{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2345189929","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2015.2511179","title":"Affinity and Penalty Jointly Constrained Spectral Clustering With All-Compatibility, Flexibility, and Robustness","display_name":"Affinity and Penalty Jointly Constrained Spectral Clustering With All-Compatibility, Flexibility, and Robustness","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-02-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2345189929","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2015.2511179","mag":"2345189929","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26915134"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnnls.2015.2511179","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2015.2511179","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175523","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","issn_l":"2162-237X","issn":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://doi.org/10.1109/TNNLS.2015.2511179","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018829722","display_name":"Pengjiang Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5596-3694"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111599522","display_name":"Jiangnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mkzax54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pengjiang Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Digital Media, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Digital Media, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068828491","display_name":"Yizhang Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4558-9803"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111599522","display_name":"Jiangnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mkzax54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yizhang Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Digital Media, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Digital Media, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003183751","display_name":"Shitong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8393-6554"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111599522","display_name":"Jiangnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mkzax54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shitong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Digital Media, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Digital Media, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019788988","display_name":"Kuan\u2010Hao Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4065-7459"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kuan-Hao Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["Case Center for Imaging Research, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Case Center for Imaging Research, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100712167","display_name":"Jun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9548-0411"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111599522","display_name":"Jiangnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mkzax54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103046381","display_name":"Lingzhi Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5355-3803"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127373","display_name":"Highland Community College - Illinois","ror":"https://ror.org/02mxywv89","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127373"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131230","display_name":"Philips (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03kw6wr76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122849","https://openalex.org/I4210131230"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingzhi Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Philips Electronics North America, Highland Heights, OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Philips Electronics North America, Highland Heights, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127373","https://openalex.org/I4210131230"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075171975","display_name":"Raymond F. Muzic","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raymond F. Muzic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Case Center for Imaging Research, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Case Center for Imaging Research, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018829722"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3421,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":66,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96388474,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"5","first_page":"1123","last_page":"1138"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10637","display_name":"Advanced Clustering Algorithms Research","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compatibility","display_name":"Compatibility (geochemistry)","score":0.7259687781333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.659945547580719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5334176421165466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5329338908195496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-clustering","display_name":"Spectral clustering","score":0.4568129777908325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4226396083831787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3044120967388153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.22917869687080383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.17529761791229248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.15831154584884644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.0658312737941742}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778648169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q967768","display_name":"Compatibility (geochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.7259687781333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.659945547580719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5334176421165466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5329338908195496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105611402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2976589","display_name":"Spectral clustering","level":3,"score":0.4568129777908325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4226396083831787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3044120967388153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.22917869687080383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.17529761791229248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.15831154584884644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0658312737941742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnnls.2015.2511179","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2015.2511179","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175523","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","issn_l":"2162-237X","issn":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:26915134","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26915134","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:4842923","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC4990515","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4990515","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1109/TNNLS.2015.2511179","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4990515","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1109/TNNLS.2015.2511179","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G188522164","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK201221834","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4281628049","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01CA196687","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7555006562","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61572236","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G77686544","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61272210","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8264334281","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61202311","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W746201","https://openalex.org/W1835456670","https://openalex.org/W1966461475","https://openalex.org/W1974107857","https://openalex.org/W2002041442","https://openalex.org/W2005634958","https://openalex.org/W2054408796","https://openalex.org/W2063078340","https://openalex.org/W2088857627","https://openalex.org/W2090668741","https://openalex.org/W2094533840","https://openalex.org/W2097341236","https://openalex.org/W2098980230","https://openalex.org/W2105979014","https://openalex.org/W2108154570","https://openalex.org/W2113859276","https://openalex.org/W2117766076","https://openalex.org/W2121947440","https://openalex.org/W2125531986","https://openalex.org/W2128999403","https://openalex.org/W2131687179","https://openalex.org/W2132603077","https://openalex.org/W2132914434","https://openalex.org/W2134737843","https://openalex.org/W2135674549","https://openalex.org/W2135957668","https://openalex.org/W2137137397","https://openalex.org/W2139823104","https://openalex.org/W2140190241","https://openalex.org/W2154415691","https://openalex.org/W2161498107","https://openalex.org/W2163927416","https://openalex.org/W2165698076","https://openalex.org/W2165874743","https://openalex.org/W2172163269","https://openalex.org/W2218060551","https://openalex.org/W2403445823","https://openalex.org/W2912210943","https://openalex.org/W2913340405","https://openalex.org/W2963302148","https://openalex.org/W4255387915","https://openalex.org/W6626039241","https://openalex.org/W6673083800","https://openalex.org/W6675897897","https://openalex.org/W6680434193","https://openalex.org/W6682991666","https://openalex.org/W6684578312","https://openalex.org/W6688661765","https://openalex.org/W6713077331","https://openalex.org/W6758700058"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2390255551","https://openalex.org/W2367511445","https://openalex.org/W2381930792","https://openalex.org/W2358901819","https://openalex.org/W745733672","https://openalex.org/W2983545107","https://openalex.org/W2389102290","https://openalex.org/W2094745766","https://openalex.org/W233026431","https://openalex.org/W1482912984"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,82,211],"existing,":[1],"semisupervised,":[2],"spectral":[3,37,55,65],"clustering":[4,38,56,66],"approaches":[5],"have":[6],"two":[7,30],"major":[8],"drawbacks,":[9],"i.e.,":[10,127],"either":[11],"they":[12,21,162],"cannot":[13],"cope":[14],"with":[15,120],"multiple":[16],"categories":[17,124],"of":[18,84,125,182],"supervision":[19],"or":[20],"sometimes":[22],"exhibit":[23],"unstable":[24],"effectiveness.":[25],"To":[26],"address":[27],"these":[28,218],"issues,":[29],"normalized":[31],"affinity":[32,50,60,94,191],"and":[33,51,58,61,78,95,102,115,132,144,172,198,206,216,223],"penalty":[34,52,62,96],"jointly":[35,53,63,97],"constrained":[36,54,64,98],"frameworks":[39],"as":[40,42,48],"well":[41],"their":[43],"corresponding":[44],"algorithms,":[45],"referred":[46],"to":[47,76,80,137,165,179,187],"type-I":[49,77],"(TI-APJCSC)":[57],"type-II":[59],"(TII-APJCSC),":[67],"respectively,":[68],"are":[69,104,117,146,201],"proposed":[70],"in":[71,155],"this":[72,85],"paper.":[73],"TI":[74],"refers":[75],"TII":[79],"type-II.":[81],"significance":[83],"paper":[86],"is":[87],"fourfold.":[88],"First,":[89],"benefiting":[90],"from":[91],"the":[92,109,121,138,156,180,188,195],"distinctive":[93],"strategies,":[99],"both":[100,113,142,170,221],"TI-APJCSC":[101,114,143,171,197],"TII-APJCSC":[103,116,145,173,199],"substantially":[105],"more":[106],"effective":[107],"than":[108],"existing":[110],"methods.":[111],"Second,":[112],"fully":[118],"compatible":[119],"three":[122],"well-known":[123],"supervision,":[126],"class":[128],"labels,":[129],"pairwise":[130,183],"constraints,":[131],"grouping":[133],"information.":[134],"Third,":[135],"owing":[136],"delicate":[139],"framework":[140],"normalization,":[141],"quite":[147],"flexible.":[148],"With":[149],"a":[150],"simple":[151],"tradeoff":[152],"factor":[153],"varying":[154],"small":[157],"fixed":[158],"interval":[159],"(0,":[160],"1],":[161],"can":[163],"self-adapt":[164],"any":[166],"semisupervised":[167,208,225],"scenario.":[168],"Finally,":[169],"demonstrate":[174],"strong":[175],"robustness,":[176],"not":[177],"only":[178],"number":[181],"constraints":[184],"but":[185],"also":[186],"parameter":[189],"for":[190,204],"measurement.":[192],"As":[193],"such,":[194],"novel":[196],"algorithms":[200],"very":[202],"practical":[203],"medium-":[205],"small-scale":[207],"data":[209,226],"sets.":[210,227],"experimental":[212],"studies":[213],"thoroughly":[214],"evaluated":[215],"demonstrated":[217],"advantages":[219],"on":[220],"synthetic":[222],"real-life":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}