{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3128928262","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2021.3055425","title":"LogClass: Anomalous Log Identification and Classification With Partial Labels","display_name":"LogClass: Anomalous Log Identification and Classification With Partial Labels","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3128928262","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2021.3055425","mag":"3128928262"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2021.3055425","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2021.3055425","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027448460","display_name":"Weibin Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9384-9016"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156423","display_name":"National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/04c3j3t84","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156423"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weibin Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Beijing, China","Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9384-9016","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156423"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100414241","display_name":"Ying Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4919-1130"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156423","display_name":"National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/04c3j3t84","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156423"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Beijing, China","Institute of Network Sciences and Cyberspace, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4919-1130","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156423"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Network Sciences and Cyberspace, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072210083","display_name":"Shenglin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0330-0028"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shenglin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Software, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0330-0028","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Software, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055048001","display_name":"Federico Zaiter","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156423","display_name":"National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/04c3j3t84","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156423"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Federico Zaiter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Beijing, China","Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156423"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100727266","display_name":"Yuzhe Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0753-1318"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuzhe Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Software, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Software, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101684274","display_name":"Yuheng Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5358-4826"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuheng Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of computer science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of computer science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066406277","display_name":"Zhaoyang Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2450-4997"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156423","display_name":"National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/04c3j3t84","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156423"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaoyang Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Beijing, China","Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156423"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100657058","display_name":"Yuzhi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6729-925X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuzhi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Software, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6729-925X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Software, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101913343","display_name":"Lei Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7912-9242"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301712","display_name":"Baidu (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vs3wt56","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baidu, Inc., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baidu, Inc., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100447258","display_name":"Ming Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3441-7811"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I874390226","display_name":"China Construction Bank","ror":"https://ror.org/00xkrw816","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I874390226"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Construction Bank, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Construction Bank, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I874390226"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046419834","display_name":"Dan Pei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5113-838X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156423","display_name":"National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/04c3j3t84","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156423"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Pei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Beijing, China","Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5113-838X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156423"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.2287,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96618661,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"2","first_page":"1870","last_page":"1884"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9850999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.957099974155426,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7899327278137207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.6160986423492432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5396011471748352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.490294486284256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.43945205211639404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.42415761947631836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3735847473144531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3310563564300537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08851265907287598}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7899327278137207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.6160986423492432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5396011471748352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.490294486284256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.43945205211639404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.42415761947631836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3735847473144531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3310563564300537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08851265907287598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2021.3055425","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2021.3055425","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.7300000190734863}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2934107797","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62072264","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3164234246","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019M651015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5046985145","display_name":"\u9762\u5411\u591a\u8bed\u6cd5\u8bed\u4e49\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u5f02\u5e38\u68c0\u6d4b\u673a\u5236\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61902200","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5156750161","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019YFE0105500","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6365998414","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8eRPKI\u7684\u57df\u95f4\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u53ca\u90e8\u7f72\u4f18\u5316\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61772307","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6502765690","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB1800405","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":80,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W164902916","https://openalex.org/W167522204","https://openalex.org/W1540258466","https://openalex.org/W1965667542","https://openalex.org/W1969486090","https://openalex.org/W2000288463","https://openalex.org/W2002596422","https://openalex.org/W2026453187","https://openalex.org/W2039157918","https://openalex.org/W2079057609","https://openalex.org/W2115056012","https://openalex.org/W2123958887","https://openalex.org/W2125283600","https://openalex.org/W2130284530","https://openalex.org/W2145491441","https://openalex.org/W2150102617","https://openalex.org/W2153470728","https://openalex.org/W2214658311","https://openalex.org/W2345006530","https://openalex.org/W2401686019","https://openalex.org/W2522045620","https://openalex.org/W2527994611","https://openalex.org/W2537231727","https://openalex.org/W2560021099","https://openalex.org/W2583874385","https://openalex.org/W2626180518","https://openalex.org/W2729350029","https://openalex.org/W2736603383","https://openalex.org/W2748799640","https://openalex.org/W2754665629","https://openalex.org/W2766716602","https://openalex.org/W2767094836","https://openalex.org/W2768149277","https://openalex.org/W2785362611","https://openalex.org/W2786424616","https://openalex.org/W2794433597","https://openalex.org/W2795948303","https://openalex.org/W2807975761","https://openalex.org/W2813318576","https://openalex.org/W2883560233","https://openalex.org/W2886580136","https://openalex.org/W2899867782","https://openalex.org/W2905236934","https://openalex.org/W2911727988","https://openalex.org/W2913691358","https://openalex.org/W2918465401","https://openalex.org/W2919841582","https://openalex.org/W2943335249","https://openalex.org/W2947815220","https://openalex.org/W2948187549","https://openalex.org/W2963404486","https://openalex.org/W2963959132","https://openalex.org/W2963999143","https://openalex.org/W2965838158","https://openalex.org/W2972167384","https://openalex.org/W2990630613","https://openalex.org/W3006369183","https://openalex.org/W3006415742","https://openalex.org/W3011712950","https://openalex.org/W3041215671","https://openalex.org/W3047608117","https://openalex.org/W3089662691","https://openalex.org/W3090066802","https://openalex.org/W3098957257","https://openalex.org/W3100214273","https://openalex.org/W3100878553","https://openalex.org/W3101215053","https://openalex.org/W3110709587","https://openalex.org/W3150912106","https://openalex.org/W4385486483","https://openalex.org/W6606699393","https://openalex.org/W6606702763","https://openalex.org/W6632550495","https://openalex.org/W6681875376","https://openalex.org/W6712994927","https://openalex.org/W6717319918","https://openalex.org/W6729244039","https://openalex.org/W6740581982","https://openalex.org/W6752866192","https://openalex.org/W6763264048"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2898732673","https://openalex.org/W2410053581","https://openalex.org/W2383658677","https://openalex.org/W3123203398","https://openalex.org/W1569283511","https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W1972473893","https://openalex.org/W2466435674","https://openalex.org/W2765200542","https://openalex.org/W4236193183"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Logs":[0],"are":[1],"imperative":[2],"in":[3,105,134,151,166],"the":[4,28,101,111],"management":[5],"process":[6],"of":[7,40,103,113,173],"networks":[8],"and":[9,14,21,34,42,52,55,61,78,84,122,130,141,147,170],"services.":[10],"However,":[11],"manually":[12],"identifying":[13],"classifying":[15],"anomalous":[16,31,57,135,152],"logs":[17,41,58,104,121,140],"is":[18],"time-consuming,":[19],"error-prone,":[20],"labor-intensive.":[22],"Additionally,":[23],"rule-based":[24],"approaches":[25],"cannot":[26],"tackle":[27],"challenges":[29],"underlying":[30],"log":[32,125,136,153],"identification":[33,137],"classification":[35],"resulting":[36],"from":[37],"new":[38,171],"types":[39,172],"partial":[43,168],"labels.":[44],"We":[45,109],"propose":[46,91],"LogClass,":[47],"a":[48,72,76,85,92],"framework":[49],"to":[50,99,161],"automatically":[51],"robustly":[53],"identify":[54],"classify":[56],"for":[59],"network":[60],"service":[62],"based":[63,115],"on":[64,116,138],"<italic":[65],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[66],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">partial":[67],"labels</i>":[68],".":[69],"LogClass":[70,114],"combines":[71],"word":[73],"representation":[74],"method,":[75],"positive":[77],"unlabeled":[79],"learning":[80,87],"(PU":[81],"learning)":[82],"model,":[83],"machine":[86],"classifier.":[88],"Besides,":[89],"we":[90,156],"novel":[93],"Inverse":[94],"Location":[95],"Frequency":[96],"(ILF)":[97],"method":[98],"weight":[100],"words":[102],"feature":[106],"construction":[107],"properly.":[108],"evaluate":[110],"performance":[112,165],"18":[117],"million+":[118],"real-world":[119],"switch":[120,139],"six":[123],"public":[124],"datasets.":[126],"It":[127],"achieves":[128],"99.56%":[129],"98%":[131],"F1":[132,149],"scores":[133],"publicly":[142],"available":[143],"supercomputer":[144],"logs,":[145],"respectively,":[146],"very-close-to-one":[148],"score":[150],"classification.":[154],"Moreover,":[155],"have":[157],"conducted":[158],"extensive":[159],"experiments":[160],"demonstrate":[162],"LogClass\u2019":[163],"superior":[164],"addressing":[167],"labels":[169],"logs.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}