{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387010859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2023.3318569","title":"A Stateless Design of Satellite\u2013Terrestrial Integrated Core Network and Its Deployment Strategy","display_name":"A Stateless Design of Satellite\u2013Terrestrial Integrated Core Network and Its Deployment Strategy","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387010859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2023.3318569"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2023.3318569","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2023.3318569","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092253843","display_name":"Yu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4672-4656"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, the Beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Networks, and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4672-4656","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, the Beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Networks, and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057155774","display_name":"Luhan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7056-5416"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luhan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, the Beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Networks, and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7056-5416","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, the Beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Networks, and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019111566","display_name":"Zhaoming Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0182-1770"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaoming Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, the Beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Networks, and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0182-1770","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, the Beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Networks, and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006794708","display_name":"Keliang Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8416-5237"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keliang Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, the Beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Networks, and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8416-5237","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, the Beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Networks, and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063484071","display_name":"Guochu Shou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8271-0246"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guochu Shou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, the Beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Networks, and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8271-0246","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, the Beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Networks, and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.9818,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98776655,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"1","first_page":"953","last_page":"966"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13905","display_name":"Telecommunications and Broadcasting Technologies","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7599335312843323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stateless-protocol","display_name":"Stateless protocol","score":0.6598526239395142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.6397061347961426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5426090955734253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5249053239822388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","score":0.46810269355773926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core-network","display_name":"Core network","score":0.4423847794532776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3693450689315796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.33602672815322876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08689582347869873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.07900750637054443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.07635718584060669}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7599335312843323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103613024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230924","display_name":"Stateless protocol","level":3,"score":0.6598526239395142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.6397061347961426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5426090955734253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5249053239822388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2164484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170150","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.46810269355773926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5038329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142907","display_name":"Core network","level":2,"score":0.4423847794532776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3693450689315796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.33602672815322876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08689582347869873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.07900750637054443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.07635718584060669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2023.3318569","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2023.3318569","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5199999809265137}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1736832713","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"L222003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3541373492","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"L202002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973942348","https://openalex.org/W2126105956","https://openalex.org/W2130534645","https://openalex.org/W2165250321","https://openalex.org/W2173883661","https://openalex.org/W2518889735","https://openalex.org/W2521915382","https://openalex.org/W2734663125","https://openalex.org/W2772221637","https://openalex.org/W2784296952","https://openalex.org/W2796074528","https://openalex.org/W2892656107","https://openalex.org/W2901929810","https://openalex.org/W2909847702","https://openalex.org/W2910699988","https://openalex.org/W2944038114","https://openalex.org/W2964005248","https://openalex.org/W2968935773","https://openalex.org/W2969103220","https://openalex.org/W3013626674","https://openalex.org/W3024145172","https://openalex.org/W3046899194","https://openalex.org/W3083262369","https://openalex.org/W3088618102","https://openalex.org/W3106959531","https://openalex.org/W3110989801","https://openalex.org/W3126180944","https://openalex.org/W3128807435","https://openalex.org/W3134807487","https://openalex.org/W3138627822","https://openalex.org/W3172060017","https://openalex.org/W3174495368","https://openalex.org/W3194355993","https://openalex.org/W3205036211","https://openalex.org/W3213566901","https://openalex.org/W3216956110","https://openalex.org/W4206163747","https://openalex.org/W4210248534","https://openalex.org/W4223533311","https://openalex.org/W4225378152","https://openalex.org/W4225852858","https://openalex.org/W4225911914","https://openalex.org/W4283593283","https://openalex.org/W4287887971","https://openalex.org/W4290991450","https://openalex.org/W4293221718","https://openalex.org/W4308085849","https://openalex.org/W4312382073","https://openalex.org/W4319988979","https://openalex.org/W4322706769","https://openalex.org/W4323897585","https://openalex.org/W4387010859","https://openalex.org/W6765972666"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3040374273","https://openalex.org/W2955572513","https://openalex.org/W4360604845","https://openalex.org/W151293476","https://openalex.org/W2116712504","https://openalex.org/W2036359834","https://openalex.org/W3130948357","https://openalex.org/W1990859633","https://openalex.org/W2393335510","https://openalex.org/W3100679886"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Integrating":[0],"terrestrial":[1,45,101,191],"cellular":[2],"network":[3],"with":[4,87,100,190],"Low":[5],"Earth":[6],"Orbit":[7],"(LEO)":[8],"satellite":[9,81],"constellation":[10],"has":[11],"been":[12],"a":[13,77,122,128],"popular":[14],"trend":[15],"in":[16,121],"beyond":[17],"5G":[18],"and":[19,51,63,90,118,139,163,185],"6G":[20],"eras,":[21],"called":[22],"Satellite-Terrestrial":[23],"Integrated":[24],"Core":[25,28],"Network":[26,29,111],"(STICN).":[27],"(CN)":[30],"is":[31,47,186],"an":[32],"essential":[33],"component":[34],"responsible":[35],"for":[36,49],"authentication,":[37],"security,":[38],"mobility,":[39],"data":[40],"routing,":[41],"etc.":[42],"However,":[43],"the":[44,57,88,108,160,172,177,180],"CN":[46,82,102],"designed":[48],"infrastructure-fixed":[50],"user-moving":[52],"scenarios,":[53],"which":[54,84],"would":[55],"cause":[56],"STICN":[58,153],"to":[59,103,133],"experience":[60],"signaling":[61],"storms":[62],"service":[64,140],"interruptions":[65],"when":[66],"users":[67],"access":[68],"by":[69,158,183],"rapid":[70],"satellites.":[71,95],"In":[72],"this":[73],"paper,":[74],"we":[75,126],"propose":[76],"distributed":[78],"lightweight":[79],"stateless":[80],"architecture,":[83],"could":[85,155,175],"fit":[86],"dynamic":[89],"limited-resource":[91],"instincts":[92],"of":[93,110,137,165,179],"LEO":[94],"And":[96],"it":[97],"can":[98],"cooperate":[99],"provide":[104],"seamless":[105],"services.":[106],"Firstly,":[107],"contexts":[109],"Functions":[112],"(NFs)":[113],"are":[114,119,145],"decoupled":[115],"from":[116],"themselves":[117],"managed":[120],"common":[123],"repository.":[124],"Moreover,":[125],"design":[127],"cooperation":[129],"mechanism":[130],"between":[131],"NFs":[132],"avoid":[134],"frequent":[135],"transmission":[136],"context":[138],"interruption.":[141],"Finally,":[142],"extensive":[143],"experiments":[144],"carried":[146],"out":[147],"on":[148],"semi-physical":[149],"simulation":[150],"environments.":[151],"The":[152],"performance":[154],"be":[156],"improved":[157],"selecting":[159],"optimal":[161],"number":[162],"location":[164],"each":[166],"NF.":[167],"Our":[168],"evaluation":[169],"shows":[170],"that":[171],"proposed":[173],"scheme":[174],"reduce":[176],"delay":[178],"handover":[181],"procedure":[182],"37%":[184],"more":[187],"resilient":[188],"compared":[189],"CN.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}