of Ottawa","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Melike Erol-Kantarci","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017937596"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931","https://openalex.org/I46247651"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.4918,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96095906,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"5","first_page":"5033","last_page":"5048"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.984499990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.9822999835014343,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.644760251045227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6353412866592407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.5355092883110046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.43907618522644043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.401452898979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3941196799278259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1322670876979828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1082196831703186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.09954369068145752}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.644760251045227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6353412866592407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5355092883110046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.43907618522644043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.401452898979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3941196799278259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1322670876979828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1082196831703186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.09954369068145752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2024.3391664","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2024.3391664","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322675","display_name":"Mitacs","ror":"https://ror.org/00cjrc276"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1480317510","https://openalex.org/W2138960193","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2148911784","https://openalex.org/W2164271287","https://openalex.org/W2604830243","https://openalex.org/W2617645806","https://openalex.org/W2746553466","https://openalex.org/W2883087564","https://openalex.org/W2961380111","https://openalex.org/W2963864421","https://openalex.org/W2968782695","https://openalex.org/W2969926092","https://openalex.org/W2988930013","https://openalex.org/W3011612089","https://openalex.org/W3013290174","https://openalex.org/W3024681024","https://openalex.org/W3044921708","https://openalex.org/W3046988891","https://openalex.org/W3108755568","https://openalex.org/W3112887103","https://openalex.org/W3128201245","https://openalex.org/W3129419346","https://openalex.org/W3131309288","https://openalex.org/W3133735442","https://openalex.org/W3138616181","https://openalex.org/W3159145702","https://openalex.org/W3161168179","https://openalex.org/W3166542244","https://openalex.org/W3192536512","https://openalex.org/W3200600175","https://openalex.org/W3201976554","https://openalex.org/W3206626070","https://openalex.org/W3215817894","https://openalex.org/W3217119770","https://openalex.org/W3217259041","https://openalex.org/W4214717370","https://openalex.org/W4220674695","https://openalex.org/W4285279866","https://openalex.org/W4290994004","https://openalex.org/W4293208162","https://openalex.org/W4294811270","https://openalex.org/W6684921986","https://openalex.org/W6726873649","https://openalex.org/W6736495275"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4389443772","https://openalex.org/W2548721895","https://openalex.org/W2373456246","https://openalex.org/W2013265273","https://openalex.org/W4238809000","https://openalex.org/W2786646446","https://openalex.org/W2312871963","https://openalex.org/W2331739042","https://openalex.org/W2390930322","https://openalex.org/W3196817267"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Edge":[0],"computing":[1,20],"offers":[2],"a":[3,176,209,220,227],"promising":[4],"solution":[5],"to":[6,58,84,109,136,181],"enhance":[7],"network":[8],"reliability.":[9],"In":[10],"this":[11,66,158],"study,":[12],"we":[13,93,162],"investigate":[14],"the":[15,29,55,69,72,79,96,106,122,140,144,149,152,188,201],"integration":[16],"of":[17,31,40,65,81,101,125,142],"mobile":[18],"edge":[19,108],"(MEC)":[21],"technology":[22],"and":[23,48,78,98,103,111,128,169,216,226],"unmanned":[24],"aerial":[25],"vehicles":[26],"(UAVs)":[27],"within":[28],"context":[30],"smart":[32],"agriculture.":[33],"Smart":[34],"agriculture":[35],"relies":[36],"on":[37,71,121],"resource-constrained":[38],"Internet":[39],"Things":[41],"(IoT)":[42],"devices":[43,53],"for":[44,60,148,233],"local":[45],"environmental":[46],"monitoring":[47],"data":[49,57],"collection.":[50],"These":[51],"IoT":[52],"send":[54],"collected":[56],"UAVs":[59,102],"analysis.":[61],"A":[62],"central":[63],"theme":[64],"work":[67],"is":[68,139],"focus":[70],"applications":[73],"generated":[74],"by":[75],"each":[76],"UAV":[77],"consideration":[80],"their":[82],"topology":[83],"derive":[85],"our":[86,137],"optimization":[87,124],"algorithm.":[88,205],"To":[89,156],"tackle":[90],"these":[91,132],"challenges,":[92],"propose":[94],"harnessing":[95],"computational":[97],"power":[99,126],"resources":[100],"MEC":[104],"at":[105],"network\u2019s":[107],"offload":[110],"execute":[112],"resource-intensive":[113],"tasks":[114],"in":[115,131,212,224,230],"UAV-MEC-assisted":[116],"networks.":[117,134],"Our":[118,190,206],"research":[119],"focuses":[120],"joint":[123],"allocation":[127],"task":[129,183],"offloading":[130],"wireless":[133],"Central":[135],"investigation":[138],"problem":[141,160],"minimizing":[143,213],"energy-time":[145],"cost":[146],"(ETC)":[147],"UAVs,":[150],"considering":[151],"interdependencies":[153],"among":[154],"tasks.":[155,237],"address":[157],"complex":[159],"efficiently,":[161],"introduce":[163],"graph":[164,179],"convolutional":[165],"neural":[166],"networks":[167],"(GCNs)":[168],"reinforcement":[170],"learning":[171],"(RL)-based":[172],"techniques.":[173],"We":[174],"employ":[175],"directed":[177],"acyclic":[178],"(DAG)":[180],"model":[182],"interdependencies,":[184],"with":[185,196,219],"GCNs":[186],"characterizing":[187],"DAG.":[189],"approach":[191],"incorporates":[192],"an":[193],"actor-critic":[194,203],"method":[195],"embedding":[197],"layers,":[198],"trained":[199],"using":[200],"compound-action":[202],"(CA2C)":[204],"findings":[207],"reveal":[208],"significant":[210],"improvement":[211],"both":[214],"delay":[215,225],"energy":[217,232],"consumption,":[218],"27%":[221],"percent":[222],"reduction":[223,229],"45%":[228],"consumed":[231],"executing":[234],"complex,":[235],"interdependent":[236]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-09T08:58:05.943551","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}