{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406891994","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2025.3526815","title":"Rethinking Appearance-Based Deep Gait Recognition: Reviews, Analysis, and Insights From Gait Recognition Evolution","display_name":"Rethinking Appearance-Based Deep Gait Recognition: Reviews, Analysis, and Insights From Gait Recognition Evolution","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406891994","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2025.3526815","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40031301"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnnls.2025.3526815","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2025.3526815","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175523","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","issn_l":"2162-237X","issn":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102857137","display_name":"Jingqi Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingqi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100721871","display_name":"Yuzhen Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7930-5549"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuzhen Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100458986","display_name":"Yi Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7680-2833"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038428900","display_name":"Changxin Ye","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changxin Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058622995","display_name":"W. Z. Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7799-9321"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105229","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00xc0ma20","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105229"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenzheng Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018607913","display_name":"Xianye Ben","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8083-3501"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105229","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00xc0ma20","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105229"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianye Ben","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8083-3501","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113600509","display_name":"Fei\u2013Yue Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9185-3989"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801419141","display_name":"Buda Health Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00yx04352","country_code":"HU","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801419141"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei-Yue Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["DeSci Center of Parallel Intelligence, &#x00D3;buda University, Budapest, Hungary"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9185-3989","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DeSci Center of Parallel Intelligence, &#x00D3;buda University, Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801419141"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100696429","display_name":"Junping Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5924-3360"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junping Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5924-3360","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.8676,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97146682,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"6","first_page":"9777","last_page":"9797"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12740","display_name":"Gait Recognition and Analysis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12740","display_name":"Gait Recognition and Analysis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9513999819755554,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9456999897956848,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gait","display_name":"Gait","score":0.8375198841094971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gait-analysis","display_name":"Gait analysis","score":0.47072163224220276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-medicine-and-rehabilitation","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","score":0.4529978632926941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3455466330051422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3442184627056122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.1699521839618683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151800584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370000","display_name":"Gait","level":2,"score":0.8375198841094971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173906292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1493441","display_name":"Gait analysis","level":3,"score":0.47072163224220276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.4529978632926941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3455466330051422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3442184627056122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1699521839618683}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005684","descriptor_name":"Gait","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005684","descriptor_name":"Gait","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005684","descriptor_name":"Gait","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005684","descriptor_name":"Gait","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056667","descriptor_name":"Biometric Identification","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D056667","descriptor_name":"Biometric Identification","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D056667","descriptor_name":"Biometric Identification","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D056667","descriptor_name":"Biometric Identification","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnnls.2025.3526815","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2025.3526815","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175523","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","issn_l":"2162-237X","issn":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40031301","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40031301","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2782232053","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62322111","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5502878137","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62271289","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G561319225","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62176059","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7153617765","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0145/2023/RIA3","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321655","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Development Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321655","display_name":"Science and Technology Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/044vr6g03"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":155,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1181052087","https://openalex.org/W1497468535","https://openalex.org/W1546677826","https://openalex.org/W1971239273","https://openalex.org/W2016327746","https://openalex.org/W2026800967","https://openalex.org/W2038118117","https://openalex.org/W2072510697","https://openalex.org/W2103453807","https://openalex.org/W2104335344","https://openalex.org/W2104769793","https://openalex.org/W2126680226","https://openalex.org/W2140693295","https://openalex.org/W2140818404","https://openalex.org/W2212072134","https://openalex.org/W2322772590","https://openalex.org/W2517225990","https://openalex.org/W2560647685","https://openalex.org/W2739325416","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2760814882","https://openalex.org/W2780650076","https://openalex.org/W2788751553","https://openalex.org/W2807461033","https://openalex.org/W2896868164","https://openalex.org/W2909676093","https://openalex.org/W2909756869","https://openalex.org/W2911676551","https://openalex.org/W2915184863","https://openalex.org/W2949024437","https://openalex.org/W2957285709","https://openalex.org/W2960957522","https://openalex.org/W2962730651","https://openalex.org/W2963076818","https://openalex.org/W2963301258","https://openalex.org/W2963588253","https://openalex.org/W2963854019","https://openalex.org/W2966138416","https://openalex.org/W2977530922","https://openalex.org/W2980688251","https://openalex.org/W2981626792","https://openalex.org/W2994948545","https://openalex.org/W2995927862","https://openalex.org/W3008732063","https://openalex.org/W3033060862","https://openalex.org/W3034700241","https://openalex.org/W3035040255","https://openalex.org/W3035400973","https://openalex.org/W3042230461","https://openalex.org/W3049345403","https://openalex.org/W3080902013","https://openalex.org/W3083961261","https://openalex.org/W3093108399","https://openalex.org/W3094345665","https://openalex.org/W3097009184","https://openalex.org/W3107984108","https://openalex.org/W3109072956","https://openalex.org/W3111818140","https://openalex.org/W3128064349","https://openalex.org/W3158409426","https://openalex.org/W3159744142","https://openalex.org/W3168423733","https://openalex.org/W3181414820","https://openalex.org/W3182137715","https://openalex.org/W3190939658","https://openalex.org/W3191050650","https://openalex.org/W3195852174","https://openalex.org/W3200653731","https://openalex.org/W3201864842","https://openalex.org/W3202075110","https://openalex.org/W3203640349","https://openalex.org/W3204670646","https://openalex.org/W4205174466","https://openalex.org/W4205268692","https://openalex.org/W4205653891","https://openalex.org/W4206304946","https://openalex.org/W4214538268","https://openalex.org/W4214564952","https://openalex.org/W4220999639","https://openalex.org/W4221079963","https://openalex.org/W4225145979","https://openalex.org/W4229071024","https://openalex.org/W4282963034","https://openalex.org/W4285219686","https://openalex.org/W4285283749","https://openalex.org/W4285301576","https://openalex.org/W4285414021","https://openalex.org/W4288049693","https://openalex.org/W4292793985","https://openalex.org/W4293518726","https://openalex.org/W4293523317","https://openalex.org/W4304080361","https://openalex.org/W4304080657","https://openalex.org/W4308238328","https://openalex.org/W4312302556","https://openalex.org/W4312320062","https://openalex.org/W4312347918","https://openalex.org/W4312453698","https://openalex.org/W4312623054","https://openalex.org/W4312652114","https://openalex.org/W4312839869","https://openalex.org/W4316924341","https://openalex.org/W4319788144","https://openalex.org/W4319993272","https://openalex.org/W4321021243","https://openalex.org/W4321079301","https://openalex.org/W4322745786","https://openalex.org/W4322747119","https://openalex.org/W4372260237","https://openalex.org/W4372260269","https://openalex.org/W4375868842","https://openalex.org/W4375869431","https://openalex.org/W4379652859","https://openalex.org/W4386065354","https://openalex.org/W4386065639","https://openalex.org/W4386071489","https://openalex.org/W4386071649","https://openalex.org/W4386076037","https://openalex.org/W4386076105","https://openalex.org/W4386472834","https://openalex.org/W4386523789","https://openalex.org/W4387789881","https://openalex.org/W4387968226","https://openalex.org/W4387969169","https://openalex.org/W4389158678","https://openalex.org/W4390871742","https://openalex.org/W4390872881","https://openalex.org/W4390873312","https://openalex.org/W4390874575","https://openalex.org/W4393154968","https://openalex.org/W4393158509","https://openalex.org/W4393159850","https://openalex.org/W4402660148","https://openalex.org/W4402754304","https://openalex.org/W4403081613","https://openalex.org/W4403758820","https://openalex.org/W4403770433","https://openalex.org/W4403887572","https://openalex.org/W4403888955","https://openalex.org/W4403990411","https://openalex.org/W6684072790","https://openalex.org/W6788471670","https://openalex.org/W6790019176","https://openalex.org/W6791353385","https://openalex.org/W6803728232","https://openalex.org/W6809881053","https://openalex.org/W6811072154","https://openalex.org/W6840861152","https://openalex.org/W6846007759","https://openalex.org/W6847143652","https://openalex.org/W6850055747","https://openalex.org/W6856221439","https://openalex.org/W6864671603","https://openalex.org/W6873257666","https://openalex.org/W6873925621"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2133973503","https://openalex.org/W2471060339","https://openalex.org/W2148547327","https://openalex.org/W1989734657","https://openalex.org/W4226236273","https://openalex.org/W2125892956","https://openalex.org/W2130975749","https://openalex.org/W4226004263","https://openalex.org/W2493973380","https://openalex.org/W2394835211"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Gait":[0],"recognition":[1,6,17,61,83],"is":[2,68],"a":[3,69],"prominent":[4],"biometric":[5],"technique":[7],"extensively":[8],"employed":[9],"in":[10,103,124],"public":[11],"security.":[12],"Appearance-based":[13],"and":[14,113,133],"model-based":[15,37],"gait":[16,60,82,95,125],"are":[18],"two":[19],"categories":[20],"of":[21,72,79,94,118],"methods":[22,38,89],"commonly":[23],"used.":[24],"Specifically,":[25],"appearance-based":[26,59,81],"methods,":[27],"which":[28],"use":[29],"silhouettes":[30,56],"to":[31,54,90,136],"represent":[32],"body":[33],"information,":[34],"typically":[35],"outperform":[36],"that":[39,75],"rely":[40],"on":[41,110],"skeleton":[42],"data,":[43],"making":[44],"them":[45],"more":[46],"popular.":[47],"Recently,":[48],"the":[49,77,92,107,115,122,130],"shift":[50],"from":[51],"single-frame":[52],"templates":[53],"multiframe":[55,80],"has":[57],"advanced":[58],"with":[62],"better":[63],"spatiotemporal":[64],"representation.":[65],"However,":[66],"there":[67],"notable":[70],"lack":[71],"comprehensive":[73],"studies":[74],"deepen":[76],"understanding":[78],"methods.":[84,120],"This":[85],"article":[86],"reviews":[87],"various":[88,100],"trace":[91],"evolution":[93],"recognition.":[96],"Furthermore,":[97],"we":[98,127],"unify":[99],"performant":[101],"models":[102],"one":[104],"framework,":[105],"study":[106],"overlooked":[108],"effects":[109],"data":[111],"arrangement,":[112],"explore":[114],"scaling":[116],"ability":[117],"existing":[119],"Besides":[121],"advancement":[123],"recognition,":[126],"also":[128],"summarize":[129],"current":[131],"challenges":[132],"future":[134,138],"prospects":[135],"foster":[137],"research.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
