{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3202835798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2022.3158867","title":"Robust Peak Detection for Holter ECGs by Self-Organized Operational Neural Networks","display_name":"Robust Peak Detection for Holter ECGs by Self-Organized Operational Neural Networks","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3202835798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2022.3158867","mag":"3202835798","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35344496"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnnls.2022.3158867","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2022.3158867","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/5962385/6104215/09743556.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175523","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","issn_l":"2162-237X","issn":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/5962385/6104215/09743556.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007583477","display_name":"Moncef Gabbouj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9788-2323"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moncef Gabbouj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","Department of Computing Sciences, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9788-2323","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Sciences, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047979812","display_name":"Serkan K\u0131ranyaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1551-3397"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Serkan Kiranyaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1551-3397","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023371037","display_name":"Junaid Malik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2750-4028"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junaid Malik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","Department of Computing Sciences, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2750-4028","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Sciences, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046483011","display_name":"Muhammad Uzair Zahid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0515-3394"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Uzair Zahid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","Department of Computing Sciences, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Sciences, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090636507","display_name":"T\u00fcrker \u0130nce","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8495-8958"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15059493","display_name":"\u0130zmir University of Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/04hjr4202","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15059493"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Turker Ince","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, &#x0130;zmir University of Economics, &#x0130;zmir, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8495-8958","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, &#x0130;zmir University of Economics, &#x0130;zmir, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15059493"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064486960","display_name":"Muhammad E. H. Chowdhury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0744-8206"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad E. H. Chowdhury","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0744-8206","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003290346","display_name":"Amith Khandakar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7068-9112"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amith Khandakar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7068-9112","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049954961","display_name":"Anas Tahir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5018-0626"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anas Tahir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.6119,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":50,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97705701,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"11","first_page":"9363","last_page":"9374"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7487838268280029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7257902026176453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6824815273284912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5595145225524902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5545008182525635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4925907254219055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.4583752155303955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.42029449343681335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4188659191131592}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7487838268280029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7257902026176453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6824815273284912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5595145225524902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5545008182525635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4925907254219055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.4583752155303955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.42029449343681335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4188659191131592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002681","descriptor_name":"China","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002681","descriptor_name":"China","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002681","descriptor_name":"China","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015716","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography, Ambulatory","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015716","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography, Ambulatory","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015716","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography, Ambulatory","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016014","descriptor_name":"Linear Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016014","descriptor_name":"Linear Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016014","descriptor_name":"Linear Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnnls.2022.3158867","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2022.3158867","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/5962385/6104215/09743556.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175523","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","issn_l":"2162-237X","issn":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35344496","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35344496","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2110.02381","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2110.02381","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2110.02381","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:qspace.qu.edu.qa:10576/41967","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10576/41967","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400014","display_name":"Qatar University QSpace (Qatar University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","host_organization_name":"Qatar University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:trepo.tuni.fi:10024/218328","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://trepo.tuni.fi/handle/10024/218328","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401860","display_name":"Tampere University Institutional Repository (Tampere University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I150589677","host_organization_name":"Tampere University of Applied Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150589677"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnnls.2022.3158867","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2022.3158867","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/5962385/6104215/09743556.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175523","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","issn_l":"2162-237X","issn":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6724021509","display_name":"Advance Warning for Heart Arrhythmia","funder_award_id":"334566","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","funder_display_name":"Academy of Finland"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","display_name":"Academy of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/05k73zm37"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3202835798.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3202835798.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":65,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W164802248","https://openalex.org/W607572140","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1978142137","https://openalex.org/W1995341919","https://openalex.org/W2008027377","https://openalex.org/W2011377831","https://openalex.org/W2049368597","https://openalex.org/W2073294224","https://openalex.org/W2080613901","https://openalex.org/W2100537461","https://openalex.org/W2101166342","https://openalex.org/W2103308415","https://openalex.org/W2104614052","https://openalex.org/W2104624599","https://openalex.org/W2122950314","https://openalex.org/W2124785086","https://openalex.org/W2126487187","https://openalex.org/W2132300419","https://openalex.org/W2140920882","https://openalex.org/W2162273778","https://openalex.org/W2162693370","https://openalex.org/W2163430278","https://openalex.org/W2223222085","https://openalex.org/W2291961022","https://openalex.org/W2423609858","https://openalex.org/W2546712344","https://openalex.org/W2552926193","https://openalex.org/W2589100897","https://openalex.org/W2605056515","https://openalex.org/W2734444710","https://openalex.org/W2746230914","https://openalex.org/W2748902594","https://openalex.org/W2783767524","https://openalex.org/W2796495430","https://openalex.org/W2800952622","https://openalex.org/W2891342985","https://openalex.org/W2908591466","https://openalex.org/W2936010882","https://openalex.org/W2944615888","https://openalex.org/W2946849350","https://openalex.org/W2970725229","https://openalex.org/W2970971581","https://openalex.org/W2979268985","https://openalex.org/W2983181822","https://openalex.org/W3000556081","https://openalex.org/W3002528505","https://openalex.org/W3009352062","https://openalex.org/W3014509131","https://openalex.org/W3020108315","https://openalex.org/W3033404539","https://openalex.org/W3115059287","https://openalex.org/W3120758557","https://openalex.org/W3137944938","https://openalex.org/W3171411730","https://openalex.org/W3202248147","https://openalex.org/W3204558565","https://openalex.org/W4226146699","https://openalex.org/W4295312788","https://openalex.org/W6606625492","https://openalex.org/W6639824700","https://openalex.org/W6717396565","https://openalex.org/W6766978945","https://openalex.org/W6779399486","https://openalex.org/W6810364181"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4375867731","https://openalex.org/W4391621807","https://openalex.org/W2770593030","https://openalex.org/W2611989081","https://openalex.org/W4321487865","https://openalex.org/W3154990682","https://openalex.org/W4226493464","https://openalex.org/W3133861977","https://openalex.org/W2951211570","https://openalex.org/W3103566983"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"numerous":[1],"R-peak":[2,261],"detectors":[3],"have":[4,47,94],"been":[5,37,118],"proposed":[6,223,241],"in":[7,18,52,253],"the":[8,72,97,111,142,169,177,182,193,197,206,222,229,240,254,259],"literature,":[9],"their":[10,75,106,126,172],"robustness":[11],"and":[12,20,249],"performance":[13,50,76,99,145,263],"levels":[14,51],"may":[15],"significantly":[16,227],"deteriorate":[17],"low-quality":[19],"noisy":[21],"signals":[22],"acquired":[23],"from":[24],"mobile":[25],"electrocardiogram":[26],"(ECG)":[27],"sensors,":[28],"such":[29],"as":[30,91],"Holter":[31,53],"monitors.":[32],"Recently,":[33],"this":[34,137],"issue":[35],"has":[36,117,192],"addressed":[38,119],"by":[39,120],"deep":[40,231],"1-D":[41,154,166,224],"convolutional":[42],"neural":[43,122],"networks":[44,123],"(CNNs)":[45],"that":[46,62,96,175,221,239],"achieved":[48],"state-of-the-art":[49,230],"monitors;":[54],"however,":[55],"they":[56],"pose":[57],"a":[58,79,244],"high":[59],"complexity":[60],"level":[61],"requires":[63],"special":[64],"parallelized":[65],"hardware":[66],"setup":[67],"for":[68,181],"real-time":[69],"processing.":[70],"On":[71],"other":[73],"hand,":[74],"deteriorates":[77],"when":[78],"compact":[80],"network":[81,128],"configuration":[82,109,129],"is":[83,87,102,171,258],"used":[84],"instead.":[85],"This":[86,116],"an":[88,148],"expected":[89],"outcome":[90],"recent":[92],"studies":[93],"demonstrated":[95],"learning":[98],"of":[100,165],"CNNs":[101],"limited":[103],"due":[104],"to":[105,139,179,195],"strictly":[107],"homogenous":[108],"with":[110,125,132,147,158,213,233],"sole":[112],"linear":[113],"neuron":[114,187,191],"model.":[115],"operational":[121],"(ONNs)":[124],"heterogenous":[127],"encapsulating":[130],"neurons":[131],"various":[133],"nonlinear":[134],"operators.":[135],"In":[136],"study,":[138],"further":[140],"boost":[141],"peak":[143],"detection":[144,262],"along":[146],"elegant":[149],"computational":[150,235],"efficiency,":[151],"we":[152],"propose":[153],"Self-Organized":[155],"ONNs":[156,170],"(Self-ONNs)":[157],"generative":[159,190],"neurons.":[160],"The":[161,202],"most":[162],"crucial":[163],"advantage":[164],"Self-ONNs":[167,225],"over":[168,205],"self-organization":[173],"capability":[174],"voids":[176],"need":[178],"search":[180],"best":[183,260],"operator":[184,199],"set":[185],"per":[186],"since":[188],"each":[189],"ability":[194],"create":[196],"optimal":[198],"during":[200],"training.":[201],"experimental":[203],"results":[204],"China":[207],"Physiological":[208],"Signal":[209],"Challenge-2020":[210],"(CPSC)":[211],"dataset":[212],"more":[214],"than":[215],"one":[216],"million":[217],"ECG":[218],"beats":[219],"show":[220],"can":[226],"surpass":[228],"CNN":[232],"less":[234],"complexity.":[236],"Results":[237],"demonstrate":[238],"solution":[242],"achieves":[243],"99.10%":[245],"F1-score,":[246],"99.79%":[247],"sensitivity,":[248],"98.42%":[250],"positive":[251],"predictivity":[252],"CPSC":[255],"dataset,":[256],"which":[257],"ever":[264],"achieved.":[265]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
