{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4293093486","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2022.3199346","title":"A Novel Scheme to Improve the Scalability of Bitcoin Combining IPFS With Block Compression","display_name":"A Novel Scheme to Improve the Scalability of Bitcoin Combining IPFS With Block Compression","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4293093486","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2022.3199346"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2022.3199346","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2022.3199346","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068636969","display_name":"Kun Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5172-9999"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kun Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038718363","display_name":"Chunping Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3841-1919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunping Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100452965","display_name":"Xiaoqing Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4945-0080"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoqing Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051405611","display_name":"Shenghang Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shenghang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012206478","display_name":"Hongbing Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8504-1092"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongbing Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068636969"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6378,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93871964,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"4","first_page":"3694","last_page":"3705"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10742","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.8220642805099487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8142197728157043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-transaction","display_name":"Database transaction","score":0.6633124947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.6433323621749878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.5794340968132019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/file-system","display_name":"File system","score":0.515454113483429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.48833104968070984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptocurrency","display_name":"Cryptocurrency","score":0.4575497508049011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.44532153010368347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4408300817012787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3991330862045288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.38471102714538574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.2769465446472168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.1835557520389557}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.8220642805099487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8142197728157043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.6633124947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.6433323621749878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.5794340968132019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780940931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174989","display_name":"File system","level":2,"score":0.515454113483429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.48833104968070984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180706569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13479982","display_name":"Cryptocurrency","level":2,"score":0.4575497508049011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.44532153010368347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4408300817012787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3991330862045288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.38471102714538574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2769465446472168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1835557520389557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2022.3199346","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2022.3199346","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5400000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3502276004","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61402413","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4222568738","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62072407","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7277415564","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"LY19F020023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2057248704","https://openalex.org/W2119245106","https://openalex.org/W2160279333","https://openalex.org/W2189446046","https://openalex.org/W2535104337","https://openalex.org/W2783232377","https://openalex.org/W2794417375","https://openalex.org/W2794533297","https://openalex.org/W2794752110","https://openalex.org/W2900276571","https://openalex.org/W2910199432","https://openalex.org/W2911211218","https://openalex.org/W2950768111","https://openalex.org/W2962966164","https://openalex.org/W2971569867","https://openalex.org/W2995970127","https://openalex.org/W3013479300","https://openalex.org/W3111268343","https://openalex.org/W3131379266","https://openalex.org/W3156156801","https://openalex.org/W3157247744","https://openalex.org/W3190422696","https://openalex.org/W4243552087","https://openalex.org/W4248175462","https://openalex.org/W4294397336","https://openalex.org/W6609205758","https://openalex.org/W6675743113","https://openalex.org/W6724945707"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W4382775358","https://openalex.org/W4246942721","https://openalex.org/W3209862047","https://openalex.org/W4303984095","https://openalex.org/W2957710009","https://openalex.org/W3115531728"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"of":[1,4,9,26,46,57,80,84,94,113,131,154,171,176,189],"the":[2,7,10,39,44,54,58,68,82,95,111,117,121,135,143,152,155,164,180,186,190],"end":[3],"September":[5],"2021,":[6],"size":[8,112],"Bitcoin":[11,59,156,181,191],"blockchain":[12,47],"has":[13],"reached":[14],"366.9GB":[15],"and":[16,127,160,173],"continues":[17],"to":[18,52,109,142,150],"increase":[19],"at":[20],"an":[21],"average":[22],"annual":[23],"growth":[24],"rate":[25],"17.6%.":[27],"The":[28,72,158],"large-scale":[29],"demand":[30],"for":[31,90,179],"storage":[32,107,177],"space":[33,178],"constrains":[34],"new":[35],"nodes":[36,183],"from":[37],"joining":[38],"network,":[40],"which":[41],"seriously":[42],"hinders":[43],"development":[45],"technology.":[48],"In":[49],"this":[50,101],"paper,":[51],"explore":[53],"data":[55,119],"characteristics":[56],"blockchain,":[60],"we":[61,103],"performed":[62],"a":[63,105,168],"comprehensive":[64],"statistical":[65],"experiment":[66],"on":[67],"current":[69],"680,000":[70],"blocks.":[71],"analysis":[73],"results":[74],"indicated":[75],"that":[76,163],"in":[77],"nearly":[78],"95%":[79],"blocks,":[81],"number":[83],"spent":[85],"transaction":[86,97,118],"output":[87],"(STXO)":[88],"accounts":[89],"more":[91],"than":[92],"67%":[93,125],"total":[96],"outputs.":[98],"Inspired":[99],"by":[100,115],"feature,":[102],"proposed":[104,165],"novel":[106],"scheme":[108,166],"reduce":[110],"blocks":[114],"deleting":[116],"with":[120],"STXO":[122],"ratio":[123,170],"over":[124],"first":[126],"compressing":[128],"fixed-length":[129],"fields":[130],"those":[132],"transactions.":[133],"Then,":[134],"newly":[136],"generated":[137],"block":[138],"files":[139],"were":[140],"deposited":[141],"InterPlanetary":[144],"File":[145],"System":[146],"(IPFS)":[147],"private":[148],"network":[149],"improve":[151],"scalability":[153],"blockchain.":[157],"experiments":[159],"evalutions":[161],"showed":[162],"achieved":[167],"compression":[169],"96.9%":[172],"saved":[174],"330GB":[175],"full":[182],"while":[184],"guaranteeing":[185],"normal":[187],"operation":[188],"network.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}