{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4313886755","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2023.3234445","title":"Incentivizing the Spatiotemporal Flexibility of Data Centers Toward Power System Coordination","display_name":"Incentivizing the Spatiotemporal Flexibility of Data Centers Toward Power System Coordination","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4313886755","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2023.3234445"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnse.2023.3234445","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2023.3234445","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484352698","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","issn_l":"2327-4697","issn":["2327-4697","2334-329X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052457608","display_name":"Zhaoyuan Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9269-0082"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhaoyuan Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9269-0082","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112272565","display_name":"Lin Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100783880","display_name":"Jianxiao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9871-5263"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianxiao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Applications, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9871-5263","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Applications, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065012451","display_name":"Ming Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9226-0496"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9226-0496","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012118692","display_name":"Gengyin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2639-4875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gengyin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2639-4875","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001759017","display_name":"Qing Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5238-9300"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qing Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5238-9300","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052457608"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":18.3852,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99238945,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"3","first_page":"1766","last_page":"1778"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10742","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.6974887847900391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6457464694976807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-center","display_name":"Data center","score":0.4953102171421051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4676019549369812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.4409429132938385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.4264592230319977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.19988083839416504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.19412243366241455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18471506237983704}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6974887847900391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6457464694976807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153740404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671224","display_name":"Data center","level":2,"score":0.4953102171421051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4676019549369812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.4409429132938385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.4264592230319977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.19988083839416504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.19412243366241455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18471506237983704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnse.2023.3234445","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2023.3234445","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484352698","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","issn_l":"2327-4697","issn":["2327-4697","2334-329X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8799999952316284}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3554119879","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52207098","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7799634997","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52277092","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2072277948","https://openalex.org/W2112822528","https://openalex.org/W2139041001","https://openalex.org/W2243705582","https://openalex.org/W2607844604","https://openalex.org/W2789321149","https://openalex.org/W2795766555","https://openalex.org/W2795776586","https://openalex.org/W2810216972","https://openalex.org/W2887683134","https://openalex.org/W2904098470","https://openalex.org/W2906832930","https://openalex.org/W2953921543","https://openalex.org/W3001363919","https://openalex.org/W3001512394","https://openalex.org/W3007855629","https://openalex.org/W3011851634","https://openalex.org/W3017321447","https://openalex.org/W3094128255","https://openalex.org/W3102893070","https://openalex.org/W3109097803","https://openalex.org/W3114056273","https://openalex.org/W3121769135","https://openalex.org/W3168770969","https://openalex.org/W3177477178","https://openalex.org/W3185035147","https://openalex.org/W3203212361","https://openalex.org/W3205295034","https://openalex.org/W4210791409","https://openalex.org/W4289889846","https://openalex.org/W4312395603"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965825568","https://openalex.org/W2181472888","https://openalex.org/W4236696095","https://openalex.org/W3143779693","https://openalex.org/W2626808643","https://openalex.org/W2004064826","https://openalex.org/W3103727510","https://openalex.org/W97045569","https://openalex.org/W2942292918","https://openalex.org/W1527069879"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"data":[1,26,52,76,96,123,134,161,174],"centers":[2,53,135],"emerge":[3],"as":[4,41,166,168],"the":[5,13,25,46,72,88,91,95,98,119,137,158,169],"information":[6],"backbone":[7],"of":[8,24,49,75,122,160,173],"an":[9,38,110],"increasingly":[10],"digital":[11],"world,":[12],"associated":[14],"service":[15],"demand":[16],"has":[17],"been":[18],"rising":[19],"rapidly.":[20],"The":[21],"operational":[22],"nature":[23],"center":[27],"brings":[28],"great":[29],"flexibility":[30,47,57,73,120,170],"potential":[31,74,171],"for":[32,59],"energy":[33,83,148],"systems.":[34],"However,":[35],"there":[36],"remains":[37],"open":[39],"question":[40],"to":[42,44,70,116],"how":[43],"capture":[45,71],"potentials":[48],"geographically":[50],"dispersed":[51],"and":[54,81,94,109,145,163],"incentivize":[55],"their":[56],"provision":[58,121],"system":[60,92,138],"operation.":[61],"In":[62],"this":[63],"paper,":[64],"we":[65],"propose":[66],"electricity\u2013heat":[67],"coordinated":[68,100],"operation":[69,101,143],"centers,":[77,97],"i.e.,":[78],"temporal,":[79],"spatial":[80],"integrated":[82],"flexibility.":[84],"To":[85],"better":[86],"depict":[87],"interaction":[89],"between":[90],"operator":[93],"centralized":[99],"model":[102],"is":[103,114],"decomposed":[104],"into":[105,157],"a":[106],"bilevel":[107],"model,":[108],"incentivized":[111],"profit-sharing":[112],"mechanism":[113],"designed":[115],"suitably":[117],"motivate":[118],"centers.":[124,175],"Case":[125],"studies":[126],"based":[127],"on":[128],"real-world":[129],"datasets":[130],"show":[131],"that":[132],"incorporating":[133],"at":[136],"level":[139],"can":[140,153],"effectively":[141],"improve":[142],"efficiency":[144],"facilitate":[146],"renewable":[147],"integration.":[149],"Hopefully,":[150],"our":[151],"work":[152],"provide":[154],"novel":[155],"insights":[156],"coordination":[159],"networks":[162],"power":[164],"grids":[165],"well":[167],"activation":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
