{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3207674523","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2021.3118005","title":"GPF+: A Novel Ultrafast GPU-Based Proportional Fair Scheduler for 5G NR","display_name":"GPF+: A Novel Ultrafast GPU-Based Proportional Fair Scheduler for 5G NR","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3207674523","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2021.3118005","mag":"3207674523"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnet.2021.3118005","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2021.3118005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62238642","display_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","issn_l":"1063-6692","issn":["1063-6692","1558-2566"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100715218","display_name":"Yan Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0544-6602"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127875","display_name":"Nvidia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jdj4y14","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127875"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yan Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["NVIDIA Corporation, Santa Clara, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0544-6602","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NVIDIA Corporation, Santa Clara, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127875"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004186620","display_name":"Shaoran Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2648-5478"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaoran Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2648-5478","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059824798","display_name":"Y. Thomas Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3716-5768"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Thomas Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3716-5768","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001879281","display_name":"Wenjing Lou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2421-4623"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjing Lou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Falls Church, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2421-4623","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Falls Church, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100715218"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127875"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5084,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64972092,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"2","first_page":"601","last_page":"615"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11409","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Network Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11409","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Network Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6829368472099304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5793083906173706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notation","display_name":"Notation","score":0.5013084411621094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.49533262848854065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.39861083030700684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19328343868255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.17880332469940186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.16881319880485535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11504614353179932}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6829368472099304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5793083906173706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.5013084411621094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.49533262848854065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.39861083030700684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19328343868255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.17880332469940186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.16881319880485535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11504614353179932}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnet.2021.3118005","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2021.3118005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62238642","display_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","issn_l":"1063-6692","issn":["1063-6692","1558-2566"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7453562206","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1617634","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309480","display_name":"Nvidia","ror":"https://ror.org/03jdj4y14"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333166","display_name":"Institute for Critical Technologies and Applied Science, Virginia Tech","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W580815148","https://openalex.org/W1502364872","https://openalex.org/W1976641468","https://openalex.org/W1981954558","https://openalex.org/W2036850008","https://openalex.org/W2041085951","https://openalex.org/W2045839448","https://openalex.org/W2065975707","https://openalex.org/W2074128438","https://openalex.org/W2098432798","https://openalex.org/W2105693288","https://openalex.org/W2111734949","https://openalex.org/W2123557846","https://openalex.org/W2132083787","https://openalex.org/W2141789294","https://openalex.org/W2145296449","https://openalex.org/W2145417574","https://openalex.org/W2343283570","https://openalex.org/W2461316586","https://openalex.org/W2465726071","https://openalex.org/W2468437744","https://openalex.org/W2478503558","https://openalex.org/W2505968561","https://openalex.org/W2610590559","https://openalex.org/W2897442451","https://openalex.org/W2909584482","https://openalex.org/W2982421208","https://openalex.org/W3047215137","https://openalex.org/W4246565613","https://openalex.org/W4292175028","https://openalex.org/W6736176327"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2504004674","https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2963177394","https://openalex.org/W2073681303","https://openalex.org/W2024638892","https://openalex.org/W763418848","https://openalex.org/W1595229445","https://openalex.org/W149041114"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"5G":[0,36,211],"NR":[1],"is":[2,42,91,113,175],"designed":[3],"to":[4,44,156,177],"operate":[5],"over":[6,116],"a":[7,48,66,92,136,146,159],"broad":[8],"range":[9],"of":[10,51,88,139,148],"frequency":[11],"bands":[12],"and":[13,72,141,144],"support":[14,22],"new":[15,67,207],"applications":[16],"with":[17,47,98,182],"ultra-low":[18],"latency":[19],"requirements.":[20],"To":[21],"its":[23],"extremely":[24],"diverse":[25],"operating":[26],"conditions,":[27],"multiple":[28],"OFDM":[29],"numerologies":[30],"have":[31],"been":[32],"defined":[33],"in":[34,119,210],"the":[35,86,131,151,198,206],"standards.":[37],"Under":[38],"these":[39],"numerologies,":[40],"it":[41],"necessary":[43],"perform":[45],"scheduling":[46,133],"time":[49],"resolution":[50],"<inline-formula":[52,102,186],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[53,103,122,187],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[54,104,188],"<tex-math":[55,105,189],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\sim":[56],"100":[57],"\\mathrm":[58,107,191],"{\\mu":[59,108,192],"s}$":[60,109,193],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[61,110,194],".":[62,111,195],"This":[63],"requirement":[64,209],"poses":[65],"challenge":[68],"beyond":[69],"existing":[70,78],"LTE":[71,79],"cannot":[73],"be":[74],"satisfied":[75],"by":[76],"any":[77],"schedulers.":[80],"In":[81],"this":[82],"paper,":[83],"we":[84,171],"present":[85],"design":[87],"GPF+,":[89],"which":[90],"GPU-based":[93,200],"proportional":[94],"fair":[95],"(PF)":[96],"scheduler":[97,202],"timing":[99,183],"performance":[100,181,184],"under":[101,185],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$100":[106,190],"GPF+":[112,163,174,196],"an":[114,165],"improvement":[115],"our":[117],"GPF":[118],"Huang":[120],"<italic":[121],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">et":[123],"al.</i>":[124],"(2018).":[125],"The":[126],"key":[127],"ideas":[128],"include":[129],"decomposing":[130],"original":[132],"problem":[134],"into":[135,158],"large":[137],"number":[138],"small":[140],"independent":[142],"sub-problems":[143,149],"selecting":[145],"subset":[147],"from":[150],"most":[152],"promising":[153],"search":[154],"space":[155],"fit":[157],"GPU.":[160],"By":[161],"implementing":[162],"on":[164],"off-the-shelf":[166],"NVIDIA":[167],"Tesla":[168],"V100":[169],"GPU,":[170],"show":[172],"that":[173,203],"able":[176],"achieve":[178],"near-optimal":[179],"PF":[180,201],"represents":[197],"fastest":[199],"can":[204],"meet":[205],"real-time":[208],"NR.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
