{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388666641","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2023.3332642","title":"Non-Stationary Low-Altitude UAV MIMO A2G Channel Model With Rotation and Arbitrary Trajectories","display_name":"Non-Stationary Low-Altitude UAV MIMO A2G Channel Model With Rotation and Arbitrary Trajectories","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388666641","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2023.3332642"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnse.2023.3332642","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2023.3332642","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484352698","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","issn_l":"2327-4697","issn":["2327-4697","2334-329X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101949006","display_name":"Lin Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1923-3132"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lin Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101527302","display_name":"Feng Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8387-1754"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100348539","display_name":"Hao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0253-5733"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140031","display_name":"Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/0543q7s13","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140031"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology on Near-Surface Detection Laboratory, Wuxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Near-Surface Detection Laboratory, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140031"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006104793","display_name":"Kai Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2475-8639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140031","display_name":"Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/0543q7s13","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140031"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology on Near-Surface Detection Laboratory, Wuxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Near-Surface Detection Laboratory, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140031"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101962019","display_name":"Weiwei Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6069-5375"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiwei Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101610535","display_name":"Lianfeng Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7250-3462"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lianfeng Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101949006"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.5765,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97711336,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"2","first_page":"1834","last_page":"1845"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.9793999791145325,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9713000059127808,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.609389066696167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotation","display_name":"Rotation (mathematics)","score":0.5823017954826355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5407400727272034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-density","display_name":"Spectral density","score":0.5322228670120239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.47539862990379333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.46515852212905884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.43771836161613464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4133656919002533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.40825027227401733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3901156783103943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.349708616733551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.27691829204559326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10957199335098267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.0955115258693695}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.609389066696167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74050887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848368","display_name":"Rotation (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5823017954826355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5407400727272034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168110828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331626","display_name":"Spectral density","level":2,"score":0.5322228670120239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.47539862990379333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.46515852212905884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.43771836161613464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4133656919002533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.40825027227401733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3901156783103943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.349708616733551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.27691829204559326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10957199335098267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0955115258693695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnse.2023.3332642","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2023.3332642","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484352698","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","issn_l":"2327-4697","issn":["2327-4697","2334-329X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8424116526","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62293492","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963527183","https://openalex.org/W1970591254","https://openalex.org/W2097515118","https://openalex.org/W2235766849","https://openalex.org/W2270011535","https://openalex.org/W2345312651","https://openalex.org/W2475307529","https://openalex.org/W2560007934","https://openalex.org/W2568408353","https://openalex.org/W2580241428","https://openalex.org/W2787602774","https://openalex.org/W2800793214","https://openalex.org/W2811293098","https://openalex.org/W2896045615","https://openalex.org/W2896163024","https://openalex.org/W2908491787","https://openalex.org/W2914509937","https://openalex.org/W2946995037","https://openalex.org/W2961665862","https://openalex.org/W2962873247","https://openalex.org/W2963580658","https://openalex.org/W2963638537","https://openalex.org/W2965660127","https://openalex.org/W2991374702","https://openalex.org/W2994475449","https://openalex.org/W3014656313","https://openalex.org/W3027617501","https://openalex.org/W3036533050","https://openalex.org/W3040735859","https://openalex.org/W3047200078","https://openalex.org/W3087989294","https://openalex.org/W3090954451","https://openalex.org/W3132657055","https://openalex.org/W3134451941","https://openalex.org/W3159790943","https://openalex.org/W3167951956","https://openalex.org/W3180241859","https://openalex.org/W3198828719","https://openalex.org/W3203337422","https://openalex.org/W3215344916","https://openalex.org/W4213147678","https://openalex.org/W4226392232","https://openalex.org/W4285121421","https://openalex.org/W4309757311","https://openalex.org/W4367276835"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2376969857","https://openalex.org/W4323768008","https://openalex.org/W1941703695","https://openalex.org/W614679600","https://openalex.org/W3131574667","https://openalex.org/W2110252992","https://openalex.org/W4360995134","https://openalex.org/W4248382324","https://openalex.org/W2365309764","https://openalex.org/W3023605104"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,24,88],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"a":[3,43,57],"three-dimensional":[4],"(3D)":[5],"non-stationary":[6],"geometry-based":[7],"stochastic":[8],"model":[9,48,148],"(GBSM)":[10],"is":[11,40,149],"proposed":[12,26,86],"for":[13],"low-altitude":[14],"unmanned":[15],"aerial":[16],"vehicles":[17],"(UAVs)":[18],"multiple-input-multiple-output":[19],"(MIMO)":[20],"air-to-ground":[21],"(A2G)":[22],"channel.":[23],"the":[25,85,90,93,113,118,129,144,147,154],"model,":[27],"both":[28],"UAV":[29,38,51,119,133],"rotation":[30,39],"and":[31,76,98,112,128],"arbitrary":[32,52,136],"trajectories":[33,53,137],"are":[34,54,81,104,110],"taken":[35],"into":[36],"account.":[37],"described":[41],"by":[42,56,151],"2D":[44],"Gauss-Markov":[45,60],"random":[46],"mobility":[47,130],"(RMM),":[49],"while":[50],"characterized":[55],"3D":[58],"revised":[59],"RMM.":[61],"The":[62],"time-varying":[63],"parameters":[64],"of":[65,73,78,92,132,146],"multipath":[66],"components":[67],"(MPCs),":[68],"such":[69],"as":[70],"distances,":[71],"angles":[72,77],"arrival":[74],"(AoAs),":[75],"departure":[79],"(AoDs),":[80],"calculated":[82],"based":[83],"on":[84],"model.":[87],"addition,":[89],"expressions":[91],"space-time":[94],"correlation":[95],"function":[96],"(CF)":[97],"Doppler":[99],"power":[100],"spectral":[101],"density":[102],"(PSD)":[103],"also":[105],"derived.":[106],"Numerous":[107],"numerical":[108],"simulations":[109],"conducted":[111],"simulation":[114],"results":[115],"reveal":[116],"that":[117],"rotational":[120],"motion":[121],"causes":[122],"channel":[123,139],"non-stationarity":[124],"in":[125],"space":[126],"domain,":[127],"characteristics":[131],"along":[134],"with":[135,153],"cause":[138],"time":[140],"domain":[141],"non-stationary.":[142],"Finally,":[143],"accuracy":[145],"verified":[150],"comparing":[152],"available":[155],"measurement":[156],"data.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T14:29:43.386196","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}