{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4380763498","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2023.3282599","title":"WPConvNet: An Interpretable Wavelet Packet Kernel-Constrained Convolutional Network for Noise-Robust Fault Diagnosis","display_name":"WPConvNet: An Interpretable Wavelet Packet Kernel-Constrained Convolutional Network for Noise-Robust Fault Diagnosis","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4380763498","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2023.3282599","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37318968"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnnls.2023.3282599","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2023.3282599","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175523","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","issn_l":"2162-237X","issn":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005442338","display_name":"Sinan Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sinan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Power System and Plasma Technology and the School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Power System and Plasma Technology and the School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000345697","display_name":"Tianfu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4388-9578"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianfu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Power System and Plasma Technology and the School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4388-9578","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Power System and Plasma Technology and the School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027894205","display_name":"Chuang Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6616-3791"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuang Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Power System and Plasma Technology and the School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6616-3791","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Power System and Plasma Technology and the School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100779843","display_name":"Xuefeng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0130-3172"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuefeng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Power System and Plasma Technology and the School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0130-3172","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Power System and Plasma Technology and the School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011148961","display_name":"Ruqiang Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1250-4084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruqiang Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1250-4084","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005442338"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.8789,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":80,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9936329,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"10","first_page":"14974","last_page":"14988"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.9753000140190125,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.6969039440155029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6270965933799744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6253645420074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.601172685623169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet","display_name":"Wavelet","score":0.6003556251525879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet-packet-decomposition","display_name":"Wavelet packet decomposition","score":0.5906489491462708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5667710304260254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5526344776153564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.4564211368560791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.42851316928863525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet-transform","display_name":"Wavelet transform","score":0.33636021614074707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3291274309158325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21779990196228027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.6969039440155029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6270965933799744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6253645420074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.601172685623169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47432892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831390","display_name":"Wavelet","level":2,"score":0.6003556251525879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155777637","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2736187","display_name":"Wavelet packet decomposition","level":4,"score":0.5906489491462708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5667710304260254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5526344776153564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.4564211368560791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.42851316928863525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196216189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2867","display_name":"Wavelet transform","level":3,"score":0.33636021614074707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3291274309158325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21779990196228027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnnls.2023.3282599","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2023.3282599","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175523","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","issn_l":"2162-237X","issn":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37318968","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37318968","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5699999928474426}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1303901245","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52175116","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2624780432","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"J2019-IV-0018-0086","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3764207296","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20200046070002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322857","funder_display_name":"Aeronautical Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6644378097","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"92060302","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322857","display_name":"Aeronautical Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/02wq41p38"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2113327167","https://openalex.org/W2121598944","https://openalex.org/W2123045220","https://openalex.org/W2132984323","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2295107390","https://openalex.org/W2411184461","https://openalex.org/W2516809705","https://openalex.org/W2595657631","https://openalex.org/W2746111230","https://openalex.org/W2789811186","https://openalex.org/W2808955427","https://openalex.org/W2888337213","https://openalex.org/W2946048316","https://openalex.org/W2962851944","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W2962872506","https://openalex.org/W2977117446","https://openalex.org/W2981731882","https://openalex.org/W2999516673","https://openalex.org/W3011208721","https://openalex.org/W3015316773","https://openalex.org/W3016467313","https://openalex.org/W3021048621","https://openalex.org/W3039300052","https://openalex.org/W3041076719","https://openalex.org/W3046716936","https://openalex.org/W3122347867","https://openalex.org/W3132191748","https://openalex.org/W3134164546","https://openalex.org/W3134751001","https://openalex.org/W3138819813","https://openalex.org/W3158868365","https://openalex.org/W3174482241","https://openalex.org/W3178658307","https://openalex.org/W3178997227","https://openalex.org/W3185980597","https://openalex.org/W3189867217","https://openalex.org/W3191546606","https://openalex.org/W3199102655","https://openalex.org/W4200381196","https://openalex.org/W4221162995","https://openalex.org/W4234372187","https://openalex.org/W4282940188","https://openalex.org/W4283320105","https://openalex.org/W4288404646","https://openalex.org/W4296915549","https://openalex.org/W4308831279","https://openalex.org/W4311415873","https://openalex.org/W4313229372","https://openalex.org/W4313639565","https://openalex.org/W4313657018","https://openalex.org/W4360770901","https://openalex.org/W6677995690","https://openalex.org/W6685133223","https://openalex.org/W6744627333","https://openalex.org/W6756444276","https://openalex.org/W6757555829","https://openalex.org/W6762929394","https://openalex.org/W6810279518"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4245508182","https://openalex.org/W4233511069","https://openalex.org/W2046633342","https://openalex.org/W2370050053","https://openalex.org/W2372936409","https://openalex.org/W53954450","https://openalex.org/W2365287829","https://openalex.org/W2389645710","https://openalex.org/W2379553594","https://openalex.org/W2351059076"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deep":[0],"learning":[1,62],"(DL)":[2],"has":[3],"present":[4],"great":[5],"diagnostic":[6],"results":[7,161],"in":[8,31,107,146,171],"fault":[9,49,157],"diagnosis":[10,169],"field.":[11],"However,":[12],"the":[13,24,53,61,69,104,117,125,160,164],"poor":[14],"interpretability":[15,174],"and":[16,60,77,138,159,175],"noise":[17,105,176],"robustness":[18],"of":[19,57,64,120,129,173],"DL-based":[20],"methods":[21],"are":[22,79,151],"still":[23],"main":[25],"factors":[26],"limiting":[27],"their":[28],"wide":[29],"application":[30],"industry.":[32],"To":[33],"address":[34],"these":[35],"issues,":[36],"an":[37],"interpretable":[38,145],"wavelet":[39,58,70,93,135],"packet":[40,71,136],"kernel-constrained":[41],"convolutional":[42,65,72,82,127,130],"network":[43,132],"(WPConvNet)":[44],"is":[45,75,89,100,112,144],"proposed":[46,101,165],"for":[47],"noise-robust":[48],"diagnosis,":[50],"which":[51,143],"combines":[52],"feature":[54,108],"extraction":[55],"ability":[56,63],"bases":[59],"kernels":[66],"together.":[67],"First,":[68],"(WPConv)":[73],"layer":[74,88],"proposed,":[76],"constraints":[78],"imposed":[80],"to":[81,102],"kernels,":[83],"so":[84],"that":[85,163],"each":[86],"convolution":[87],"a":[90,96],"learnable":[91],"discrete":[92],"transform.":[94],"Second,":[95],"soft":[97],"threshold":[98,111],"activation":[99],"reduce":[103],"component":[106],"maps,":[109],"whose":[110],"adaptively":[113],"learned":[114],"by":[115],"estimating":[116],"standard":[118],"deviation":[119],"noise.":[121],"Third,":[122],"we":[123],"link":[124],"cascaded":[126],"structure":[128],"neutral":[131],"(CNN)":[133],"with":[134],"decomposition":[137],"reconstruction":[139],"using":[140],"Mallat":[141],"algorithm,":[142],"model":[147],"architecture.":[148],"Extensive":[149],"experiments":[150],"carried":[152],"out":[153],"on":[154],"two":[155],"bearing":[156],"datasets,":[158],"show":[162],"architecture":[166],"outperforms":[167],"other":[168],"models":[170],"terms":[172],"robustness.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-06-02T09:04:35.204637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
