{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3152682522","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2021.3071564","title":"Whitening-Net: A Generalized Network to Diagnose the Faults Among Different Machines and Conditions","display_name":"Whitening-Net: A Generalized Network to Diagnose the Faults Among Different Machines and Conditions","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3152682522","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2021.3071564","mag":"3152682522","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33886476"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnnls.2021.3071564","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2021.3071564","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175523","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","issn_l":"2162-237X","issn":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100428162","display_name":"Jie Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6391-828X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jie Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6391-828X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100626680","display_name":"Yu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8344-1586"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8344-1586","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100341721","display_name":"Yanyang Zi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0714-6670"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanyang Zi","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0714-6670","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100332506","display_name":"Zhijie Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0316-9204"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhijie Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100428162"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.6605,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":81,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97335434,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"10","first_page":"5845","last_page":"5858"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11062","display_name":"Gear and Bearing Dynamics Analysis","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13891","display_name":"Engineering Diagnostics and Reliability","score":0.9869999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causality","display_name":"Causality (physics)","score":0.6779464483261108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.5869036912918091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5679740309715271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5408203601837158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.521868109703064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5060338377952576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4871232509613037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regularization","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","score":0.4540191888809204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4260520040988922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.42561644315719604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3469982147216797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14725947380065918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64357122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149766","display_name":"Causality (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6779464483261108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.5869036912918091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5679740309715271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5408203601837158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.521868109703064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5060338377952576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4871232509613037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776135515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17143721","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4540191888809204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4260520040988922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.42561644315719604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3469982147216797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14725947380065918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnnls.2021.3071564","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2021.3071564","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175523","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","issn_l":"2162-237X","issn":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33886476","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33886476","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5346287954","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61633001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7826038207","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFC0805701","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8357824336","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51775411","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2019505419","https://openalex.org/W2323403147","https://openalex.org/W2341771485","https://openalex.org/W2692693673","https://openalex.org/W2746111230","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2763583057","https://openalex.org/W2767031373","https://openalex.org/W2781935813","https://openalex.org/W2783453232","https://openalex.org/W2793629656","https://openalex.org/W2794869810","https://openalex.org/W2886924644","https://openalex.org/W2891319189","https://openalex.org/W2893747136","https://openalex.org/W2898375427","https://openalex.org/W2905562891","https://openalex.org/W2907541186","https://openalex.org/W2914298094","https://openalex.org/W2915229515","https://openalex.org/W2939535241","https://openalex.org/W2963374347","https://openalex.org/W2963528347","https://openalex.org/W2967625104","https://openalex.org/W2969372261","https://openalex.org/W2989818023","https://openalex.org/W2990851485","https://openalex.org/W2991632793","https://openalex.org/W2995140071","https://openalex.org/W3003080475","https://openalex.org/W3013623116","https://openalex.org/W3015947038","https://openalex.org/W3016824580","https://openalex.org/W3109831211","https://openalex.org/W3122347867","https://openalex.org/W3149382267","https://openalex.org/W4250482878","https://openalex.org/W4385864301","https://openalex.org/W6638667902","https://openalex.org/W6724804524","https://openalex.org/W6734194636","https://openalex.org/W6743846187","https://openalex.org/W6751546485","https://openalex.org/W6755174428","https://openalex.org/W6766150548","https://openalex.org/W6776070770","https://openalex.org/W6779928312"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3162204513","https://openalex.org/W2081494945","https://openalex.org/W2389053294","https://openalex.org/W1970893504","https://openalex.org/W4312071518","https://openalex.org/W2901208600","https://openalex.org/W2371138613","https://openalex.org/W1677090476","https://openalex.org/W2048963458","https://openalex.org/W43109613"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Intelligent":[0],"bearing":[1,42,190],"diagnostic":[2],"methods":[3],"are":[4,9,192],"developing":[5],"rapidly,":[6],"but":[7],"they":[8],"difficult":[10],"to":[11,14,24,30,37,75,106,118,135,142,146,180],"implement":[12],"due":[13],"the":[15,39,47,56,91,97,101,111,115,137,140,147,150,154,164,175,185,196],"lack":[16],"of":[17,41,58,149,159,166],"real":[18],"industrial":[19],"data.":[20],"A":[21],"feasible":[22],"way":[23],"deal":[25],"with":[26,127],"this":[27,76,85],"problem":[28],"is":[29],"train":[31],"a":[32,70,78,130],"network":[33,49,141,177],"through":[34],"laboratory":[35],"data":[36,98],"mine":[38,119],"causality":[40,148],"faults.":[43],"This":[44,87],"means":[45],"that":[46,174],"constructed":[48],"can":[50,178],"handle":[51],"domain":[52,80,94,155],"deviations":[53],"caused":[54],"by":[55],"change":[57],"machines,":[59,182],"working":[60,187],"conditions,":[61],"noise,":[62],"and":[63,161,189],"so":[64],"on":[65,110],"which":[66,113,172],"is,":[67],"however,":[68],"not":[69],"simple":[71],"task.":[72],"In":[73],"response":[74],"problem,":[77],"new":[79],"generalization":[81],"framework-Whitening-Net-was":[82],"proposed":[83,105,134,176],"in":[84,168],"article.":[86],"framework":[88],"first":[89],"defined":[90],"homologous":[92],"compound":[93],"signal":[95,151],"as":[96],"basis.":[99],"Subsequently,":[100],"causal":[102,128,170],"loss":[103],"was":[104,133],"impose":[107],"regularization":[108],"constraints":[109],"network,":[112],"enhances":[114],"network's":[116],"ability":[117,165],"causality.":[120],"To":[121],"avoid":[122],"domain-specific":[123],"information":[124],"from":[125,195],"interfering":[126],"mining,":[129],"whitening":[131],"structure":[132],"whiten":[136],"domain,":[138],"prompting":[139],"pay":[143],"more":[144],"attention":[145],"rather":[152],"than":[153],"noise.":[156],"The":[157],"results":[158],"diagnosis":[160],"interpretation":[162],"proved":[163],"Whitening-Net":[167],"mining":[169],"mechanisms,":[171],"shows":[173],"generalize":[179],"different":[181,194],"even":[183],"if":[184],"tested":[186],"conditions":[188],"types":[191],"completely":[193],"training":[197],"domains.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
