{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2949219685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2019.2959230","title":"B-Ride: Ride Sharing With Privacy-Preservation, Trust and Fair Payment Atop Public Blockchain","display_name":"B-Ride: Ride Sharing With Privacy-Preservation, Trust and Fair Payment Atop Public Blockchain","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2949219685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2019.2959230","mag":"2949219685"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnse.2019.2959230","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2019.2959230","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484352698","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","issn_l":"2327-4697","issn":["2327-4697","2334-329X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1906.09968","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013606349","display_name":"Mohamed Baza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5153-8693"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63920570","display_name":"Tennessee Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/05drmrq39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Baza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tennessee Tech University, Cookeville, TN, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5153-8693","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tennessee Tech University, Cookeville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050815950","display_name":"Noureddine Lasla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6685-9043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144839","display_name":"Hamad bin Khalifa University","ror":"https://ror.org/03eyq4y97","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noureddine Lasla","raw_affiliation_strings":["division of Information and Computing Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar","Division of Information and Computing Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"division of Information and Computing Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Information and Computing Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071309872","display_name":"Mohamed Mahmoud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8719-501X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63920570","display_name":"Tennessee Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/05drmrq39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed M. E. A. Mahmoud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tennessee Tech University, Cookeville, TN, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8719-501X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tennessee Tech University, Cookeville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041541232","display_name":"Gautam Srivastava","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9851-4103"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184693016","display_name":"China Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00v408z34","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184693016"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48890080","display_name":"Brandon University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp25a50","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48890080"]}],"countries":["CA","TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gautam Srivastava","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Brandon University, Brandon, MB, Canada","Research Center for Interneural Computing, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan","Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Brandon University, Brandon Mb, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9851-4103","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Brandon University, Brandon, MB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48890080"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Interneural Computing, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184693016"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Brandon University, Brandon Mb, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48890080"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037234286","display_name":"Mohamed Abdallah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3261-7588"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144839","display_name":"Hamad bin Khalifa University","ror":"https://ror.org/03eyq4y97","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Abdallah","raw_affiliation_strings":["division of Information and Computing Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar","Division of Information and Computing Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3261-7588","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"division of Information and Computing Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Information and Computing Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2045,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2045},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.4956,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97204961,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"2","first_page":"1214","last_page":"1229"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12392","display_name":"Sharing Economy and Platforms","score":0.9842000007629395,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.7326375842094421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payment","display_name":"Payment","score":0.7180208563804626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sybil-attack","display_name":"Sybil attack","score":0.6631942987442017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anonymity","display_name":"Anonymity","score":0.6578044295310974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.5607485771179199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pseudonym","display_name":"Pseudonym","score":0.5255935192108154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service-provider","display_name":"Service provider","score":0.5153791308403015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proof-of-work-system","display_name":"Proof-of-work system","score":0.507654070854187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trusted-third-party","display_name":"Trusted third party","score":0.48895347118377686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.48375630378723145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.4783736765384674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.4690948724746704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-contract","display_name":"Smart contract","score":0.46764513850212097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.46391430497169495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-point-of-failure","display_name":"Single point of failure","score":0.46245622634887695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.43766695261001587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denial-of-service-attack","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","score":0.41847550868988037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.17265862226486206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.1543428599834442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.1519092619419098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.09548738598823547}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.7326375842094421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.7180208563804626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777505653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4470796","display_name":"Sybil attack","level":3,"score":0.6631942987442017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178005623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q308859","display_name":"Anonymity","level":2,"score":0.6578044295310974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.5607485771179199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776021475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61002","display_name":"Pseudonym","level":2,"score":0.5255935192108154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2169973","display_name":"Service provider","level":3,"score":0.5153791308403015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123436394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7249984","display_name":"Proof-of-work system","level":3,"score":0.507654070854187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139089976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142273","display_name":"Trusted third party","level":2,"score":0.48895347118377686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48375630378723145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.4783736765384674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.4690948724746704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779950589","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7544035","display_name":"Smart contract","level":3,"score":0.46764513850212097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.46391430497169495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165136773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1363179","display_name":"Single point of failure","level":2,"score":0.46245622634887695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.43766695261001587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.41847550868988037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.17265862226486206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1543428599834442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.1519092619419098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.09548738598823547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnse.2019.2959230","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2019.2959230","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484352698","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","issn_l":"2327-4697","issn":["2327-4697","2334-329X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1906.09968","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1906.09968","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1906.09968","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2949219685","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1906.09968v2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1906.09968","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1906.09968","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1906.09968","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1906.09968","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1906.09968","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1289220797","display_name":"NeTS: Small: Collaborative Research: Towards Privacy-Preserving Autonomous Vehicle Sharing Services","funder_award_id":"1618549","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/01svaqq28"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W111114747","https://openalex.org/W1479826086","https://openalex.org/W1574149717","https://openalex.org/W1589034595","https://openalex.org/W1885156594","https://openalex.org/W1907293129","https://openalex.org/W1976495564","https://openalex.org/W2117797270","https://openalex.org/W2163599294","https://openalex.org/W2196947497","https://openalex.org/W2392113277","https://openalex.org/W2517744317","https://openalex.org/W2548762163","https://openalex.org/W2565420248","https://openalex.org/W2566758857","https://openalex.org/W2612412174","https://openalex.org/W2613647264","https://openalex.org/W2724474800","https://openalex.org/W2752263663","https://openalex.org/W2763919187","https://openalex.org/W2790257806","https://openalex.org/W2801151630","https://openalex.org/W2807455604","https://openalex.org/W2889275267","https://openalex.org/W2891525119","https://openalex.org/W2892132959","https://openalex.org/W2898418255","https://openalex.org/W2935795010","https://openalex.org/W2940378368","https://openalex.org/W2945155207","https://openalex.org/W2948163029","https://openalex.org/W2964223086","https://openalex.org/W2982562810","https://openalex.org/W2997517858","https://openalex.org/W2998416486","https://openalex.org/W3013250268","https://openalex.org/W3018239957","https://openalex.org/W3039833096","https://openalex.org/W3151748982","https://openalex.org/W6655832309","https://openalex.org/W6677430154","https://openalex.org/W6737686283","https://openalex.org/W6761193109","https://openalex.org/W6793285265"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2997574896","https://openalex.org/W2901076851","https://openalex.org/W2787247030","https://openalex.org/W3013173910","https://openalex.org/W3023244003","https://openalex.org/W2996217957","https://openalex.org/W2619935067","https://openalex.org/W2981641988","https://openalex.org/W2790257806","https://openalex.org/W3176671909","https://openalex.org/W2968287833","https://openalex.org/W3113287505","https://openalex.org/W2914496255","https://openalex.org/W2029835432","https://openalex.org/W3181806165","https://openalex.org/W2971334803","https://openalex.org/W3021554929","https://openalex.org/W2897088574","https://openalex.org/W2139701376","https://openalex.org/W3090115578"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ride-sharing":[0],"is":[1,265,280],"a":[2,34,47,98,118,175,190,195,207,210,213,225,231,277,296,333],"service":[3,70,84,91,101],"that":[4,244],"enables":[5,109],"drivers":[6,110,125,301],"to":[7,14,38,46,66,88,111,157,167,173,179,216,227,234,236,273,299,311,314],"share":[8,131],"trips":[9],"with":[10],"other":[11],"riders,":[12],"contributing":[13],"appealing":[15],"benefits":[16],"of":[17,28,50,69,169,287,336,344],"shared":[18],"travel":[19,144],"cost":[20],"and":[21,52,59,72,79,124,143,201,212,221,290,329],"reducing":[22],"traffic":[23],"congestion.":[24],"However,":[25,146],"the":[26,40,89,150,154,181,228,237,240,248,259,263,284,288,322,342],"majority":[27],"existing":[29,348],"ride-sharing":[30,90,100,113,196],"services":[31,114],"rely":[32],"on":[33,103,117,239,251,283,303,318,321],"central":[35],"third":[36,120],"party":[37],"organize":[39],"service,":[41],"which":[42],"make":[43,180],"them":[44,316],"subject":[45],"single":[48],"point":[49],"failure":[51],"privacy":[53,256],"disclosure":[54],"concerns":[55],"by":[56,76,153,188,197,223,257],"both":[57,209],"internal":[58],"external":[60,80],"attackers.":[61,81],"Moreover,":[62,272],"they":[63,129],"are":[64,86],"vulnerable":[65],"distributed":[67],"denial":[68],"(DDoS)":[71],"Sybil":[73],"attacks":[74],"launched":[75],"malicious":[77,147],"users":[78,148],"Besides,":[82],"high":[83],"fees":[85],"paid":[87],"provider.":[92],"In":[93,206,292],"this":[94,186],"paper,":[95],"we":[96,294,325],"propose":[97],"decentralized":[99],"based":[102,282,302,317],"public":[104,155],"Blockchain,":[105],"named":[106],"B-Ride.":[107],"B-Ride":[108,184],"offer":[112,177],"without":[115,307],"relying":[116],"trusted":[119],"party.":[121],"Both":[122],"riders":[123,313],"can":[126,130],"learn":[127],"whether":[128],"rides":[132],"while":[133,164],"preserving":[134],"their":[135,218,304,319],"trip":[136],"data,":[137],"including":[138],"pick-up/drop-off":[139],"location,":[140,262],"departure/arrival":[141],"date":[142],"price.":[145],"exploit":[149],"anonymity":[151],"provided":[152],"blockchain":[156,238],"submit":[158],"multiple":[159],"ride":[160],"requests":[161],"or":[162,178],"offers,":[163],"not":[165],"committing":[166],"any":[168,309],"them,":[170],"in":[171,332],"order":[172],"find":[174],"better":[176],"system":[182],"unreliable.":[183],"solves":[185],"problem":[187],"introducing":[189],"time-locked":[191],"deposit":[192,226],"protocol":[193,328,346],"for":[194],"leveraging":[198],"smart":[199],"contract":[200],"zero-knowledge":[202,268],"set":[203,269],"membership":[204,270],"proof.":[205,271],"nutshell,":[208],"driver":[211,232,289],"rider":[214],"have":[215],"show":[217,341],"good":[219],"will":[220],"commitment":[222],"sending":[224],"blockchain.":[229],"Later,":[230],"has":[233],"prove":[235],"agreed":[241],"pick-up":[242,249,261],"time":[243],"he/she":[245],"arrived":[246],"at":[247],"location":[250],"time.":[252],"To":[253],"preserve":[254],"rider/driver":[255],"hiding":[258],"exact":[260],"proof":[264],"performed":[266],"using":[267],"ensure":[274],"fair":[275],"payment,":[276],"pay-as-you-drive":[278],"methodology":[279],"introduced":[281],"elapsed":[285],"distance":[286],"rider.":[291],"addition,":[293],"introduce":[295],"reputation":[297],"model":[298],"rate":[300],"past":[305],"behaviour":[306],"involving":[308],"third-parties":[310],"allow":[312],"select":[315],"history":[320],"system.":[323],"Finally,":[324],"implement":[326],"our":[327,345],"deploy":[330],"it":[331],"test":[334],"net":[335],"Ethereum.":[337],"The":[338],"experimental":[339],"results":[340],"applicability":[343],"atop":[347],"real-world":[349],"blockchains.":[350]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}