{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411358906","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2025.3572438","title":"PADiff: Reconstruction From Patch to Pixel With Normality-Guided Diffusion Model for Unsupervised Anomaly Localization","display_name":"PADiff: Reconstruction From Patch to Pixel With Normality-Guided Diffusion Model for Unsupervised Anomaly Localization","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411358906","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2025.3572438","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40526551"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnnls.2025.3572438","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2025.3572438","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175523","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","issn_l":"2162-237X","issn":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006543710","display_name":"Zuo Zuo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8251-6966"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zuo Zuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Hybrid Augmented Intelligence and the Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8251-6966","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Hybrid Augmented Intelligence and the Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101104920","display_name":"Jiahao Dong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiahao Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6842-5216","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072449190","display_name":"Yao Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0227-5641"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0227-5641","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076485255","display_name":"Yanyun Qu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8926-4162"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanyun Qu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8926-4162","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004392249","display_name":"Zongze Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0597-1426"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zongze Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0597-1426","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.06584031,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"10","first_page":"18558","last_page":"18571"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12859","display_name":"Cell Image Analysis Techniques","score":0.9829999804496765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12859","display_name":"Cell Image Analysis Techniques","score":0.9829999804496765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9553999900817871,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normality","display_name":"Normality","score":0.7672569751739502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","score":0.7060057520866394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5436649918556213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.533560037612915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.46520382165908813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffusion","display_name":"Diffusion","score":0.4641808867454529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.39136165380477905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3528924882411957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.35227054357528687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2791699767112732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.15634891390800476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.14814668893814087}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776157432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1375683","display_name":"Normality","level":2,"score":0.7672569751739502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12997251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q567560","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","level":2,"score":0.7060057520866394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5436649918556213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.533560037612915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46520382165908813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69357855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163214","display_name":"Diffusion","level":2,"score":0.4641808867454529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.39136165380477905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3528924882411957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.35227054357528687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2791699767112732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.15634891390800476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.14814668893814087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnnls.2025.3572438","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2025.3572438","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175523","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","issn_l":"2162-237X","issn":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40526551","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40526551","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2047643928","https://openalex.org/W2948982773","https://openalex.org/W2963045681","https://openalex.org/W2964137095","https://openalex.org/W3034314048","https://openalex.org/W3092704883","https://openalex.org/W3106848223","https://openalex.org/W3147184966","https://openalex.org/W3159481202","https://openalex.org/W3166166117","https://openalex.org/W3169077988","https://openalex.org/W3169651898","https://openalex.org/W3209793239","https://openalex.org/W4214601425","https://openalex.org/W4214694907","https://openalex.org/W4285147180","https://openalex.org/W4287887190","https://openalex.org/W4292851291","https://openalex.org/W4312239247","https://openalex.org/W4312298392","https://openalex.org/W4312605624","https://openalex.org/W4312772600","https://openalex.org/W4312933868","https://openalex.org/W4318831100","https://openalex.org/W4319300158","https://openalex.org/W4376626035","https://openalex.org/W4386065890","https://openalex.org/W4386071499","https://openalex.org/W4386075649","https://openalex.org/W4386075837","https://openalex.org/W4387917853","https://openalex.org/W4390706284","https://openalex.org/W4390872231","https://openalex.org/W4390872580","https://openalex.org/W4390872785","https://openalex.org/W4390874575","https://openalex.org/W4392930642","https://openalex.org/W4393159787","https://openalex.org/W4394597908","https://openalex.org/W4394625793","https://openalex.org/W4394974492","https://openalex.org/W4396214955","https://openalex.org/W4402448712","https://openalex.org/W4402916517","https://openalex.org/W4402961692","https://openalex.org/W4403942613","https://openalex.org/W4404166214","https://openalex.org/W4411244487"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2806741695","https://openalex.org/W4290647774","https://openalex.org/W3189286258","https://openalex.org/W3207797160","https://openalex.org/W3210364259","https://openalex.org/W4300558037","https://openalex.org/W2667207928","https://openalex.org/W2912112202","https://openalex.org/W4377864969","https://openalex.org/W3120251014"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Anomaly":[0],"localization":[1],"(AL)":[2],"is":[3,29,283],"an":[4,116,214],"indispensable":[5],"and":[6,25,41,56,81,183,218,222,238,248,268],"challenging":[7],"task":[8],"in":[9,79,115,126,142,180,191,251],"manufacturing.":[10],"Recently,":[11],"diffusion":[12,35,57,77,99,106,124,204,253],"models":[13,36,58,78],"have":[14],"been":[15],"widely":[16],"used":[17,262],"to":[18,44,68,83,108,112,121,151,201,231,270],"localize":[19],"anomalies":[20,38,48],"through":[21],"discrepancies":[22],"between":[23],"original":[24],"reconstructed":[26],"representations,":[27],"which":[28,244],"based":[30,96],"on":[31,97,241,259],"the":[32,74,98,105,123,127,192,203,252,272,277],"hypothesis":[33],"that":[34],"regard":[37],"as":[39,63],"noise":[40],"reconstruct":[42,60,109],"them":[43,185],"normal":[45,64,113,132,136,155,162,167,172,189],"representations.":[46],"However,":[47],"usually":[49],"deviate":[50],"from":[51],"prior":[52],"standard":[53],"Gaussian":[54],"distribution":[55],"cannot":[59],"anomaly":[61,117,178,263],"parts":[62],"patterns":[65],"well":[66],"due":[67],"powerful":[69],"generalization.":[70],"These":[71],"issues":[72],"hinder":[73],"application":[75],"of":[76,226,276],"AL":[80,95],"lead":[82],"suboptimal":[84],"performance.":[85],"As":[86,224],"a":[87,91,139,148,153,161,171],"remedy,":[88],"we":[89,119,146,158,175,212,229],"present":[90],"novel":[92],"framework":[93],"for":[94],"model,":[100],"dubbed":[101],"PADiff.":[102,279],"To":[103,206],"enable":[104],"model":[107,125],"abnormal":[110],"regions":[111,114],"image,":[118],"propose":[120,147,219,230],"guide":[122,202],"reconstruction":[128],"process":[129],"using":[130,166],"its":[131],"counterpart.":[133,156],"High-quality":[134],"guided":[135],"counterpart":[137],"plays":[138],"key":[140],"role":[141],"our":[143,208,227],"method.":[144],"Therefore,":[145],"patch-substitution":[149],"strategy":[150],"obtain":[152],"high-quality-guided":[154],"Specifically,":[157],"first":[159],"construct":[160],"patch":[163,234],"memory":[164,173,193],"bank":[165],"training":[168,221],"samples.":[169],"With":[170],"bank,":[174],"find":[176],"potential":[177],"patches":[179,190,217],"testing":[181],"images":[182,198],"substitute":[184],"with":[186],"most":[187],"similar":[188],"bank.":[194],"After":[195],"substitution,":[196],"pseudo-normal":[197],"are":[199,257],"generated":[200],"model.":[205,254],"make":[207],"method":[209],"more":[210],"data-efficient,":[211],"divide":[213],"image":[215],"into":[216,235],"patch-wise":[220],"reconstruction.":[223],"one":[225],"innovations,":[228],"encode":[232],"each":[233],"positional":[236],"embedding":[237],"add":[239],"it":[240],"time":[242],"embedding,":[243],"introduces":[245],"patch-level":[246],"representation":[247],"position":[249],"information":[250],"Extensive":[255],"experiments":[256],"conducted":[258],"three":[260],"commonly":[261],"detection":[264],"datasets":[265],"(MVTec-AD,":[266],"VisA,":[267],"BTAD)":[269],"showcase":[271],"state-of-the-art":[273],"(SOTA)":[274],"performance":[275],"proposed":[278],"The":[280],"source":[281],"code":[282],"publicly":[284],"available":[285],"at":[286],"https://github.com/Jay-zzcoder/padiff.":[287]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}