{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410887647","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2025.3575271","title":"MRMH: Multi-Constraint Routing Optimization Using Hybrid Metaheuristics in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks","display_name":"MRMH: Multi-Constraint Routing Optimization Using Hybrid Metaheuristics in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410887647","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2025.3575271"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnse.2025.3575271","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2025.3575271","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484352698","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","issn_l":"2327-4697","issn":["2327-4697","2334-329X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003061849","display_name":"Ankur Nahar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9996-1167"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4403928229","display_name":"Plaksha University","ror":"https://ror.org/01752qx54","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4403928229"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ankur Nahar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Plaksha University, Mohali, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Plaksha University, Mohali, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4403928229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085249491","display_name":"Himani Sikarwar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4754-3806"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Himani Sikarwar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shiv Nadar IoE, Delhi NCR, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shiv Nadar IoE, Delhi NCR, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029519822","display_name":"Debasis Das","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6205-4096"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154549908","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03yacj906","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154549908"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Debasis Das","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, IIT Jodhpur, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, IIT Jodhpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154549908"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032787307","display_name":"Sudip Misra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2467-6414"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sudip Misra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003061849"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4403928229"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14898961,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9857000112533569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9818999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6909379959106445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","score":0.6873337030410767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaheuristic","display_name":"Metaheuristic","score":0.6529879570007324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.5242017507553101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.5071966648101807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimized-link-state-routing-protocol","display_name":"Optimized Link State Routing Protocol","score":0.5049517750740051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.46836555004119873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.35567307472229004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.32021570205688477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.18945768475532532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15551194548606873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07807841897010803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.07563009858131409}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6909379959106445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94523657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.6873337030410767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109718341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385229","display_name":"Metaheuristic","level":2,"score":0.6529879570007324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.5242017507553101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.5071966648101807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204739117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1368373","display_name":"Optimized Link State Routing Protocol","level":4,"score":0.5049517750740051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.46836555004119873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.35567307472229004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.32021570205688477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.18945768475532532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15551194548606873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07807841897010803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.07563009858131409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnse.2025.3575271","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2025.3575271","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484352698","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","issn_l":"2327-4697","issn":["2327-4697","2334-329X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.4000000059604645}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1989750313","https://openalex.org/W2061438946","https://openalex.org/W2169245194","https://openalex.org/W2209714802","https://openalex.org/W2308236655","https://openalex.org/W2345827752","https://openalex.org/W2547937424","https://openalex.org/W2559395348","https://openalex.org/W2750755320","https://openalex.org/W2782513934","https://openalex.org/W2793643983","https://openalex.org/W2799840412","https://openalex.org/W2900019936","https://openalex.org/W2903924498","https://openalex.org/W2923122919","https://openalex.org/W2924354689","https://openalex.org/W2941129371","https://openalex.org/W2947835585","https://openalex.org/W2965320280","https://openalex.org/W3015615481","https://openalex.org/W3043482544","https://openalex.org/W3128703869","https://openalex.org/W3157736614","https://openalex.org/W3170343207","https://openalex.org/W3190835857","https://openalex.org/W3215261403","https://openalex.org/W4206045389","https://openalex.org/W4214818321","https://openalex.org/W4214878346","https://openalex.org/W4283025579","https://openalex.org/W4293731203","https://openalex.org/W4296182863","https://openalex.org/W4296516129","https://openalex.org/W4309185062","https://openalex.org/W4313594927","https://openalex.org/W4316193345","https://openalex.org/W4318475954","https://openalex.org/W4320732085","https://openalex.org/W4323318876","https://openalex.org/W4353051286","https://openalex.org/W4362585797","https://openalex.org/W4375929169","https://openalex.org/W4381191805","https://openalex.org/W4386575393"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2789681586","https://openalex.org/W2534426475","https://openalex.org/W3135686529","https://openalex.org/W2153465785","https://openalex.org/W2107809065","https://openalex.org/W2348856842","https://openalex.org/W2060613440","https://openalex.org/W2171926540","https://openalex.org/W1997350652","https://openalex.org/W4317418805"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Advancements":[0],"in":[1,23,70,99,121,135,173],"Vehicular":[2],"Ad-Hoc":[3],"Networks":[4],"(VANETs)":[5],"are":[6,164],"crucial":[7],"for":[8,61],"the":[9,17,29,40,92,117],"next":[10],"generation":[11],"of":[12,19,42,119],"intelligent":[13],"transportation":[14],"systems.":[15],"Addressing":[16],"complexities":[18],"routing":[20],"and":[21,47,74,86,96,113,157],"clustering":[22],"these":[24],"networks,":[25],"our":[26],"research":[27],"introduces":[28],"Multi-constraint":[30],"Routing":[31],"Mechanism":[32],"using":[33],"Hybridization":[34],"(MRMH).":[35],"This":[36],"approach":[37,85],"innovatively":[38],"combines":[39],"strengths":[41],"Grey":[43],"Wolf":[44],"Optimization":[45],"(GWO)":[46],"Sequential":[48],"Quadratic":[49],"Programming":[50],"(SQP).":[51],"While":[52],"GWO":[53],"is":[54,64],"adept":[55],"at":[56],"global":[57],"search,":[58],"its":[59],"tendency":[60],"premature":[62],"convergence":[63,158],"effectively":[65],"countered":[66],"by":[67,166],"SQP's":[68],"excellence":[69],"nonlinear":[71,88],"constraint":[72],"management":[73],"local":[75],"optimization.":[76,101],"MRMH":[77,120],"further":[78],"benefits":[79],"from":[80,126],"a":[81,87],"novel":[82],"weighted":[83],"distance":[84,112],"decay":[89],"formulation,":[90],"enhancing":[91],"balance":[93],"between":[94],"exploration":[95],"exploitation":[97],"phases":[98],"VANET":[100,108],"Our":[102],"fitness":[103],"function,":[104],"designed":[105],"around":[106],"essential":[107],"metrics":[109],"like":[110],"inter-cluster":[111],"vehicle":[114],"orientation,":[115],"ensures":[116],"applicability":[118],"real-world":[122],"scenarios.":[123],"Empirical":[124],"results":[125],"extensive":[127],"simulations":[128],"exhibit":[129],"MRMH's":[130,171],"superiority,":[131],"showing":[132],"significant":[133],"improvements":[134],"key":[136],"performance":[137],"indicators":[138],"such":[139],"as":[140],"transmission":[141],"delay":[142],"(16%":[143],"reduction),":[144],"packet":[145],"delivery":[146],"ratio":[147],"(12%":[148],"increase),":[149,152],"throughput":[150],"(18%":[151],"cluster":[153],"stability":[154],"(23%":[155],"improvement),":[156],"rate":[159],"(11%":[160],"increase).":[161],"These":[162],"findings":[163],"backed":[165],"rigorous":[167],"statistical":[168],"analyses,":[169],"confirming":[170],"potential":[172],"VANETs.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}