{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7117461601","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2025.3649043","title":"UAV Detection and Localization: A RF-Based Framework via Multiple Stations Collaboration","display_name":"UAV Detection and Localization: A RF-Based Framework via Multiple Stations Collaboration","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7117461601","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2025.3649043"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnse.2025.3649043","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2025.3649043","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484352698","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","issn_l":"2327-4697","issn":["2327-4697","2334-329X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001968310","display_name":"Tianhao Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3628-364X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158809036","display_name":"Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03wrf9427","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158809036"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tianhao Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aerospace Communication and Networking Technology, School of Information Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aerospace Communication and Networking Technology, School of Information Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158809036"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114219765","display_name":"Mu Jia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158809036","display_name":"Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03wrf9427","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158809036"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mu Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute (FNii-Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute (FNii-Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158809036"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100329653","display_name":"Tingting Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2585-0290"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158809036","display_name":"Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03wrf9427","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158809036"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tingting Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aerospace Communication and Networking Technology, School of Information Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aerospace Communication and Networking Technology, School of Information Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158809036"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104240199","display_name":"Junting Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158809036","display_name":"Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03wrf9427","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158809036"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junting Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute (FNii-Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute (FNii-Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158809036"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005427216","display_name":"Longyu Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7702-3193"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152815399","display_name":"Singapore University of Technology and Design","ror":"https://ror.org/05j6fvn87","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Longyu Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information System Technology and Design, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information System Technology and Design, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121328642","display_name":"Tony Q. S. Quek","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152815399","display_name":"Singapore University of Technology and Design","ror":"https://ror.org/05j6fvn87","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tony Q. S. Quek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information System Technology and Design Pillar, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information System Technology and Design Pillar, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121515262","display_name":"Pooi-Yuen Kam","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158809036","display_name":"Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03wrf9427","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158809036"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pooi-Yuen Kam","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute (FNii-Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute (FNii-Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158809036"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001968310"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158809036"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79018436,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"5736","last_page":"5751"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9544000029563904,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9544000029563904,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.02539999969303608,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.008200000040233135,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.6136999726295471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5819000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5662999749183655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5016000270843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.45260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constant-false-alarm-rate","display_name":"Constant false alarm rate","score":0.42590001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.4153999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"Resource allocation","score":0.4108999967575073}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7148000001907349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.6136999726295471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5819000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5662999749183655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5516999959945679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5016000270843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.45260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77052588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q644307","display_name":"Constant false alarm rate","level":2,"score":0.42590001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4153999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.4108999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59519942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650665","display_name":"Drone","level":2,"score":0.41029998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3862999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776836416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364844","display_name":"False alarm","level":2,"score":0.3847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.31380000710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32283439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1407014","display_name":"Radar tracker","level":3,"score":0.29750001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C506615639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21662260","display_name":"Command and control","level":2,"score":0.2946999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.2896000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.28610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.2660999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2651999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193254401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2160088","display_name":"Robust optimization","level":2,"score":0.26499998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.26269999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166961238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221395","display_name":"Air traffic control","level":2,"score":0.25699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.25450000166893005}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnse.2025.3649043","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2025.3649043","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484352698","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","issn_l":"2327-4697","issn":["2327-4697","2334-329X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.5161264538764954}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":85,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522495921","https://openalex.org/W2075001236","https://openalex.org/W2083506609","https://openalex.org/W2153594606","https://openalex.org/W2156668452","https://openalex.org/W2171576754","https://openalex.org/W2238394037","https://openalex.org/W2422489187","https://openalex.org/W2479943616","https://openalex.org/W2518940045","https://openalex.org/W2520732447","https://openalex.org/W2626144274","https://openalex.org/W2763620589","https://openalex.org/W2795482375","https://openalex.org/W2800229517","https://openalex.org/W2883152037","https://openalex.org/W2889344645","https://openalex.org/W2901567850","https://openalex.org/W2919541451","https://openalex.org/W2943006550","https://openalex.org/W2945596130","https://openalex.org/W2949429068","https://openalex.org/W2964029185","https://openalex.org/W2999467118","https://openalex.org/W3006437996","https://openalex.org/W3040834102","https://openalex.org/W3042876727","https://openalex.org/W3072033075","https://openalex.org/W3091008098","https://openalex.org/W3094147817","https://openalex.org/W3098665334","https://openalex.org/W3110682721","https://openalex.org/W3167450743","https://openalex.org/W3167534685","https://openalex.org/W3170031381","https://openalex.org/W3170748296","https://openalex.org/W3172683300","https://openalex.org/W3178931055","https://openalex.org/W3200166643","https://openalex.org/W3203702019","https://openalex.org/W3205100603","https://openalex.org/W3214880027","https://openalex.org/W4200137042","https://openalex.org/W4200604818","https://openalex.org/W4206106134","https://openalex.org/W4210479507","https://openalex.org/W4210782147","https://openalex.org/W4292230903","https://openalex.org/W4293208244","https://openalex.org/W4317419776","https://openalex.org/W4362653069","https://openalex.org/W4376605537","https://openalex.org/W4382568105","https://openalex.org/W4387415366","https://openalex.org/W4387491074","https://openalex.org/W4388080672","https://openalex.org/W4389545310","https://openalex.org/W4392979396","https://openalex.org/W4393405282","https://openalex.org/W4399206021","https://openalex.org/W4400276095","https://openalex.org/W4400276441","https://openalex.org/W4400644893","https://openalex.org/W4400646777","https://openalex.org/W4401362594","https://openalex.org/W4401880014","https://openalex.org/W4402167566","https://openalex.org/W4402673895","https://openalex.org/W4403420942","https://openalex.org/W4403534159","https://openalex.org/W4404469396","https://openalex.org/W4404563158","https://openalex.org/W4405232213","https://openalex.org/W4407403874","https://openalex.org/W4407574751","https://openalex.org/W4408611700","https://openalex.org/W4408702337","https://openalex.org/W4409985101","https://openalex.org/W4410493004","https://openalex.org/W4410537872","https://openalex.org/W4410852594","https://openalex.org/W4414155281","https://openalex.org/W4414229537","https://openalex.org/W4414463166","https://openalex.org/W4417438566"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,58],"rapid":[1],"growth":[2],"of":[3,16,164],"the":[4,14,112,150,155,162,168,192],"low-altitude":[5,194],"economy":[6],"has":[7],"resulted":[8],"in":[9,13,108,191],"a":[10,43,62,70,79,92,120,184],"significant":[11],"increase":[12],"number":[15],"low,":[17],"slow,":[18],"and":[19,33,48,104,123],"small":[20],"(LSS)":[21],"unmanned":[22],"aerial":[23],"vehicles":[24],"(UAVs),":[25],"raising":[26],"critical":[27],"challenges":[28],"for":[29,65,187],"secure":[30],"airspace":[31,189],"management":[32],"reliable":[34],"trajectory":[35],"planning.":[36],"To":[37],"address":[38],"this,":[39],"this":[40],"paper":[41],"proposes":[42],"cooperative":[44],"radio-frequency":[45],"(RF)":[46],"detection":[47],"localization":[49,106,132],"framework":[50],"that":[51,141],"leverages":[52],"existing":[53],"cellular":[54],"base":[55],"stations":[56],"(BSs).":[57],"proposed":[59,169],"approach":[60],"features":[61],"robust":[63],"scheme":[64],"LSS":[66],"target":[67],"identification,":[68],"integrating":[69],"cell":[71],"averaging-constant":[72],"false":[73],"alarm":[74],"rate":[75],"(CA-CFAR)":[76],"detector":[77],"with":[78,97],"micro-":[80],"Doppler":[81],"signature":[82],"(MDS)":[83],"based":[84],"recognition":[85],"method.":[86],"Multi-station":[87],"measurements":[88],"are":[89],"fused":[90],"through":[91],"grid-based":[93],"probabilistic":[94],"algorithm":[95],"combined":[96],"clustering":[98],"techniques,":[99],"effectively":[100],"mitigating":[101],"ghost":[102],"targets":[103],"improving":[105],"accuracy":[107,133,175],"multi-UAV":[109],"scenarios.":[110],"Furthermore,":[111,167],"Cramer-Rao":[113],"lower":[114],"bound":[115],"(CRLB)":[116],"is":[117,128],"derived":[118],"as":[119,183],"performance":[121],"benchmark":[122],"reinforcement":[124],"learning":[125],"(RL)-based":[126],"optimization":[127,171],"employed":[129],"to":[130,145,153],"balance":[131],"against":[134],"involved":[135],"BS":[136],"number.":[137],"Simulation":[138],"results":[139],"demonstrate":[140],"increasing":[142],"from":[143],"one":[144],"multiple":[146],"BSs":[147],"can":[148,172],"reduce":[149],"positioning":[151],"error":[152],"near":[154],"CRLB,":[156],"while":[157,176],"practical":[158],"experiments":[159],"further":[160],"verify":[161],"effectiveness":[163],"our":[165],"framework.":[166],"RL-based":[170],"maintain":[173],"high":[174],"minimizing":[177],"resource":[178],"usage,":[179],"highlighting":[180],"its":[181],"potential":[182],"scalable":[185],"solution":[186],"ensuring":[188],"safety":[190],"emerging":[193],"economy.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-12-29T00:00:00"}
