{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2950106943","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2019.2923881","title":"Greener RAN Operation Through Machine Learning","display_name":"Greener RAN Operation Through Machine Learning","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2950106943","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2019.2923881","mag":"2950106943"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2019.2923881","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2019.2923881","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030052724","display_name":"Greta Vallero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-231X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Politecnico di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Greta Vallero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004796693","display_name":"Daniela Renga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6747-3919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Politecnico di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniela Renga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065722419","display_name":"Michela Meo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7403-6266"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Politecnico di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michela Meo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033827359","display_name":"Marco Ajmone Marsan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9560-7053"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Politecnico di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Ajmone Marsan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030052724"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8954,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91273461,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"3","first_page":"896","last_page":"908"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8036043643951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.6530251502990723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-mode","display_name":"Sleep mode","score":0.6168411374092102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.6053557395935059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.543681800365448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.5192870497703552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.47651588916778564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4751960039138794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3832692801952362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3539935350418091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3517163097858429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.340045690536499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.1414569914340973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.11888167262077332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09986481070518494}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8036043643951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.6530251502990723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57149124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q587346","display_name":"Sleep mode","level":4,"score":0.6168411374092102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.6053557395935059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.543681800365448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5192870497703552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.47651588916778564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4751960039138794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3832692801952362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3539935350418091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3517163097858429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.340045690536499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.1414569914340973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.11888167262077332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09986481070518494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2019.2923881","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2019.2923881","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W559983659","https://openalex.org/W1574038117","https://openalex.org/W1591682846","https://openalex.org/W1964202936","https://openalex.org/W1966164303","https://openalex.org/W1983307255","https://openalex.org/W1985591879","https://openalex.org/W1996102080","https://openalex.org/W1998443820","https://openalex.org/W2017528563","https://openalex.org/W2039922737","https://openalex.org/W2068915275","https://openalex.org/W2071831678","https://openalex.org/W2084000272","https://openalex.org/W2108758608","https://openalex.org/W2116048577","https://openalex.org/W2169741605","https://openalex.org/W2182504547","https://openalex.org/W2267892440","https://openalex.org/W2327455150","https://openalex.org/W2401147713","https://openalex.org/W2520320748","https://openalex.org/W2529387709","https://openalex.org/W2538468168","https://openalex.org/W2561621593","https://openalex.org/W2607339923","https://openalex.org/W2610853759","https://openalex.org/W2611075316","https://openalex.org/W2766808863","https://openalex.org/W2783406606","https://openalex.org/W2788286587","https://openalex.org/W2790759932","https://openalex.org/W2794448912","https://openalex.org/W2886244115","https://openalex.org/W2894393199","https://openalex.org/W2907637692","https://openalex.org/W2950066504","https://openalex.org/W3098476189","https://openalex.org/W3099772707","https://openalex.org/W3102296890","https://openalex.org/W3149669411","https://openalex.org/W4236518304","https://openalex.org/W6654727629","https://openalex.org/W6748582392"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961666871","https://openalex.org/W2036198858","https://openalex.org/W2030588171","https://openalex.org/W3209237170","https://openalex.org/W4384067648","https://openalex.org/W1980566518","https://openalex.org/W4309156054","https://openalex.org/W2545824446","https://openalex.org/W4385668095","https://openalex.org/W2057306046"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,107],"use":[1],"of":[2,10,18,22,36,45,57,71,127,171,181,189,223,238],"base":[3],"station":[4],"(BS)":[5],"sleep":[6,37,58],"modes":[7,38,59],"is":[8,39,50,74,88],"one":[9,77],"the":[11,16,19,32,42,46,55,104,116,125,132,143,172,187,212,221,224,230,234],"most":[12],"studied":[13],"approaches":[14,65,215],"for":[15,66,220],"reduction":[17],"energy":[20,34,97,134,153,161,183],"consumption":[21,154],"radio":[23],"access":[24],"networks":[25],"(RANs).":[26],"Many":[27],"papers":[28],"have":[29],"shown":[30],"that":[31,142,160,168,177,196,202,227],"potential":[33],"saving":[35,184],"huge,":[40],"provided":[41],"future":[43],"behavior":[44],"RAN":[47,73],"traffic":[48,67,166,208,235],"load":[49],"known.":[51],"This":[52,122,175],"paper":[53,123],"investigates":[54],"effectiveness":[56],"combined":[60],"with":[61,96],"machine":[62],"learning":[63],"(ML)":[64],"forecast.":[68],"A":[69],"portion":[70],"an":[72],"considered,":[75],"comprising":[76],"macro":[78],"BS":[79,87],"and":[80,100,110,136,155,201,241],"a":[81,91,101,178,193,217],"few":[82],"small":[83],"cell":[84],"BSs.":[85],"Each":[86],"powered":[89],"by":[90],"photovoltaic":[92],"(PV)":[93],"panel,":[94],"equipped":[95],"storage":[98],"units,":[99],"connection":[102],"to":[103,206,233,242],"power":[105,117],"grid.":[106],"PV":[108],"panel":[109],"battery":[111],"provide":[112,216],"green":[113],"energy,":[114],"while":[115],"grid":[118],"provides":[119],"brown":[120],"energy.":[121],"examines":[124],"impacts":[126],"different":[128],"prediction":[129],"models":[130],"on":[131,137,165],"consumed":[133],"mix":[135],"QoS.":[138,156],"Numerical":[139],"results":[140],"show":[141,159],"considered":[144,173],"ML":[145,190,214],"algorithms":[146],"succeed":[147],"in":[148],"achieving":[149],"effective":[150],"trade-offs":[151],"between":[152],"Results":[157],"also":[158],"savings":[162],"strongly":[163],"depend":[164],"patterns":[167],"are":[169],"typical":[170,237],"area.":[174],"implies":[176],"widespread":[179],"implementation":[180,222],"these":[182],"strategies":[185],"without":[186],"support":[188],"would":[191],"require":[192],"careful":[194],"tuning":[195],"cannot":[197],"be":[198],"performed":[199],"autonomously":[200],"needs":[203],"continuous":[204],"updates":[205],"follow":[207],"pattern":[209],"variations.":[210],"On":[211],"contrary,":[213],"versatile":[218],"framework":[219],"desired":[225],"trade-off":[226],"naturally":[228],"adapts":[229],"network":[231],"operation":[232],"characteristics":[236],"each":[239],"area":[240],"its":[243],"evolution.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
