{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2978983562","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2019.2940369","title":"On Mapping the Interconnections in Today\u2019s Internet","display_name":"On Mapping the Interconnections in Today\u2019s Internet","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2978983562","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2019.2940369","mag":"2978983562"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnet.2019.2940369","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2019.2940369","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62238642","display_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","issn_l":"1063-6692","issn":["1063-6692","1558-2566"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001371435","display_name":"Reza Motamedi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113979032","display_name":"Twitter (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wt43v05","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113979032"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Reza Motamedi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Twitter, San Francisco, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Twitter, San Francisco, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113979032"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049981931","display_name":"Bahador Yeganeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9555-1889"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181233156","display_name":"University of Oregon","ror":"https://ror.org/0293rh119","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181233156"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bahador Yeganeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9555-1889","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181233156"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002065279","display_name":"B. Chandrasekaran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5582-1223"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109712","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Informatics","ror":"https://ror.org/01w19ak89","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210109712"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Balakrishnan Chandrasekaran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max-Planck-Instit\u00fct f\u00fcr Informatik, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max-Planck-Instit\u00fct f\u00fcr Informatik, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034593239","display_name":"Reza Rejaie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181233156","display_name":"University of Oregon","ror":"https://ror.org/0293rh119","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181233156"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reza Rejaie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181233156"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046808993","display_name":"Bruce M. Maggs","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5692-7062"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruce M. Maggs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082255432","display_name":"Walter Willinger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1384-8188"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Walter Willinger","raw_affiliation_strings":["NIKSUN, Inc., Princeton, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1384-8188","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NIKSUN, Inc., Princeton, NJ, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001371435"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113979032"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3036,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89200498,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"5","first_page":"2056","last_page":"2070"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9855999946594238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12292","display_name":"Graph Theory and Algorithms","score":0.9835000038146973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.6198782920837402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.39910176396369934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.358707070350647}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.6198782920837402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.39910176396369934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.358707070350647}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnet.2019.2940369","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2019.2940369","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62238642","display_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","issn_l":"1063-6692","issn":["1063-6692","1558-2566"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.mpg.de:item_3184652","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0005-6B21-E","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400654","display_name":"MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I149899117","host_organization_name":"Max Planck Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.vu.nl:publications/fdf494b4-31a1-40a6-baf2-1ad9ba0259e8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1871.1/fdf494b4-31a1-40a6-baf2-1ad9ba0259e8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400546","display_name":"Digital Academic REpository of VU University Amsterdam (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","host_organization_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Motamedi, R, Yeganeh, B, Chandrasekaran, B, Rejaie, R, Maggs, B M & Willinger, W 2019, 'On Mapping the Interconnections in Today\u2019s Internet', IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, vol. 27, no. 5, 3370589, pp. 2056-2070. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNET.2019.2940369","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:vu:oai:research.vu.nl:publications/fdf494b4-31a1-40a6-baf2-1ad9ba0259e8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/fdf494b4-31a1-40a6-baf2-1ad9ba0259e8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 27(5):3370589, 2056 - 2070. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6299999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4669648242","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS- 1717187","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7374914597","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1320977","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7460009341","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1719165","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":80,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W80272414","https://openalex.org/W650065475","https://openalex.org/W1549014341","https://openalex.org/W1576247912","https://openalex.org/W1583477060","https://openalex.org/W1904715515","https://openalex.org/W1989785271","https://openalex.org/W2010042481","https://openalex.org/W2019319336","https://openalex.org/W2019599312","https://openalex.org/W2020477412","https://openalex.org/W2023488380","https://openalex.org/W2026968382","https://openalex.org/W2027024324","https://openalex.org/W2040534455","https://openalex.org/W2046438299","https://openalex.org/W2046666079","https://openalex.org/W2049645248","https://openalex.org/W2049838008","https://openalex.org/W2050230590","https://openalex.org/W2054479920","https://openalex.org/W2065554567","https://openalex.org/W2068288121","https://openalex.org/W2068593619","https://openalex.org/W2076506259","https://openalex.org/W2081587701","https://openalex.org/W2103117727","https://openalex.org/W2108673686","https://openalex.org/W2121721194","https://openalex.org/W2128657798","https://openalex.org/W2130850880","https://openalex.org/W2131006316","https://openalex.org/W2133656166","https://openalex.org/W2136806431","https://openalex.org/W2138509363","https://openalex.org/W2143022364","https://openalex.org/W2148123869","https://openalex.org/W2155750235","https://openalex.org/W2161117629","https://openalex.org/W2164511281","https://openalex.org/W2165174838","https://openalex.org/W2165503871","https://openalex.org/W2167868809","https://openalex.org/W2177058407","https://openalex.org/W2182904853","https://openalex.org/W2216449996","https://openalex.org/W2282288858","https://openalex.org/W2295430786","https://openalex.org/W2295583656","https://openalex.org/W2360004169","https://openalex.org/W2460326615","https://openalex.org/W2530522083","https://openalex.org/W2531575454","https://openalex.org/W2554361663","https://openalex.org/W2555294241","https://openalex.org/W2743372203","https://openalex.org/W2743636887","https://openalex.org/W2744660401","https://openalex.org/W2861050098","https://openalex.org/W2876796450","https://openalex.org/W2900101584","https://openalex.org/W2962735828","https://openalex.org/W2963196202","https://openalex.org/W2981117838","https://openalex.org/W3004468247","https://openalex.org/W3121797256","https://openalex.org/W3159998597","https://openalex.org/W4234123477","https://openalex.org/W4243435663","https://openalex.org/W4288086151","https://openalex.org/W6634250154","https://openalex.org/W6655383422","https://openalex.org/W6680456895","https://openalex.org/W6680642335","https://openalex.org/W6684201269","https://openalex.org/W6685861238","https://openalex.org/W6688796078","https://openalex.org/W6695774259","https://openalex.org/W6707125604","https://openalex.org/W6922412710"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Internet":[0,74,93,199],"interconnections":[1,14,71,94,108,216],"are":[2,15,26,75],"the":[3,48,55,65,70,76,105,114,154,177,181,206,234],"means":[4],"by":[5,30,141,163],"which":[6],"networks":[7],"exchange":[8],"traffic":[9],"between":[10],"one":[11],"another.":[12],"These":[13,42],"typically":[16],"established":[17],"in":[18,53,72,197,205],"facilities":[19,46],"that":[20,173,211],"have":[21],"known":[22],"geographic":[23],"locations,":[24],"and":[25,28,33,40,47,67,112,169,221,230],"owned":[27],"operated":[29],"so-called":[31],"colocation":[32,45,98,133,151],"interconnection":[34,200,236],"services":[35],"providers":[36],"(e.g.,":[37,202],"Equinix,":[38],"CoreSite,":[39],"EdgeConneX).":[41],"previously":[43],"under-studied":[44],"critical":[49],"role":[50],"they":[51],"play":[52],"solving":[54],"notoriously":[56],"difficult":[57],"problem":[58],"of":[59,64,69,78,107,149,183,188,208,215,233],"obtaining":[60,227],"a":[61,88,96,119,131,146],"comprehensive":[62,231],"view":[63],"structure":[66],"evolution":[68],"today's":[73,198],"focus":[77],"this":[79],"paper.":[80],"We":[81,103,135],"present":[82],"mi":[83,137],"<sup":[84,100,138],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[85,101,139],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[86,140],",":[87],"new":[89,203,213],"approach":[90],"for":[91,226],"mapping":[92],"inside":[95],"given":[97],"facility.":[99,134],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">1</sup>":[102],"infer":[104],"existence":[106],"from":[109,175],"localized":[110],"traceroutes":[111],"use":[113],"Belief":[115],"Propagation":[116],"algorithm":[117],"on":[118],"specially":[120],"defined":[121],"Markov":[122],"Random":[123],"Field":[124],"graphical":[125],"model":[126],"to":[127,130,145],"geolocate":[128],"them":[129],"target":[132],"evaluate":[136],"applying":[142],"it":[143],"initially":[144],"small":[147],"set":[148],"US-based":[150],"facilities.":[152],"In":[153],"process,":[155],"we":[156,192],"compare":[157],"our":[158,189],"results":[159],"against":[160],"those":[161],"obtained":[162],"two":[164],"recently":[165],"developed":[166],"related":[167],"techniques":[168,179],"discuss":[170,222],"observed":[171],"discrepancies":[172],"derive":[174],"how":[176],"different":[178],"determine":[180],"ownership":[182],"border":[184],"routers.":[185],"As":[186],"part":[187],"validation":[190],"approach,":[191],"also":[193],"identify":[194],"drastic":[195],"changes":[196],"ecosystem":[201],"infrastructures":[204],"form":[207],"\u201ccloud":[209],"exchanges\u201d":[210],"offer":[212],"types":[214],"called":[217],"\u201cvirtual":[218],"private":[219],"interconnections\u201d),":[220],"their":[223],"wide-ranging":[224],"implications":[225],"an":[228],"accurate":[229],"map":[232],"Internet's":[235],"fabric.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}