{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3088843136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2020.3023386","title":"SICS: Secure and Dynamic Middlebox Outsourcing","display_name":"SICS: Secure and Dynamic Middlebox Outsourcing","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3088843136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2020.3023386","mag":"3088843136"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnet.2020.3023386","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2020.3023386","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62238642","display_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","issn_l":"1063-6692","issn":["1063-6692","1558-2566"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091544623","display_name":"Huazhe Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1769-5799"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185103710","display_name":"University of California, Santa Cruz","ror":"https://ror.org/03s65by71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Huazhe Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA","Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100353875","display_name":"Xin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2158-5404"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185103710","display_name":"University of California, Santa Cruz","ror":"https://ror.org/03s65by71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA","Google, Mountain View, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100322850","display_name":"Yang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9721-4923"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100701164","display_name":"Yu Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9581-2866"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","display_name":"University of Kentucky","ror":"https://ror.org/02k3smh20","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101619105","display_name":"Ye Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4541-6918"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","display_name":"University of Kentucky","ror":"https://ror.org/02k3smh20","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ye Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA","Google, Mountain View, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051492752","display_name":"Hongkun Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4196-1508"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongkun Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Mountain View, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100737734","display_name":"Chen Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6882-9590"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185103710","display_name":"University of California, Santa Cruz","ror":"https://ror.org/03s65by71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091544623"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I185103710"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5564,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76205031,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"6","first_page":"2713","last_page":"2726"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outsourcing","display_name":"Outsourcing","score":0.8322434425354004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.8284810781478882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/header","display_name":"Header","score":0.7713330388069153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7497366070747375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5561189651489258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5427802205085754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.520940899848938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.5195765495300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-leakage","display_name":"Information leakage","score":0.48016470670700073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.2132992446422577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.0915861427783966}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46934059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61515","display_name":"Outsourcing","level":2,"score":0.8322434425354004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.8284810781478882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48105269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141160","display_name":"Header","level":2,"score":0.7713330388069153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7497366070747375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5561189651489258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5427802205085754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.520940899848938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.5195765495300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779201187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2775060","display_name":"Information leakage","level":2,"score":0.48016470670700073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2132992446422577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0915861427783966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnet.2020.3023386","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2020.3023386","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62238642","display_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","issn_l":"1063-6692","issn":["1063-6692","1558-2566"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2938892180","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1932447","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6744905178","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1701681","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7259348918","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1717948","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8119912527","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1908020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1435010830","https://openalex.org/W1516506771","https://openalex.org/W1547486877","https://openalex.org/W1798609567","https://openalex.org/W1967074206","https://openalex.org/W1967373117","https://openalex.org/W2010365467","https://openalex.org/W2021962600","https://openalex.org/W2036329595","https://openalex.org/W2054820097","https://openalex.org/W2055816813","https://openalex.org/W2062805799","https://openalex.org/W2064322639","https://openalex.org/W2080267935","https://openalex.org/W2122695394","https://openalex.org/W2126969025","https://openalex.org/W2134929016","https://openalex.org/W2136930733","https://openalex.org/W2142972529","https://openalex.org/W2149236835","https://openalex.org/W2149469122","https://openalex.org/W2150620897","https://openalex.org/W2250545519","https://openalex.org/W2256235146","https://openalex.org/W2296559352","https://openalex.org/W2306714220","https://openalex.org/W2379987282","https://openalex.org/W2487561892","https://openalex.org/W2498885363","https://openalex.org/W2524842096","https://openalex.org/W2531684888","https://openalex.org/W2734979301","https://openalex.org/W2736741942","https://openalex.org/W2790063371","https://openalex.org/W2798776206","https://openalex.org/W2799154389","https://openalex.org/W2913618476","https://openalex.org/W2966910544","https://openalex.org/W2997947960","https://openalex.org/W3102783107","https://openalex.org/W4255148642","https://openalex.org/W4298527176","https://openalex.org/W6628561984","https://openalex.org/W6697040247","https://openalex.org/W6697538429","https://openalex.org/W6751063601","https://openalex.org/W6751128123","https://openalex.org/W6948314982"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2171597999","https://openalex.org/W2189136227","https://openalex.org/W1866537546","https://openalex.org/W630850086","https://openalex.org/W3200508093","https://openalex.org/W2358200898","https://openalex.org/W2988433590","https://openalex.org/W2891706772","https://openalex.org/W2144804944","https://openalex.org/W2590022098"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"is":[1],"an":[2],"increasing":[3],"trend":[4],"that":[5,110],"enterprises":[6],"outsource":[7],"their":[8],"middlebox":[9,49,71],"processing":[10],"to":[11,25,97],"a":[12,67,87],"cloud":[13,96,130],"for":[14,47,76,89],"lower":[15,121],"cost":[16],"and":[17,33,69,85,117,120,127],"easier":[18],"management.":[19],"However,":[20],"outsourcing":[21,50,72],"middleboxes":[22],"brings":[23],"threats":[24],"the":[26,31,43,95,125,129],"enterprise's":[27],"private":[28],"information,":[29],"including":[30],"traffic":[32],"rules":[34],"of":[35,38],"middleboxes,":[36],"all":[37],"which":[39,93],"are":[40],"visible":[41],"within":[42],"cloud.":[44],"Existing":[45],"solutions":[46],"secure":[48,68],"either":[51],"incur":[52],"significant":[53],"performance":[54],"overhead":[55,123],"or":[56],"do":[57],"not":[58],"support":[59],"incremental":[60],"updates.":[61],"In":[62],"this":[63],"article,":[64],"we":[65],"present":[66],"dynamic":[70],"framework,":[73],"SICS,":[74],"short":[75],"Secure":[77],"In-Cloud":[78],"Service.":[79],"SICS":[80,111],"encrypts":[81],"each":[82],"packet":[83],"header":[84,104],"uses":[86],"label":[88],"in-cloud":[90],"rule":[91],"matching,":[92],"enables":[94],"perform":[98],"its":[99],"functionalities":[100],"correctly":[101],"with":[102,133],"minimum":[103],"information":[105],"leakage.":[106],"Evaluation":[107],"results":[108],"show":[109],"achieves":[112],"higher":[113],"throughput,":[114],"faster":[115],"construction":[116],"update":[118],"speed,":[119],"resource":[122],"at":[124],"enterprise":[126],"in":[128],"when":[131],"compared":[132],"existing":[134],"solutions.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}