{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4313591420","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2022.3229407","title":"Clock Offset Estimation for Systems With Asymmetric Packet Delays","display_name":"Clock Offset Estimation for Systems With Asymmetric Packet Delays","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4313591420","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2022.3229407"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnet.2022.3229407","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2022.3229407","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62238642","display_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","issn_l":"1063-6692","issn":["1063-6692","1558-2566"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048616643","display_name":"Young-Mok Ha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7139-2852"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142401562","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Youngmok Ha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Daejeon, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7139-2852","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Daejeon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074220055","display_name":"Eunji Pak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6959-8029"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142401562","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eunji Pak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Daejeon, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6959-8029","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Daejeon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064941086","display_name":"Jongkil Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1302-3573"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58716616","display_name":"Korea Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05kzfa883","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27494661","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098","https://openalex.org/I4387152098","https://openalex.org/I58716616"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jongkil Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1302-3573","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58716616"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100452188","display_name":"Taeho Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5061-206X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142401562","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taeho Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Daejeon, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5061-206X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Daejeon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037589971","display_name":"Ji Won Yoon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2123-9849"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ji Won Yoon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Information Security, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2123-9849","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Information Security, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048616643"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.148,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91833302,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"4","first_page":"1838","last_page":"1853"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9767000079154968,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.7316634058952332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6918445229530334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asymmetry","display_name":"Asymmetry","score":0.6579737663269043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-synchronization","display_name":"Clock synchronization","score":0.6513074636459351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/timestamp","display_name":"Timestamp","score":0.5932180881500244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.5754876136779785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.5372294187545776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-offset","display_name":"Frequency offset","score":0.48300492763519287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-skew","display_name":"Clock skew","score":0.4528173506259918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-domain-crossing","display_name":"Clock domain crossing","score":0.4438195824623108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4397210478782654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3584563732147217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronous-circuit","display_name":"Synchronous circuit","score":0.1950817108154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-signal","display_name":"Clock signal","score":0.19214630126953125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.152963787317276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.13626199960708618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jitter","display_name":"Jitter","score":0.09321939945220947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.08479610085487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07680493593215942}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.7316634058952332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6918445229530334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38976095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752641","display_name":"Asymmetry","level":2,"score":0.6579737663269043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129891060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513059","display_name":"Clock synchronization","level":4,"score":0.6513074636459351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113954288","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186885","display_name":"Timestamp","level":2,"score":0.5932180881500244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.5754876136779785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.5372294187545776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49319798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5502874","display_name":"Frequency offset","level":4,"score":0.48300492763519287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60501442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4382014","display_name":"Clock skew","level":4,"score":0.4528173506259918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127204226","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5134799","display_name":"Clock domain crossing","level":5,"score":0.4438195824623108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4397210478782654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3584563732147217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42196554","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1186179","display_name":"Synchronous circuit","level":4,"score":0.1950817108154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137059387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426882","display_name":"Clock signal","level":3,"score":0.19214630126953125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.152963787317276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.13626199960708618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.09321939945220947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.08479610085487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07680493593215942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnet.2022.3229407","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2022.3229407","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62238642","display_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","issn_l":"1063-6692","issn":["1063-6692","1558-2566"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1019971888","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022-0-00769","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8454546112","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"B0101-16-0663","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0hqq23"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1534433188","https://openalex.org/W1544274373","https://openalex.org/W1545370368","https://openalex.org/W1967446311","https://openalex.org/W1968909497","https://openalex.org/W1979379431","https://openalex.org/W1996410343","https://openalex.org/W2003321974","https://openalex.org/W2033252921","https://openalex.org/W2035165080","https://openalex.org/W2035326564","https://openalex.org/W2044103179","https://openalex.org/W2057475323","https://openalex.org/W2100846830","https://openalex.org/W2105934661","https://openalex.org/W2109711330","https://openalex.org/W2115729368","https://openalex.org/W2144898279","https://openalex.org/W2146316402","https://openalex.org/W2170715240","https://openalex.org/W2537902178","https://openalex.org/W2596227469","https://openalex.org/W2756793307","https://openalex.org/W2762963503","https://openalex.org/W2772201437","https://openalex.org/W2916087751","https://openalex.org/W2916193767","https://openalex.org/W2964239615","https://openalex.org/W2968234549","https://openalex.org/W3022738311","https://openalex.org/W3157814377","https://openalex.org/W4206459018","https://openalex.org/W4225083954","https://openalex.org/W4229491434","https://openalex.org/W4253073878","https://openalex.org/W4253765419","https://openalex.org/W4292483811","https://openalex.org/W6631908787","https://openalex.org/W6750847628"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2292909929","https://openalex.org/W1497331638","https://openalex.org/W2056489071","https://openalex.org/W2109520798","https://openalex.org/W4387123206","https://openalex.org/W4380625041","https://openalex.org/W3042764681","https://openalex.org/W2112753925","https://openalex.org/W2246178160","https://openalex.org/W2034027452"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,96,124],"new":[4],"clock":[5,15,40,135,141],"offset":[6,41,136,142],"estimation":[7,137],"that":[8,45,62,191],"mitigates":[9],"unwanted":[10],"link":[11],"asymmetry":[12,65,91],"for":[13],"precise":[14],"synchronization.":[16],"The":[17,131],"main":[18],"contribution":[19],"is":[20],"to":[21,75,105,175,190],"address":[22],"the":[23,30,43,46,55,60,68,76,81,84,86,90,93,103,115,119,146,150,171,195],"primary":[24],"and":[25,101,107,166],"traditional":[26],"design":[27],"issue":[28],"of":[29,48,70,83,95,118,149,173,177,192,197],"IEEE":[31],"1588":[32],"standard":[33],"precision":[34],"time":[35,77],"protocol":[36],"(PTP),":[37],"which":[38],"estimates":[39],"under":[42],"assumption":[44],"delays":[47],"exchanged":[49],"packets":[50],"are":[51],"symmetric.":[52],"To":[53],"mitigate":[54],"issue,":[56],"we":[57,112,122],"focus":[58],"on":[59,179],"fact":[61],"PTP":[63,134,159],"measures":[64],"variation":[66],"through":[67],"derivatives":[69],"its":[71],"timestamps":[72],"with":[73,153],"respect":[74],"step.":[78],"By":[79],"exploiting":[80],"measurement":[82],"variation,":[85],"proposed":[87,151],"approach":[88,157,185],"defines":[89],"in":[92],"form":[94],"linear":[97],"differential":[98],"equation":[99],"(LDE)":[100],"leverages":[102],"LDE":[104],"define":[106],"exclude":[108],"asymmetry-induced":[109],"errors.":[110],"Additionally,":[111],"clearly":[113],"derive":[114,123],"state":[116],"transition":[117],"asymmetry.":[120],"Subsequently,":[121],"novel":[125],"state-space":[126],"model":[127,132],"from":[128],"our":[129],"approach.":[130],"describes":[133],"perfectly,":[138],"allowing":[139],"optimal":[140],"estimation.":[143],"We":[144],"verify":[145],"theoretical":[147],"validity":[148],"method":[152],"real":[154],"data.":[155],"Our":[156,184],"improves":[158],"accuracy":[160,169,188],"by":[161],"more":[162],"than":[163],"thousand":[164],"times":[165],"achieves":[167],"an":[168,180,187],"at":[170],"level":[172],"tens":[174],"hundreds":[176],"nanoseconds":[178],"asymmetric":[181],"communication":[182],"link.":[183],"realizes":[186],"comparable":[189],"PTPv2,":[193],"without":[194],"cost":[196],"specialized":[198],"hardware.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
