{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3043463905","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2020.3006263","title":"Computing Primitive of Fully VCSEL-Based All-Optical Spiking Neural Network for Supervised Learning and Pattern Classification","display_name":"Computing Primitive of Fully VCSEL-Based All-Optical Spiking Neural Network for Supervised Learning and Pattern Classification","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3043463905","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2020.3006263","mag":"3043463905","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32673197"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnnls.2020.3006263","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2020.3006263","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175523","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","issn_l":"2162-237X","issn":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069555022","display_name":"Shuiying Xiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1698-2083"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shuiying Xiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1698-2083","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049824009","display_name":"Zhenxing Ren","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenxing Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019374620","display_name":"Ziwei Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1782-0227"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziwei Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100705235","display_name":"Yahui Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2089-8087"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yahui Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101708353","display_name":"Xingxing Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3699-7258"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingxing Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055388927","display_name":"Genquan Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5140-4150"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Genquan Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100750974","display_name":"Yue Hao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-2919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069555022"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.9689,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":101,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98294376,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"6","first_page":"2494","last_page":"2505"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spiking-neural-network","display_name":"Spiking neural network","score":0.8290669918060303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7350269556045532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromorphic-engineering","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","score":0.6888058185577393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5205075144767761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-amplifier","display_name":"Optical amplifier","score":0.49843430519104004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photonics","display_name":"Photonics","score":0.4776236414909363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vertical-cavity-surface-emitting-laser","display_name":"Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser","score":0.47007137537002563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-switch","display_name":"Optical switch","score":0.41448312997817993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-computing","display_name":"Optical computing","score":0.4102901220321655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4025556445121765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.3626594543457031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3592469096183777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.2649996280670166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.19739004969596863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1846388280391693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.1801360845565796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09422570466995239}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11731999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9067355","display_name":"Spiking neural network","level":3,"score":0.8290669918060303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7350269556045532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151927369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981312","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","level":3,"score":0.6888058185577393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5205075144767761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101649071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1359305","display_name":"Optical amplifier","level":3,"score":0.49843430519104004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20788544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467054","display_name":"Photonics","level":2,"score":0.4776236414909363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106246969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2009618","display_name":"Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser","level":3,"score":0.47007137537002563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101336846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105111","display_name":"Optical switch","level":2,"score":0.41448312997817993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148204187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176541","display_name":"Optical computing","level":2,"score":0.4102901220321655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4025556445121765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.3626594543457031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3592469096183777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.2649996280670166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.19739004969596863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1846388280391693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.1801360845565796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09422570466995239}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069553","descriptor_name":"Supervised Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069553","descriptor_name":"Supervised Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069553","descriptor_name":"Supervised Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003199","descriptor_name":"Computer Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003199","descriptor_name":"Computer Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003199","descriptor_name":"Computer Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007834","descriptor_name":"Lasers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007834","descriptor_name":"Lasers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007834","descriptor_name":"Lasers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009473","descriptor_name":"Neuronal Plasticity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009473","descriptor_name":"Neuronal Plasticity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009473","descriptor_name":"Neuronal Plasticity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013569","descriptor_name":"Synapses","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013569","descriptor_name":"Synapses","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013569","descriptor_name":"Synapses","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnnls.2020.3006263","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2020.3006263","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175523","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","issn_l":"2162-237X","issn":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32673197","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32673197","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5400000214576721}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2369823885","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61674119","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4718052211","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61974177","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7850376774","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB2200500","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":113,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W101771737","https://openalex.org/W345956458","https://openalex.org/W1195897156","https://openalex.org/W1542981317","https://openalex.org/W1570411240","https://openalex.org/W1695065985","https://openalex.org/W1843946745","https://openalex.org/W1937359183","https://openalex.org/W1963755038","https://openalex.org/W1965678517","https://openalex.org/W1971390819","https://openalex.org/W1989726378","https://openalex.org/W1990221069","https://openalex.org/W2001218774","https://openalex.org/W2001543065","https://openalex.org/W2004957988","https://openalex.org/W2006370340","https://openalex.org/W2007815184","https://openalex.org/W2020676607","https://openalex.org/W2021379807","https://openalex.org/W2027844840","https://openalex.org/W2031180882","https://openalex.org/W2054113233","https://openalex.org/W2062899906","https://openalex.org/W2079995124","https://openalex.org/W2082283594","https://openalex.org/W2089316513","https://openalex.org/W2096473662","https://openalex.org/W2096671349","https://openalex.org/W2102397476","https://openalex.org/W2111756039","https://openalex.org/W2113902497","https://openalex.org/W2114206226","https://openalex.org/W2115831804","https://openalex.org/W2126061737","https://openalex.org/W2127388521","https://openalex.org/W2130360162","https://openalex.org/W2130589631","https://openalex.org/W2130974072","https://openalex.org/W2138913040","https://openalex.org/W2146273089","https://openalex.org/W2147101007","https://openalex.org/W2148950352","https://openalex.org/W2151542182","https://openalex.org/W2154616847","https://openalex.org/W2155954834","https://openalex.org/W2163630896","https://openalex.org/W2165639766","https://openalex.org/W2170968634","https://openalex.org/W2263410234","https://openalex.org/W2323661099","https://openalex.org/W2334884940","https://openalex.org/W2401577158","https://openalex.org/W2407840779","https://openalex.org/W2415113927","https://openalex.org/W2512481274","https://openalex.org/W2512805308","https://openalex.org/W2513853720","https://openalex.org/W2545094546","https://openalex.org/W2569813014","https://openalex.org/W2592840061","https://openalex.org/W2603756415","https://openalex.org/W2604521331","https://openalex.org/W2613205562","https://openalex.org/W2618255684","https://openalex.org/W2620342231","https://openalex.org/W2758404936","https://openalex.org/W2765399440","https://openalex.org/W2769049661","https://openalex.org/W2779025322","https://openalex.org/W2782150035","https://openalex.org/W2783525259","https://openalex.org/W2789486849","https://openalex.org/W2792432942","https://openalex.org/W2793591175","https://openalex.org/W2795627216","https://openalex.org/W2796323669","https://openalex.org/W2798878556","https://openalex.org/W2803706985","https://openalex.org/W2807750997","https://openalex.org/W2885353267","https://openalex.org/W2887821346","https://openalex.org/W2888329769","https://openalex.org/W2890412128","https://openalex.org/W2898608569","https://openalex.org/W2900201430","https://openalex.org/W2906829733","https://openalex.org/W2921203846","https://openalex.org/W2921972904","https://openalex.org/W2934200908","https://openalex.org/W2939710518","https://openalex.org/W2944119451","https://openalex.org/W2950922515","https://openalex.org/W2957207045","https://openalex.org/W2962030076","https://openalex.org/W2962715917","https://openalex.org/W2963454494","https://openalex.org/W2966081953","https://openalex.org/W2967826606","https://openalex.org/W2979879900","https://openalex.org/W2990793844","https://openalex.org/W3103145197","https://openalex.org/W3105385913","https://openalex.org/W3105419323","https://openalex.org/W4211228099","https://openalex.org/W4238614602","https://openalex.org/W4251123427","https://openalex.org/W4300223384","https://openalex.org/W6729305029","https://openalex.org/W6739201545","https://openalex.org/W6757635750","https://openalex.org/W6785720080","https://openalex.org/W6808371597"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3089892344","https://openalex.org/W4386227293","https://openalex.org/W4313442939","https://openalex.org/W4372267706","https://openalex.org/W2885510266","https://openalex.org/W2960220682","https://openalex.org/W4288055417","https://openalex.org/W4287758233","https://openalex.org/W4205804651","https://openalex.org/W3023142506"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"propose":[1],"computing":[2,161],"primitive":[3,162],"for":[4,17,170],"an":[5,164],"all-optical":[6,55,81,89,117,152,165],"spiking":[7],"neural":[8],"network":[9],"(SNN)":[10],"based":[11,32,167],"on":[12,33,168],"vertical-cavity":[13,38],"surface-emitting":[14],"lasers":[15],"(VCSELs)":[16],"supervised":[18,99,171],"learning":[19,100,172],"by":[20,76,97,121],"using":[21],"biologically":[22],"plausible":[23],"mechanisms.":[24],"The":[25,48,142],"spike-timing-dependent":[26],"plasticity":[27],"(STDP)":[28],"model":[29,52,145],"was":[30,57],"established":[31],"the":[34,37,54,62,77,87,104,112,116,125,139,155,160,180],"dynamics":[35,65],"of":[36,53,93,115,151,157,163],"semiconductor":[39],"optical":[40],"amplifier":[41],"(VCSOA)":[42],"subject":[43],"to":[44,138],"dual-optical":[45],"pulse":[46],"injection.":[47],"neuron-synapse":[49],"self-consistent":[50],"unified":[51,144],"SNN":[56,90,118,166],"developed,":[58],"which":[59,103,135,178],"enables":[60,146],"reproducing":[61],"essential":[63],"neuron-like":[64],"and":[66,74,106,149],"STDP":[67],"function.":[68],"Optical":[69],"character":[70],"numbers":[71,96],"are":[72,119],"trained":[73],"tested":[75],"proposed":[78,88,133],"fully":[79,183],"VCSEL-based":[80,184],"SNN.":[82,153],"Simulation":[83],"results":[84],"show":[85],"that":[86],"is":[91,128,136],"capable":[92],"recognizing":[94],"ten":[95],"a":[98],"algorithm,":[101],"in":[102,131],"input":[105],"output":[107],"patterns":[108],"as":[109,111],"well":[110],"teacher":[113],"signals":[114],"represented":[120],"spatiotemporal":[122],"fashions.":[123],"Moreover,":[124],"lateral":[126],"inhibition":[127],"not":[129,174],"required":[130],"our":[132,158],"architecture,":[134],"friendly":[137],"hardware":[140],"implementation.":[141],"system-level":[143],"architecture-algorithm":[147],"codesigns":[148],"optimization":[150],"To":[154],"best":[156],"knowledge,":[159],"VCSELs":[169],"has":[173],"yet":[175],"been":[176],"reported,":[177],"paves":[179],"way":[181],"toward":[182],"large-scale":[185],"photonic":[186],"neuromorphic":[187],"systems":[188],"with":[189],"low":[190],"power":[191],"consumption.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}