{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407406480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2025.3540993","title":"Dynamic Event-Triggered Optimal Control for Heterogeneous Vehicle Platoon Based on Integral Reinforcement Learning","display_name":"Dynamic Event-Triggered Optimal Control for Heterogeneous Vehicle Platoon Based on Integral Reinforcement Learning","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407406480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2025.3540993"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnse.2025.3540993","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2025.3540993","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484352698","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","issn_l":"2327-4697","issn":["2327-4697","2334-329X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100427645","display_name":"Yongming Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1789-8278"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898894","display_name":"Liaoning University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05ay23762","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2898894"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongming Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Science, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, China","College of Science, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1789-8278","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Science, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898894"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Science, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898894"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104175440","display_name":"Ying Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1346-7864"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898894","display_name":"Liaoning University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05ay23762","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2898894"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Science, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, China","College of Science, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1346-7864","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Science, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898894"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Science, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898894"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082967742","display_name":"Kewen Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0925-3314"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898894","display_name":"Liaoning University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05ay23762","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2898894"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kewen Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Science, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, China","College of Science, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0925-3314","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Science, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898894"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Science, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898894"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898894"],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.7504,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96657655,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"3","first_page":"1885","last_page":"1897"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14011","display_name":"Elevator Systems and Control","score":0.9616000056266785,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/platoon","display_name":"Platoon","score":0.9167458415031433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.6951727271080017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.5704942345619202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5452932715415955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-dynamics","display_name":"Vehicle dynamics","score":0.5077146291732788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimal-control","display_name":"Optimal control","score":0.4974222481250763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.43466681241989136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.4177160859107971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.319082647562027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.17319846153259277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1646706461906433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.16062957048416138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.13792634010314941}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061967","display_name":"Platoon","level":3,"score":0.9167458415031433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.6951727271080017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5704942345619202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5452932715415955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79487989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q934680","display_name":"Vehicle dynamics","level":2,"score":0.5077146291732788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91575142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1971426","display_name":"Optimal control","level":2,"score":0.4974222481250763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.43466681241989136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.4177160859107971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.319082647562027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.17319846153259277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1646706461906433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.16062957048416138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.13792634010314941}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnse.2025.3540993","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2025.3540993","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484352698","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","issn_l":"2327-4697","issn":["2327-4697","2334-329X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6014625474","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U22A2043","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7007359228","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62403222","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1578630563","https://openalex.org/W1893231619","https://openalex.org/W2081514674","https://openalex.org/W2085194340","https://openalex.org/W2108383324","https://openalex.org/W2134771009","https://openalex.org/W2582814342","https://openalex.org/W2593159012","https://openalex.org/W2903538495","https://openalex.org/W2921436962","https://openalex.org/W2951547513","https://openalex.org/W2970278946","https://openalex.org/W2981047237","https://openalex.org/W3007045120","https://openalex.org/W3037743216","https://openalex.org/W3044038295","https://openalex.org/W3045873373","https://openalex.org/W3045930817","https://openalex.org/W3049644873","https://openalex.org/W3132986764","https://openalex.org/W3159132088","https://openalex.org/W3193406543","https://openalex.org/W3195698616","https://openalex.org/W4225576514","https://openalex.org/W4285149346","https://openalex.org/W4313184546","https://openalex.org/W4316876944","https://openalex.org/W4324292096","https://openalex.org/W4378697081","https://openalex.org/W4385194835","https://openalex.org/W4387517530","https://openalex.org/W4388579655","https://openalex.org/W4389252795","https://openalex.org/W4391243935","https://openalex.org/W4401507514"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4286572054","https://openalex.org/W2555207388","https://openalex.org/W3171462553","https://openalex.org/W2163875247","https://openalex.org/W4389544977","https://openalex.org/W4388855948","https://openalex.org/W4385236313","https://openalex.org/W3006156193","https://openalex.org/W3109067418","https://openalex.org/W2143852632"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,24,27,37,41,71,78,83,91,94,102,126,129],"issue":[4],"of":[5,40,73,128],"data-based":[6],"distributed":[7,57],"optimal":[8,59,85,131],"control":[9,25,60,86,132],"for":[10],"third-order":[11],"heterogeneous":[12],"vehicle":[13],"platoon":[14],"system":[15,96,104],"(HVPS)":[16],"with":[17,45],"input":[18],"saturation":[19],"under":[20],"switching":[21],"topology.":[22],"In":[23,115],"design,":[26],"integral":[28],"reinforcement":[29],"learning":[30],"(IRL)":[31],"algorithm":[32,50],"is":[33,62,137],"used":[34],"to":[35,124],"learn":[36],"online":[38],"solution":[39],"Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman":[42],"(HJB)":[43],"equation":[44],"unknown":[46],"dynamics.":[47],"Combining":[48],"IRL":[49],"and":[51,77,109],"critic":[52],"neural":[53],"network":[54],"(CNN),":[55],"a":[56,134],"adaptive":[58],"approach":[61],"designed":[63],"based":[64],"on":[65],"dynamic":[66],"event-triggered":[67],"(DET)":[68],"mechanism.":[69],"By":[70],"aid":[72],"topology-dependent":[74],"Lyapunov":[75],"function":[76],"average":[79],"dwell":[80],"time":[81],"method,":[82],"developed":[84,130],"method":[87],"demonstrates":[88],"that":[89],"all":[90],"signals":[92],"in":[93],"considered":[95],"are":[97],"uniformly":[98],"ultimately":[99],"bounded":[100],"(UUB),":[101],"closed-loop":[103],"can":[105,112,119],"achieve":[106],"Nash":[107],"equilibrium":[108],"string":[110],"stability":[111],"be":[113,121],"ensured.":[114],"addition,":[116],"Zeno":[117],"behavior":[118],"also":[120],"avoided.":[122],"Finally,":[123],"illustrate":[125],"effectiveness":[127],"approach,":[133],"simulation":[135],"example":[136],"given.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}