{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2033242001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2015.2411673","title":"QoS Differential Scheduling in Cognitive-Radio-Based Smart Grid Networks: An Adaptive Dynamic Programming Approach","display_name":"QoS Differential Scheduling in Cognitive-Radio-Based Smart Grid Networks: An Adaptive Dynamic Programming Approach","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-04-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2033242001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2015.2411673","mag":"2033242001","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25910254"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnnls.2015.2411673","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2015.2411673","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175523","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","issn_l":"2162-237X","issn":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100659097","display_name":"Rong Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9042-7256"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139024713","display_name":"Guangdong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04azbjn80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rong Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, the Guangdong University of Technology and the Guangdong Key Laboratory of IoT Information Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, the Guangdong University of Technology and the Guangdong Key Laboratory of IoT Information Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085598485","display_name":"Weifeng Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3588-2018"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139024713","display_name":"Guangdong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04azbjn80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weifeng Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, the Guangdong University of Technology and the Guangdong Key Laboratory of IoT Information Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, the Guangdong University of Technology and the Guangdong Key Laboratory of IoT Information Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043262479","display_name":"Shengli Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2041-5214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139024713","display_name":"Guangdong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04azbjn80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengli Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, the Guangdong University of Technology and the Guangdong Key Laboratory of IoT Information Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, the Guangdong University of Technology and the Guangdong Key Laboratory of IoT Information Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111905427","display_name":"Yan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2168-9674"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799829267","display_name":"Simula Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/00vn06n10","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799829267"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","display_name":"University of Oslo","ror":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139024713","display_name":"Guangdong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04azbjn80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}],"countries":["CN","NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, the Guangdong University of Technology and the Guangdong Key Laboratory of IoT Information Technology, Guangzhou, China","Simula Research Laboratory, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway","Simula Research Laboratory/ University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, the Guangdong University of Technology and the Guangdong Key Laboratory of IoT Information Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Simula Research Laboratory, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799829267","https://openalex.org/I184942183"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Simula Research Laboratory/ University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799829267","https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100356768","display_name":"Yun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6367-9469"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799829267","display_name":"Simula Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/00vn06n10","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799829267"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139024713","display_name":"Guangdong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04azbjn80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","display_name":"University of Oslo","ror":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}],"countries":["CN","NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, the Guangdong University of Technology and the Guangdong Key Laboratory of IoT Information Technology, Guangzhou, China","Simula Research Laboratory, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, the Guangdong University of Technology and the Guangdong Key Laboratory of IoT Information Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Simula Research Laboratory, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799829267","https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100659097"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.5105,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":76,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96987794,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"2","first_page":"435","last_page":"443"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12794","display_name":"Adaptive Dynamic Programming Control","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7720996737480164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.7269659638404846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.6731870174407959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.6537873148918152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5508735179901123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5267374515533447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-decision-process","display_name":"Markov decision process","score":0.5025203227996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.43484681844711304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partially-observable-markov-decision-process","display_name":"Partially observable Markov decision process","score":0.43300485610961914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-priority-scheduling","display_name":"Dynamic priority scheduling","score":0.4127742648124695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.17703616619110107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-process","display_name":"Markov process","score":0.16714206337928772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-model","display_name":"Markov model","score":0.13744774460792542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.12326890230178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.11551612615585327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11340314149856567}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7720996737480164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.7269659638404846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.6731870174407959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.6537873148918152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5508735179901123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5267374515533447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106189395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176789","display_name":"Markov decision process","level":3,"score":0.5025203227996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.43484681844711304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17098449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176814","display_name":"Partially observable Markov decision process","level":4,"score":0.43300485610961914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107568181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5319000","display_name":"Dynamic priority scheduling","level":3,"score":0.4127742648124695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.17703616619110107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.16714206337928772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163836022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6771326","display_name":"Markov model","level":3,"score":0.13744774460792542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.12326890230178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.11551612615585327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11340314149856567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnnls.2015.2411673","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2015.2411673","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175523","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","issn_l":"2162-237X","issn":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:25910254","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25910254","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1282122117","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1201253","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1681700020","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1401252","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2398824490","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61322306","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2647529381","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"217006/E20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323299","funder_display_name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3585427770","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61422201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5568488553","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61333013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5986466793","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1301255","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6402936289","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61370159","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323299","display_name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","ror":"https://ror.org/00epmv149"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968676143","https://openalex.org/W1987657756","https://openalex.org/W1999678919","https://openalex.org/W2011284636","https://openalex.org/W2027029581","https://openalex.org/W2029029052","https://openalex.org/W2030038728","https://openalex.org/W2037175984","https://openalex.org/W2050838777","https://openalex.org/W2072740416","https://openalex.org/W2077353100","https://openalex.org/W2081758070","https://openalex.org/W2083852337","https://openalex.org/W2085028469","https://openalex.org/W2089758604","https://openalex.org/W2090135854","https://openalex.org/W2104523419","https://openalex.org/W2106467270","https://openalex.org/W2107267079","https://openalex.org/W2111980775","https://openalex.org/W2114667096","https://openalex.org/W2116488102","https://openalex.org/W2119531181","https://openalex.org/W2132858840","https://openalex.org/W2153492240","https://openalex.org/W2172075854","https://openalex.org/W2552682083","https://openalex.org/W6682718589"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2116441277","https://openalex.org/W2176656248","https://openalex.org/W2298116686","https://openalex.org/W2693773189","https://openalex.org/W1526281004","https://openalex.org/W2096013579","https://openalex.org/W52153049","https://openalex.org/W1760611253","https://openalex.org/W1515117609","https://openalex.org/W1589140671"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"the":[1,19,24,37,42,61,67,79,84,94,97,114,119,123,126,131,151,166,170,174,179,188,193,203,208,218,232],"next-generation":[2],"power":[3],"grid,":[4],"smart":[5,52,69,88,115,236],"grid":[6,53,70,89],"will":[7],"be":[8],"integrated":[9],"with":[10],"a":[11,144,227],"variety":[12],"of":[13,27,29,87,134,153,181,195,212],"novel":[14],"communication":[15],"technologies":[16],"to":[17,40,101,106,129,191,226],"support":[18],"explosive":[20],"data":[21,85,220],"traffic":[22],"and":[23,48,82,109,148,184,186],"diverse":[25],"requirements":[26],"quality":[28],"service":[30],"(QoS).":[31],"Cognitive":[32],"radio":[33],"(CR),":[34],"which":[35],"has":[36],"favorable":[38],"ability":[39],"improve":[41],"spectrum":[43,80],"utilization,":[44],"provides":[45],"an":[46],"efficient":[47],"reliable":[49],"solution":[50],"for":[51,77,165],"communications":[54,71],"networks.":[55,72],"In":[56,216],"this":[57],"paper,":[58],"we":[59],"study":[60],"QoS":[62,234],"differential":[63,95,233],"scheduling":[64,139,167,189],"problem":[65,140],"in":[66,113,235],"CR-based":[68],"The":[73,136],"scheduler":[74,124],"is":[75,141,163,223],"responsible":[76],"managing":[78],"resources":[81],"arranging":[83],"transmissions":[86],"users":[90,183],"(SGUs).":[91],"To":[92],"guarantee":[93],"QoS,":[96],"SGUs":[98],"are":[99],"assigned":[100],"have":[102],"different":[103],"priorities":[104],"according":[105],"their":[107,110],"roles":[108],"current":[111],"situations":[112],"grid.":[116,237],"Based":[117],"on":[118],"QoS-aware":[120],"priority":[121,205,214],"policy,":[122],"adjusts":[125],"channels":[127],"allocation":[128],"minimize":[130],"transmission":[132,138,196,210,221],"delay":[133,197,211,222],"SGUs.":[135,215],"entire":[137],"formulated":[142],"as":[143],"semi-Markov":[145],"decision":[146,190],"process":[147],"solved":[149],"by":[150],"methodology":[152],"adaptive":[154],"dynamic":[155,159],"programming.":[156],"A":[157],"heuristic":[158],"programming":[160],"(HDP)":[161],"architecture":[162],"established":[164],"problem.":[168],"By":[169],"online":[171],"network":[172],"training,":[173],"HDP":[175],"can":[176],"learn":[177],"from":[178],"activities":[180],"primary":[182],"SGUs,":[185],"adjust":[187],"achieve":[192],"purpose":[194],"minimization.":[198],"Simulation":[199],"results":[200],"illustrate":[201],"that":[202],"proposed":[204],"policy":[206],"ensures":[207],"low":[209,229],"high":[213],"addition,":[217],"emergency":[219],"also":[224],"reduced":[225],"significantly":[228],"level,":[230],"guaranteeing":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
