{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3131546724","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2021.3058378","title":"Joint Placement and Allocation of VNF Nodes With Budget and Capacity Constraints","display_name":"Joint Placement and Allocation of VNF Nodes With Budget and Capacity Constraints","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3131546724","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2021.3058378","mag":"3131546724"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnet.2021.3058378","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2021.3058378","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62238642","display_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","issn_l":"1063-6692","issn":["1063-6692","1558-2566"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005228371","display_name":"Gamal Sallam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8806-6201"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84392919","display_name":"Temple University","ror":"https://ror.org/00kx1jb78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84392919"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gamal Sallam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA","Dept. of Computer and Information Sciences Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8806-6201","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84392919"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer and Information Sciences Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84392919"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040279482","display_name":"Bo Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0149-7509"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0149-7509","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9131,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74627059,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"3","first_page":"1238","last_page":"1251"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10138","display_name":"Network Traffic and Congestion Control","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/submodular-set-function","display_name":"Submodular set function","score":0.8353791832923889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8335687518119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-network","display_name":"Virtual network","score":0.7216989398002625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/budget-constraint","display_name":"Budget constraint","score":0.5682417154312134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.5680580735206604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.5456259250640869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5179383158683777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.46923547983169556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.45170676708221436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.413754940032959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.38621440529823303}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178621042","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7631710","display_name":"Submodular set function","level":2,"score":0.8353791832923889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8335687518119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776874963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4112081","display_name":"Virtual network","level":2,"score":0.7216989398002625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8505890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q605095","display_name":"Budget constraint","level":2,"score":0.5682417154312134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5680580735206604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5456259250640869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5179383158683777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.46923547983169556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.45170676708221436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.413754940032959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.38621440529823303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133425853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60571","display_name":"Neoclassical economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnet.2021.3058378","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2021.3058378","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62238642","display_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","issn_l":"1063-6692","issn":["1063-6692","1558-2566"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4699999988079071,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6773432608","display_name":"CAREER: Theory and Algorithms for Efficient Control of Wireless Networks with Jointly  Optimized Performance: High Throughput, Low Delay, and Low Complexity","funder_award_id":"1651947","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W88459763","https://openalex.org/W1480006018","https://openalex.org/W1651984967","https://openalex.org/W1875482710","https://openalex.org/W2080379754","https://openalex.org/W2086058123","https://openalex.org/W2118690363","https://openalex.org/W2147133278","https://openalex.org/W2155526624","https://openalex.org/W2466509086","https://openalex.org/W2586118222","https://openalex.org/W2604403546","https://openalex.org/W2735578456","https://openalex.org/W2761021290","https://openalex.org/W2762042916","https://openalex.org/W2781790117","https://openalex.org/W2791165053","https://openalex.org/W2808417010","https://openalex.org/W2891529989","https://openalex.org/W2900291824","https://openalex.org/W2952019053","https://openalex.org/W2962802879","https://openalex.org/W2963306864","https://openalex.org/W2964314169","https://openalex.org/W2976384855","https://openalex.org/W2982582442","https://openalex.org/W3009116850","https://openalex.org/W3045981305","https://openalex.org/W3046839177","https://openalex.org/W3092377875","https://openalex.org/W3116571602","https://openalex.org/W6639467292","https://openalex.org/W6677507880","https://openalex.org/W6736076345","https://openalex.org/W6740761382","https://openalex.org/W6781487709","https://openalex.org/W6781553009","https://openalex.org/W6788295216"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W83893804","https://openalex.org/W2178649091","https://openalex.org/W2353238953","https://openalex.org/W30906829","https://openalex.org/W2496037054","https://openalex.org/W2024895661","https://openalex.org/W2390883384","https://openalex.org/W2054108430","https://openalex.org/W3123594720","https://openalex.org/W4300017418"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,82,86,108,119,136,140,164,186,190,217,225,228],"advent":[2],"of":[3,111,147,189,210,227],"Network":[4,23],"Function":[5],"Virtualization":[6],"(NFV),":[7],"network":[8,35,52,69,112],"services":[9],"that":[10,26,90,105,114,132,151,163,185,205],"traditionally":[11],"run":[12],"on":[13,29],"proprietary":[14],"dedicated":[15],"hardware":[16],"can":[17,106],"now":[18],"be":[19],"realized":[20],"using":[21,234],"Virtual":[22],"Functions":[24],"(VNFs)":[25],"are":[27,115],"hosted":[28],"general-purpose":[30],"commodity":[31],"hardware.":[32],"This":[33],"new":[34,158],"paradigm":[36],"offers":[37],"a":[38,97,180],"great":[39],"flexibility":[40],"to":[41,64,75,95,128],"Internet":[42],"service":[43],"providers":[44],"(ISPs)":[45],"for":[46,77,153,216],"efficiently":[47],"operating":[48],"their":[49],"networks":[50],"(collecting":[51],"statistics,":[53],"enforcing":[54],"management":[55],"policies,":[56],"etc.).":[57],"However,":[58],"introducing":[59],"NFV":[60],"requires":[61],"an":[62,207],"investment":[63],"deploy":[65],"VNFs":[66],"at":[67],"certain":[68],"nodes":[70],"(called":[71],"VNF-nodes),":[72],"which":[73],"has":[74],"account":[76],"practical":[78,124],"constraints":[79,155],"such":[80,123,184],"as":[81],"deployment":[83],"budget":[84,137],"and":[85,101,213],"VNF-node":[87],"capacity.":[88],"To":[89,174],"end,":[91],"it":[92],"is":[93,167],"important":[94],"design":[96],"joint":[98],"VNF-nodes":[99,120],"placement":[100,192],"capacity":[102,141],"allocation":[103],"algorithm":[104],"maximize":[107],"total":[109],"amount":[110],"flows":[113],"fully":[116],"processed":[117],"by":[118],"while":[121],"respecting":[122],"constraints.":[125],"In":[126],"contrast":[127],"most":[129],"prior":[130],"work":[131],"often":[133],"neglects":[134],"either":[135],"constraint":[138],"or":[139],"constraint,":[142],"we":[143,161,178,201,223],"explicitly":[144],"consider":[145],"both":[146],"them.":[148],"We":[149],"prove":[150,162],"accounting":[152],"these":[154,176],"introduces":[156],"several":[157],"challenges.":[159],"Specifically,":[160],"studied":[165],"problem":[166],"not":[168],"only":[169],"NP-hard":[170],"but":[171],"also":[172],"non-submodular.":[173],"address":[175],"challenges,":[177],"introduce":[179],"novel":[181],"relaxation":[182],"method":[183],"objective":[187],"function":[188],"relaxed":[191],"subproblem":[193],"becomes":[194],"submodular.":[195],"Leveraging":[196],"this":[197],"useful":[198],"submodular":[199],"property,":[200],"propose":[202],"two":[203],"algorithms":[204,230],"achieve":[206],"approximation":[208],"ratio":[209],"\\frac":[211,214],"12(1-1/e)":[212],"13(1-1/e)":[215],"original":[218],"non-relaxed":[219],"problem,":[220],"respectively.":[221],"Finally,":[222],"corroborate":[224],"effectiveness":[226],"proposed":[229],"through":[231],"extensive":[232],"evaluations":[233],"trace-driven":[235],"simulations.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-12T21:12:35.861297","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
