{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7123358274","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2025.3648530","title":"CPFformer: A Hierarchical-Based Graph Modeling Fusion Framework for Making the Emotional Features of Chinese Poetry Pronunciation More Controllable","display_name":"CPFformer: A Hierarchical-Based Graph Modeling Fusion Framework for Making the Emotional Features of Chinese Poetry Pronunciation More Controllable","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7123358274","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2025.3648530","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41525522"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnnls.2025.3648530","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2025.3648530","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175523","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","issn_l":"2162-237X","issn":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122862799","display_name":"Qing Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qing Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3396-4805","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122905517","display_name":"Ke Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ke Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Fashion and Textile, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5053-4367","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Fashion and Textile, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033364692","display_name":"Jing Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9689-8158"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042456909","display_name":"Xiang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4889-4501"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4889-4501","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jing Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2961-0860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2961-0860","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010135702","display_name":"C. Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changyuan Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3185-0441","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03579092,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"7","first_page":"3191","last_page":"3205"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.7285000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.7285000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.026200000196695328,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.01940000057220459,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pronunciation","display_name":"Pronunciation","score":0.6449000239372253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentiment-analysis","display_name":"Sentiment analysis","score":0.4097000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.37389999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.3481000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.3450999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.3425000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.3174000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimension","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","score":0.31690001487731934}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780844864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184377","display_name":"Pronunciation","level":2,"score":0.6449000239372253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6341000199317932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4796000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66402592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271421","display_name":"Sentiment analysis","level":2,"score":0.4097000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.37389999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.3481000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.3450999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.3425000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.3174000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.31690001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164913051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q482","display_name":"Poetry","level":2,"score":0.31520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.3077999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.290800005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.29030001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.2840999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.28049999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.2791000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541865764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069928","display_name":"Chinese poetry","level":3,"score":0.2720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155032097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798503","display_name":"Backpropagation","level":3,"score":0.2660999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.26429998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138954614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9192","display_name":"Mandarin Chinese","level":2,"score":0.2500999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166275286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190095","display_name":"Gray (unit)","level":2,"score":0.25}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000095225","descriptor_name":"East Asian People","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002681","descriptor_name":"China","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002681","descriptor_name":"China","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010700","descriptor_name":"Phonetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010700","descriptor_name":"Phonetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011037","descriptor_name":"Poetry as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011037","descriptor_name":"Poetry as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnnls.2025.3648530","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2025.3648530","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175523","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","issn_l":"2162-237X","issn":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41525522","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41525522","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.9002101421356201,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4650322847","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SGDX20230821092359002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330373","funder_display_name":"Research and Innovation in Science and Technology Project"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322598","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330373","display_name":"Research and Innovation in Science and Technology Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2604847698","https://openalex.org/W2967593122","https://openalex.org/W3020804303","https://openalex.org/W3080253043","https://openalex.org/W3120907440","https://openalex.org/W3128643687","https://openalex.org/W3148096012","https://openalex.org/W3166424533","https://openalex.org/W3177318507","https://openalex.org/W3209086882","https://openalex.org/W3214669781","https://openalex.org/W4205599290","https://openalex.org/W4206381181","https://openalex.org/W4221152438","https://openalex.org/W4224255523","https://openalex.org/W4283585944","https://openalex.org/W4283739673","https://openalex.org/W4284900220","https://openalex.org/W4296884685","https://openalex.org/W4308266156","https://openalex.org/W4309564859","https://openalex.org/W4313547781","https://openalex.org/W4313704731","https://openalex.org/W4315473428","https://openalex.org/W4316035687","https://openalex.org/W4320015918","https://openalex.org/W4323820880","https://openalex.org/W4360584289","https://openalex.org/W4366684380","https://openalex.org/W4375869257","https://openalex.org/W4375928767","https://openalex.org/W4376481237","https://openalex.org/W4378673246","https://openalex.org/W4378697395","https://openalex.org/W4379382582","https://openalex.org/W4382203079","https://openalex.org/W4385756463","https://openalex.org/W4386176982","https://openalex.org/W4386280852","https://openalex.org/W4388017359","https://openalex.org/W4388361334","https://openalex.org/W4388676625","https://openalex.org/W4389318028","https://openalex.org/W4389739663","https://openalex.org/W4390291115","https://openalex.org/W4391759831","https://openalex.org/W4392016854","https://openalex.org/W4393147055","https://openalex.org/W4395480467","https://openalex.org/W4396237593","https://openalex.org/W4398226200","https://openalex.org/W4400111385","https://openalex.org/W4403863494","https://openalex.org/W4404271517","https://openalex.org/W4407038833","https://openalex.org/W4409153337","https://openalex.org/W4409347934","https://openalex.org/W4409728756","https://openalex.org/W7139094415"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Chinese":[0,65,176],"poetry,":[1],"a":[2,46,115,174,181,197],"pinnacle":[3],"of":[4,20,64,72,88,107,124,150,173,189,203,213],"cultural":[5],"expression,":[6],"encapsulates":[7],"human":[8],"emotions":[9],"and":[10,23,37,59,84,92,104,112,114,144,156,162,194,206,209,216,228],"societal":[11],"narratives":[12],"in":[13,55,75,191],"succinct,":[14],"evocative":[15],"language.":[16],"Its":[17,220],"unique":[18],"blend":[19],"linguistic":[21,35],"constraints":[22],"musicality":[24],"makes":[25],"analyzing":[26],"its":[27,160,165],"pronunciation's":[28],"emotional":[29,62,108,128,214],"features":[30,109],"crucial":[31],"for":[32,226],"enriching":[33],"children's":[34],"prowess":[36],"artistic":[38],"appreciation.":[39],"To":[40],"this":[41],"end,":[42],"we":[43],"propose":[44],"CPFformer,":[45,69],"novel":[47],"deep":[48],"learning":[49,80,218],"framework,":[50],"merges":[51],"phonetics,":[52],"sentiment":[53],"analysis":[54,123],"order":[56],"to":[57,100,167],"analyze":[58],"predict":[60],"the":[61,102,168,201,211],"feature":[63,118],"poetry":[66,177],"pronunciation":[67,178],"effectively.":[68],"which":[70],"consists":[71],"anomaly":[73],"detection":[74],"spatial":[76,111],"network":[77],"(ADSN),":[78],"spatial-temporal":[79],"(STL),":[81],"dimension":[82],"segmentation":[83],"embedding":[85],"(DSW),":[86],"extraction":[87,119],"temporal":[89],"attention":[90],"(ETA),":[91],"encoder-decoder":[93],"module":[94],"(EDSM)":[95],"modules,":[96],"employs":[97],"graph":[98],"structures":[99],"capture":[101],"global":[103],"local":[105],"consistency":[106],"across":[110],"temporal,":[113],"multiscale":[116],"Mel":[117],"technique":[120],"ensures":[121],"comprehensive":[122],"speech":[125,192],"dynamics,":[126],"enhancing":[127],"expression":[129],"understanding.":[130],"The":[131,171,187],"mean":[132,136],"square":[133],"error":[134,138,142],"(mse),":[135],"absolute":[137],"(MAE),":[139],"residual":[140],"standard":[141],"(RSE),":[143],"$R$":[145],"-square":[146],"(":[147],"$R^{2}$":[148],")":[149],"experiments":[151],"reach":[152],"0.3572,":[153],"0.2486,":[154],"0.2014,":[155],"0.9822,":[157],"respectively,":[158],"demonstrating":[159],"feasibility":[161],"effectiveness,":[163],"exhibiting":[164],"superiority":[166],"state-of-the-art":[169],"approaches.":[170],"creation":[172],"dedicated":[175],"dataset":[179],"marks":[180],"significant":[182],"contribution,":[183],"facilitating":[184],"further":[185],"research.":[186],"potential":[188],"CPFformer":[190],"technology":[193],"education":[195],"heralds":[196],"new":[198],"era,":[199],"fostering":[200],"integration":[202],"traditional":[204],"culture":[205],"artificial":[207],"intelligence,":[208],"promoting":[210],"advancement":[212],"literacy":[215],"smart":[217],"environments.":[219],"interdisciplinary":[221],"implications":[222],"promise":[223],"exciting":[224],"avenues":[225],"research":[227],"application.":[229]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2026-01-14T00:00:00"}