{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396877810","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2024.3391382","title":"Hierarchical Aerial Computing for Task Offloading and Resource Allocation in 6G-Enabled Vehicular Networks","display_name":"Hierarchical Aerial Computing for Task Offloading and Resource Allocation in 6G-Enabled Vehicular Networks","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396877810","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2024.3391382"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnse.2024.3391382","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2024.3391382","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484352698","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","issn_l":"2327-4697","issn":["2327-4697","2334-329X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004626105","display_name":"Rui Men","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4429-3461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131919","display_name":"Xi'an University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/038avdt50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rui Men","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Automation and Information Engineering, Xi&#x0027;an University of Technology, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Automation and Information Engineering, Xi&#x0027;an University of Technology, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019723430","display_name":"Xiumei Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6967-9248"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131919","display_name":"Xi'an University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/038avdt50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiumei Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Automation and Information Engineering, Xi&#x0027;an University of Technology, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Automation and Information Engineering, Xi&#x0027;an University of Technology, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055349217","display_name":"Kok\u2010Lim Alvin Yau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3110-2782"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I931681460","display_name":"Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman","ror":"https://ror.org/050pq4m56","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I931681460"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kok-Lim Alvin Yau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science (LKCFES), Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science (LKCFES), Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I931681460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023531086","display_name":"Axida Shan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6941-0177"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113439","display_name":"Baotou Teachers College","ror":"https://ror.org/01xa88s20","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113439"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Axida Shan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Baotou Teachers&#x2019; College, Baotou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Baotou Teachers&#x2019; College, Baotou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113439"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106404996","display_name":"Gang Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3174-4535"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131919","display_name":"Xi'an University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/038avdt50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Automation and Information Engineering, Xi&#x0027;an University of Technology, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Automation and Information Engineering, Xi&#x0027;an University of Technology, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004626105"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2067,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94506888,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"4","first_page":"3891","last_page":"3904"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9858999848365784,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9858999848365784,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9679999947547913,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9300000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7175202965736389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"Resource allocation","score":0.595801055431366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5305830836296082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5161977410316467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-management","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","score":0.4929980933666229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.39296090602874756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15219828486442566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.1287384033203125}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7175202965736389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.595801055431366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5305830836296082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5161977410316467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4929980933666229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.39296090602874756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15219828486442566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.1287384033203125}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnse.2024.3391382","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2024.3391382","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484352698","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","issn_l":"2327-4697","issn":["2327-4697","2334-329X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1120579679","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61272509","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5160208176","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"G2022041009L","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322108","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G748980370","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"23JRRM744","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322880","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322108","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/032e49973"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322880","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2893733132","https://openalex.org/W3013523550","https://openalex.org/W3112782147","https://openalex.org/W3115146115","https://openalex.org/W3152953026","https://openalex.org/W3155400008","https://openalex.org/W3156195074","https://openalex.org/W3160371670","https://openalex.org/W3167946329","https://openalex.org/W3167969180","https://openalex.org/W3168768468","https://openalex.org/W3170708168","https://openalex.org/W3174170930","https://openalex.org/W3184637820","https://openalex.org/W3192851879","https://openalex.org/W4212797575","https://openalex.org/W4220984320","https://openalex.org/W4221023924","https://openalex.org/W4225923531","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W4284969219","https://openalex.org/W4285181313","https://openalex.org/W4285189370","https://openalex.org/W4285246780","https://openalex.org/W4285820401","https://openalex.org/W4294068576","https://openalex.org/W4296339264","https://openalex.org/W4301852635","https://openalex.org/W4312601533","https://openalex.org/W4313134679","https://openalex.org/W4313534844","https://openalex.org/W4320002923","https://openalex.org/W4323897035"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2923452570","https://openalex.org/W206598027","https://openalex.org/W2978610750","https://openalex.org/W2138260944","https://openalex.org/W2022931285","https://openalex.org/W1589966275","https://openalex.org/W2086872282","https://openalex.org/W2137789903","https://openalex.org/W2153007255","https://openalex.org/W2138781885"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,146],"upsurge":[1],"of":[2,9,12,26,78,81,108,123,189,193],"mobile":[3],"service":[4,101],"demands":[5],"underscores":[6],"the":[7,10,16,20,23,48,70,105,120,127,187],"inevitability":[8],"emergence":[11],"6G":[13,21],"technology.":[14],"Amidst":[15],"challenges":[17],"that":[18],"accompany":[19],"networks,":[22],"exponential":[24],"growth":[25],"computation-intensive":[27],"and":[28,90,130,143,171,198],"delay-sensitive":[29],"applications":[30],"in":[31,55,126,191],"vehicular":[32],"networks":[33],"poses":[34],"a":[35,64,135],"significant":[36],"hurdle.":[37],"Vehicular":[38],"edge":[39,56],"computing":[40,73],"relying":[41],"solely":[42],"on":[43,104],"terrestrial":[44],"infrastructures":[45],"cannot":[46],"meet":[47],"performance":[49],"requirements":[50],"due":[51],"to":[52,94,112,118,167,176,185],"insufficient":[53],"resources":[54,111,178],"servers.":[57],"To":[58],"address":[59],"this":[60],"challenge,":[61],"we":[62],"introduce":[63],"novel":[65],"three-layer":[66],"hierarchical":[67],"architecture":[68],"called":[69],"air-ground-end":[71],"aerial":[72],"(AGEAC)":[74],"architecture,":[75],"which":[76],"consists":[77],"three":[79],"types":[80],"resource":[82,144,199],"providers,":[83],"namely":[84],"high-altitude":[85],"platform":[86],"stations,":[87],"roadside":[88],"units,":[89],"volunteer":[91],"vehicles":[92,102],"willing":[93],"share":[95],"their":[96,109],"underutilized":[97,110],"resources.":[98],"We":[99],"select":[100],"based":[103],"utilization":[106],"rate":[107],"ensure":[113],"fairness.":[114],"Our":[115],"objective":[116],"is":[117,132,150,165,174],"minimize":[119],"average":[121,196],"latency":[122],"all":[124],"tasks":[125],"long":[128],"term,":[129],"it":[131],"formulated":[133],"as":[134],"mixed-integer":[136],"nonlinear":[137],"programming":[138],"problem":[139,149],"for":[140],"task":[141],"offloading":[142,169],"allocation.":[145],"complicated":[147],"intertwined":[148],"decomposed":[151],"into":[152],"four":[153],"sub-problems":[154],"by":[155],"leveraging":[156],"Lyapunov":[157],"optimization":[158,173],"method.":[159],"A":[160],"multi-agent":[161],"reinforcement":[162],"learning-based":[163],"algorithm":[164],"designed":[166],"make":[168],"decisions,":[170],"convex":[172],"introduced":[175],"allocate":[177],"iteratively.":[179],"Extensive":[180],"simulations":[181],"have":[182],"been":[183],"conducted":[184],"demonstrate":[186],"superiority":[188],"AGEAC":[190],"terms":[192],"convergence":[194],"speed,":[195],"latency,":[197],"utilization.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T14:29:43.386196","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
