{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3083724672","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2020.3017184","title":"Dual-Rate Adaptive Optimal Tracking Control for Dense Medium Separation Process Using Neural Networks","display_name":"Dual-Rate Adaptive Optimal Tracking Control for Dense Medium Separation Process Using Neural Networks","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3083724672","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2020.3017184","mag":"3083724672","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32881693"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnnls.2020.3017184","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2020.3017184","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175523","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","issn_l":"2162-237X","issn":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085295698","display_name":"Wei Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3057-7225"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wei Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control for Underground Space, Ministry of Education, China University of Mining Technology, Xuzhou, China","State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control for Underground Space, Ministry of Education, China University of Mining Technology, Xuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100683340","display_name":"Lingzhi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8348-5618"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingzhi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Control Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Control Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042145194","display_name":"Jun Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2196-3669"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042520521","display_name":"Tianyou Chai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4623-1483"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianyou Chai","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033294046","display_name":"Xiaoping Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1692-8797"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoping Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining Technology, Xuzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining Technology, Xuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085295698"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504","https://openalex.org/I9224756"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0232,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89791577,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"9","first_page":"4202","last_page":"4216"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12794","display_name":"Adaptive Dynamic Programming Control","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12794","display_name":"Adaptive Dynamic Programming Control","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10040","display_name":"Adaptive Control of Nonlinear Systems","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.7407076954841614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.6565257906913757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6223878264427185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.6156919002532959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5728937983512878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.5560163259506226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5519846081733704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-control","display_name":"Adaptive control","score":0.5084997415542603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pid-controller","display_name":"PID controller","score":0.4628538191318512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.42505091428756714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.4103480279445648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.4060433804988861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.3575754165649414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22284415364265442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.18893229961395264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-control","display_name":"Temperature control","score":0.1860465109348297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.08378446102142334}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.7407076954841614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.6565257906913757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6223878264427185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.6156919002532959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5728937983512878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.5560163259506226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5519846081733704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107464732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235781","display_name":"Adaptive control","level":3,"score":0.5084997415542603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47116090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q716829","display_name":"PID controller","level":3,"score":0.4628538191318512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.42505091428756714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.4103480279445648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.4060433804988861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.3575754165649414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22284415364265442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.18893229961395264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C536315585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7698332","display_name":"Temperature control","level":2,"score":0.1860465109348297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.08378446102142334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnnls.2020.3017184","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2020.3017184","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175523","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","issn_l":"2162-237X","issn":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32881693","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32881693","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.46000000834465027,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3488210548","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61825301","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3776651585","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61973306","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1518602572","https://openalex.org/W1969953698","https://openalex.org/W1983089547","https://openalex.org/W1998344411","https://openalex.org/W1999213690","https://openalex.org/W2009619312","https://openalex.org/W2017570421","https://openalex.org/W2025085117","https://openalex.org/W2028678875","https://openalex.org/W2029661056","https://openalex.org/W2030262462","https://openalex.org/W2040871222","https://openalex.org/W2052519073","https://openalex.org/W2060686658","https://openalex.org/W2084693097","https://openalex.org/W2108695617","https://openalex.org/W2110040537","https://openalex.org/W2110906824","https://openalex.org/W2114779435","https://openalex.org/W2117680746","https://openalex.org/W2137983211","https://openalex.org/W2138131694","https://openalex.org/W2142430251","https://openalex.org/W2159220867","https://openalex.org/W2165501837","https://openalex.org/W2179832709","https://openalex.org/W2247438021","https://openalex.org/W2518865772","https://openalex.org/W2566343041","https://openalex.org/W2611169749","https://openalex.org/W2762211190","https://openalex.org/W2762709466","https://openalex.org/W2767011307","https://openalex.org/W2791518286","https://openalex.org/W2898866592","https://openalex.org/W3146803896","https://openalex.org/W4211147054","https://openalex.org/W6691194708"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2002388147","https://openalex.org/W3098928304","https://openalex.org/W2394883510","https://openalex.org/W2150958483","https://openalex.org/W2165013373","https://openalex.org/W2121097709","https://openalex.org/W2922503265","https://openalex.org/W1991810297","https://openalex.org/W2032253950","https://openalex.org/W1819950161"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Dense":[0],"medium":[1,18],"separation":[2],"(DMS)":[3],"is":[4,95,101,121,142,145,156],"of":[5,42,53,108,152],"great":[6],"significance":[7],"for":[8,50,73],"coal":[9],"cleaning.":[10],"The":[11,35,158],"DMS":[12,44,75],"control":[13,24,57,71,131,141],"system":[14],"always":[15],"involves":[16],"dense":[17],"density":[19],"adjustment":[20],"and":[21,30,38,139],"ash":[22],"content":[23],"that":[25,133],"are":[26],"operating":[27],"on":[28],"fast":[29],"slow":[31],"time":[32,106],"scales,":[33],"respectively.":[34],"inherent":[36],"time-varying":[37],"strongly":[39],"nonlinear":[40,83],"characteristics":[41],"the":[43,51,74,78,105,109,150,153],"process":[45],"give":[46],"rise":[47],"to":[48,103],"challenges":[49],"design":[52],"this":[54,61,63,125],"multitime":[55],"scale":[56],"system.":[58,76],"To":[59],"address":[60],"issue,":[62],"article":[64],"proposes":[65],"a":[66,82,88,98,115,127],"dual-rate":[67],"adaptive":[68,84,135],"optimal":[69],"tracking":[70],"approach":[72],"For":[77],"basic":[79],"loop":[80],"process,":[81],"PI":[85],"controller":[86],"containing":[87],"neural":[89],"network":[90],"(NN)-based":[91],"unmodeled":[92],"dynamics":[93,120],"compensator":[94],"proposed.":[96],"Then,":[97],"lifting":[99],"technique":[100],"used":[102],"unify":[104],"scales":[107],"two":[110],"loops":[111],"accompanied":[112],"by":[113],"formulating":[114],"generalized":[116],"controlled":[117],"object,":[118],"whose":[119],"completely":[122],"unknown.":[123],"On":[124],"basis,":[126],"data-driven":[128],"operation":[129],"optimization":[130],"method":[132,155],"combines":[134],"dynamic":[136],"programming":[137],"algorithm":[138],"reference":[140],"developed,":[143],"which":[144],"implemented":[146],"using":[147],"NNs.":[148],"Finally,":[149],"stability":[151],"proposed":[154],"analyzed.":[157],"simulation":[159],"results":[160],"indicate":[161],"its":[162],"effectiveness.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-13T07:58:08.660418","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
