{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3014170817","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2020.3031573","title":"Spotting Political Social Bots in Twitter: A Use Case of the 2019 Spanish General Election","display_name":"Spotting Political Social Bots in Twitter: A Use Case of the 2019 Spanish General Election","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3014170817","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2020.3031573","mag":"3014170817"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2020.3031573","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2020.3031573","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073178538","display_name":"Javier Pastor-Galindo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4827-6682"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80180929","display_name":"Universidad de Murcia","ror":"https://ror.org/03p3aeb86","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Javier Pastor-Galindo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4827-6682","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043137792","display_name":"Mattia Zago","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5267-2392"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80180929","display_name":"Universidad de Murcia","ror":"https://ror.org/03p3aeb86","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mattia Zago","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5267-2392","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010368433","display_name":"Pantaleone Nespoli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4041-1205"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80180929","display_name":"Universidad de Murcia","ror":"https://ror.org/03p3aeb86","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pantaleone Nespoli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4041-1205","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049029315","display_name":"Sergio L\u00f3pez Bernal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1869-1965"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80180929","display_name":"Universidad de Murcia","ror":"https://ror.org/03p3aeb86","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sergio L\u00f3pez Bernal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1869-1965","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063531116","display_name":"Alberto Huertas Celdr\u00e1n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7125-1710"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7478328","display_name":"Waterford Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03ypxwh20","country_code":"IE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7478328"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alberto Huertas Celdr\u00e1n","raw_affiliation_strings":["Telecommunication Software and Systems Group, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford X91, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7125-1710","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Telecommunication Software and Systems Group, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford X91, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7478328"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033414840","display_name":"Manuel Gil P\u00e9rez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7768-9665"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80180929","display_name":"Universidad de Murcia","ror":"https://ror.org/03p3aeb86","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manuel Gil P\u00e9rez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7768-9665","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084666723","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 A. Ruip\u00e9rez\u2010Valiente","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2304-6365"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80180929","display_name":"Universidad de Murcia","ror":"https://ror.org/03p3aeb86","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 A. Ruip\u00e9rez-Valiente","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2304-6365","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059796926","display_name":"Gregorio Mart\u00ednez P\u00e9rez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5532-6604"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80180929","display_name":"Universidad de Murcia","ror":"https://ror.org/03p3aeb86","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregorio Mart\u00ednez P\u00e9rez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5532-6604","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018846193","display_name":"F\u00e9lix G\u00f3mez M\u00e1rmol","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6424-3322"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80180929","display_name":"Universidad de Murcia","ror":"https://ror.org/03p3aeb86","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F\u00e9lix G\u00f3mez M\u00e1rmol","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6424-3322","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80180929"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.4328,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98567951,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"4","first_page":"2156","last_page":"2170"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spotting","display_name":"Spotting","score":0.911177396774292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7326637506484985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politics","display_name":"Politics","score":0.6449690461158752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.5874924659729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microblogging","display_name":"Microblogging","score":0.4615059196949005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.4546738564968109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4532987177371979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.41961196064949036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.23658600449562073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.20661765336990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.09690463542938232}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779506182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7580141","display_name":"Spotting","level":2,"score":0.911177396774292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7326637506484985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.6449690461158752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.5874924659729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143275388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92438","display_name":"Microblogging","level":3,"score":0.4615059196949005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.4546738564968109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4532987177371979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.41961196064949036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.23658600449562073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.20661765336990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.09690463542938232}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2020.3031573","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2020.3031573","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.zora.uzh.ch:197665","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401281","display_name":"Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I202697423","host_organization_name":"University of Zurich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Pastor-Galindo, Javier; Zago, Mattia; Nespoli, Pantaleone; L\u00f3pez Bernal, Sergio; C\u00e9ldran, Alberto Huertas; P\u00e9rez, Manuel Gil; Ruip\u00e9rez-Valiente, Jos\u00e9 A; P\u00e9rez, Gregorio Mart\u00ednez; M\u00e1rmol, F\u00e9lix G\u00f3mez (2020). Spotting political social bots in Twitter: A use case of the 2019 Spanish general election. IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management, 1(1):1-2.","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2004.00931","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2004.00931","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2004.00931","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:4313194","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/4313194","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"doi:10.5167/uzh-197665","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-197665","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:www.zora.uzh.ch:197665","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401281","display_name":"Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I202697423","host_organization_name":"University of Zurich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Pastor-Galindo, Javier; Zago, Mattia; Nespoli, Pantaleone; L\u00f3pez Bernal, Sergio; C\u00e9ldran, Alberto Huertas; P\u00e9rez, Manuel Gil; Ruip\u00e9rez-Valiente, Jos\u00e9 A; P\u00e9rez, Gregorio Mart\u00ednez; M\u00e1rmol, F\u00e9lix G\u00f3mez (2020). Spotting political social bots in Twitter: A use case of the 2019 Spanish general election. IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management, 1(1):1-2.","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2079193221","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"INCIBEI-2015-27353","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327970","funder_display_name":"Instituto Nacional de Ciberseguridad"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5468327887","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FPU18/00304","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5885775271","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FJCI-2017-34926","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7822924292","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RYC-2015-18210","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8260561839","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GOIPD/2018/466","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321056","funder_display_name":"Irish Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321056","display_name":"Irish Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/051xex213"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322805","display_name":"Universidad de Murcia","ror":"https://ror.org/03p3aeb86"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327970","display_name":"Instituto Nacional de Ciberseguridad","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2028695285","https://openalex.org/W2044233129","https://openalex.org/W2044454135","https://openalex.org/W2059954772","https://openalex.org/W2065525345","https://openalex.org/W2122538209","https://openalex.org/W2177620970","https://openalex.org/W2318335518","https://openalex.org/W2595521492","https://openalex.org/W2740855839","https://openalex.org/W2759725717","https://openalex.org/W2772485650","https://openalex.org/W2788802649","https://openalex.org/W2789973986","https://openalex.org/W2799847632","https://openalex.org/W2801065096","https://openalex.org/W2837422613","https://openalex.org/W2898177168","https://openalex.org/W2903202239","https://openalex.org/W2907352650","https://openalex.org/W2953468243","https://openalex.org/W2962783931","https://openalex.org/W2963062084","https://openalex.org/W2963145442","https://openalex.org/W2963187903","https://openalex.org/W2965276008","https://openalex.org/W2969865156","https://openalex.org/W2970610561","https://openalex.org/W2970908863","https://openalex.org/W2971881481","https://openalex.org/W2973420762","https://openalex.org/W2977718410","https://openalex.org/W2981271629","https://openalex.org/W3000208506","https://openalex.org/W3004185089","https://openalex.org/W3018236601","https://openalex.org/W3044250416","https://openalex.org/W3106311261","https://openalex.org/W3123655755","https://openalex.org/W3123948795","https://openalex.org/W3209532409","https://openalex.org/W3211616085","https://openalex.org/W4206711400","https://openalex.org/W4242048916","https://openalex.org/W6767384637","https://openalex.org/W6803643956"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2728430307","https://openalex.org/W2107786128","https://openalex.org/W2053241453","https://openalex.org/W2153980712","https://openalex.org/W2537388533","https://openalex.org/W2036556872","https://openalex.org/W2017590198","https://openalex.org/W2978974359","https://openalex.org/W2021183651","https://openalex.org/W2353191283"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"social":[1,51,73],"media":[2],"has":[3,26],"been":[4,27],"proved":[5],"as":[6,30,72],"an":[7],"exceptionally":[8],"useful":[9],"tool":[10],"to":[11,32],"interact":[12],"with":[13],"other":[14],"people":[15],"and":[16,18,36,48,77,89,92,98],"massively":[17],"quickly":[19],"spread":[20],"helpful":[21],"information,":[22],"its":[23],"great":[24],"potential":[25],"ill-intentionally":[28],"leveraged":[29],"well":[31],"distort":[33],"political":[34,96,126],"elections":[35],"manipulate":[37],"constituents.":[38],"In":[39],"this":[40],"article":[41],"at":[42],"hand,":[43],"we":[44,68],"analyzed":[45],"the":[46,56,59,101,118,123],"presence":[47],"behavior":[49],"of":[50,58,86,112,122],"bots":[52,74,114],"on":[53],"Twitter":[54],"in":[55,117],"context":[57],"November":[60],"2019":[61],"Spanish":[62],"general":[63],"election.":[64],"Throughout":[65],"our":[66],"study,":[67],"classified":[69],"involved":[70],"users":[71],"or":[75],"humans,":[76],"examined":[78],"their":[79],"interactions":[80],"from":[81],"a":[82,109],"quantitative":[83],"(i.e.,":[84,94],"amount":[85,111],"traffic":[87],"generated":[88],"existing":[90],"relations)":[91],"qualitative":[93],"user's":[95],"affinity":[97],"sentiment":[99],"towards":[100],"most":[102],"important":[103],"parties)":[104],"perspectives.":[105],"Results":[106],"demonstrated":[107],"that":[108],"non-negligible":[110],"those":[113],"actively":[115],"participated":[116],"election,":[119],"supporting":[120],"each":[121],"five":[124],"principal":[125],"parties.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
