{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408323759","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2025.3549777","title":"Connectivity Determination Algorithm for Complex Directed Networks","display_name":"Connectivity Determination Algorithm for Complex Directed Networks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408323759","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2025.3549777"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnse.2025.3549777","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2025.3549777","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484352698","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","issn_l":"2327-4697","issn":["2327-4697","2334-329X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104222861","display_name":"Zhiyi Zhong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyi Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong","Department of Computer Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100342072","display_name":"Lin Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1632-6921"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong","Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002952964","display_name":"Zhihan Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4857-7143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhihan Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001917503","display_name":"Xin Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5056-171X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5681781","display_name":"The University of Adelaide","ror":"https://ror.org/00892tw58","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077317339","display_name":"Edith C.\u2010H. Ngai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3454-8731"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edith C.H. Ngai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038930344","display_name":"James Lam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0294-0640"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Lam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong","Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049212334","display_name":"Ka\u2010Wai Kwok","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1879-9730"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ka-Wai Kwok","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5104222861"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2588,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93491033,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"4","first_page":"2512","last_page":"2523"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9689000248908997,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9689000248908997,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9617999792098999,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5964149832725525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complex-network","display_name":"Complex network","score":0.47250163555145264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4500404894351959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.32062578201293945}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5964149832725525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34947359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q665189","display_name":"Complex network","level":2,"score":0.47250163555145264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4500404894351959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.32062578201293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnse.2025.3549777","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2025.3549777","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484352698","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","issn_l":"2327-4697","issn":["2327-4697","2334-329X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:hub.hku.hk:10722/358227","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hub.hku.hk/handle/10722/358227","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196271","display_name":"The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","host_organization_name":"University of Hong Kong","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1104027219","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62273286","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321920","display_name":"Innovation and Technology Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/04vf9tr09"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1916462593","https://openalex.org/W1940227326","https://openalex.org/W1965021403","https://openalex.org/W1969785549","https://openalex.org/W1971421925","https://openalex.org/W1997174693","https://openalex.org/W2002873008","https://openalex.org/W2028782479","https://openalex.org/W2039533720","https://openalex.org/W2052032575","https://openalex.org/W2070207525","https://openalex.org/W2115782725","https://openalex.org/W2118382442","https://openalex.org/W2157947216","https://openalex.org/W2164727176","https://openalex.org/W2175110005","https://openalex.org/W2295717447","https://openalex.org/W2799280827","https://openalex.org/W3016898642","https://openalex.org/W3112724762","https://openalex.org/W3132683945","https://openalex.org/W3160984099","https://openalex.org/W3191290908","https://openalex.org/W4207047055","https://openalex.org/W4220931132","https://openalex.org/W4292826023","https://openalex.org/W4296705755","https://openalex.org/W4312512934","https://openalex.org/W4312574125","https://openalex.org/W4313627870","https://openalex.org/W4366503402","https://openalex.org/W4366668269","https://openalex.org/W4376607863","https://openalex.org/W4377231464","https://openalex.org/W4387831821","https://openalex.org/W4390871482","https://openalex.org/W4390871538"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2073681303","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Connectivity":[0],"characterizes":[1],"the":[2,58,76,120,134,141,154,160,177,180],"ability":[3],"of":[4,71,79,122,136,144,156,162,179],"information":[5],"transmission":[6],"in":[7,146,151],"systems":[8],"modeled":[9],"by":[10,41],"complex":[11,72,80],"networks.":[12,74],"It":[13],"is":[14,39,83],"essential":[15],"to":[16,45,56,99,175],"develop":[17],"an":[18,88,170],"efficient":[19],"connectivity":[20,36,70,101],"determination":[21,37,102],"algorithm":[22,38,44,61,92,181],"with":[23,140],"low":[24],"time":[25],"complexity":[26,106],"and":[27,50,68,85,169],"minimal":[28],"storage":[29],"requirements.":[30],"To":[31],"fulfill":[32],"this":[33,91],"need,":[34],"a":[35,52,166],"designed":[40],"incorporating":[42],"Tarjan's":[43],"identify":[46],"strongly":[47],"connected":[48],"components":[49],"leveraging":[51],"depth-first":[53,97],"search":[54],"idea":[55],"traverse":[57],"reachability.":[59],"This":[60],"can":[62],"ascertain":[63],"strong":[64],"connectivity,":[65,67],"unilateral":[66],"weak":[69],"directed":[73,81,147],"Besides,":[75],"accessibility":[77],"matrix":[78],"networks":[82,131],"computed":[84],"visualized":[86],"through":[87],"interface.":[89],"As":[90],"relies":[93],"on":[94,128],"only":[95],"two":[96],"searches":[98],"accomplish":[100],"tasks,":[103],"its":[104],"computational":[105],"does":[107],"not":[108],"exceed":[109],"<inline-formula":[110,115],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[111,116],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><tex-math":[112,117],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$O(n^{2})$</tex-math></inline-formula>,":[113],"where":[114],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$n$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[118],"denotes":[119],"number":[121,143,161],"network":[123,137],"nodes.":[124],"Experiments":[125],"carried":[126],"out":[127],"some":[129],"specific":[130],"reveal":[132],"that":[133],"probability":[135],"connections":[138,157],"decreases":[139],"increasing":[142],"nodes":[145,163],"injective":[148],"graphs,":[149,153],"while":[150],"Erd\u0151s\u2013R\u00e9nyi":[152],"likelihood":[155],"increases":[158],"as":[159],"increases.":[164],"Finally,":[165],"comparative":[167],"example":[168,172],"application":[171],"are":[173],"provided":[174],"demonstrate":[176],"effectiveness":[178],"program.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}