{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2758509082","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2017.2748159","title":"Flow Wars: Systemizing the Attack Surface and Defenses in Software-Defined Networks","display_name":"Flow Wars: Systemizing the Attack Surface and Defenses in Software-Defined Networks","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-09-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2758509082","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2017.2748159","mag":"2758509082"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnet.2017.2748159","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2017.2748159","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62238642","display_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","issn_l":"1063-6692","issn":["1063-6692","1558-2566"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013027829","display_name":"Changhoon Yoon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1625-1958"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changhoon Yoon","raw_affiliation_strings":["KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1625-1958","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102005201","display_name":"Seungsoo Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0963-3408"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seungsoo Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078063481","display_name":"Heedo Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7692-2808"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heedo Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043061967","display_name":"Taejune Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1421-5996"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taejune Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084473174","display_name":"Seungwon Shin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1077-5606"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seungwon Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1077-5606","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085002486","display_name":"Vinod Yegneswaran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0718-6605"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1298353152","display_name":"SRI International","ror":"https://ror.org/05s570m15","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099336","display_name":"Menlo School","ror":"https://ror.org/01240pn49","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vinod Yegneswaran","raw_affiliation_strings":["SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152","https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022253423","display_name":"Phillip Porras","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4661-2443"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1298353152","display_name":"SRI International","ror":"https://ror.org/05s570m15","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099336","display_name":"Menlo School","ror":"https://ror.org/01240pn49","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phillip Porras","raw_affiliation_strings":["SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152","https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058852421","display_name":"Guofei Gu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0630-741X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guofei Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.5179,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":132,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98539864,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"6","first_page":"3514","last_page":"3530"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attack-surface","display_name":"Attack surface","score":0.846428394317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8436777591705322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testbed","display_name":"Testbed","score":0.8137714266777039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-defined-networking","display_name":"Software-defined networking","score":0.7135651111602783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5559645295143127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strengths-and-weaknesses","display_name":"Strengths and weaknesses","score":0.5010905265808105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.4968922436237335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4827843904495239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confidentiality","display_name":"Confidentiality","score":0.4693746566772461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3752044439315796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3179110288619995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.19709080457687378}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776576444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q303569","display_name":"Attack surface","level":2,"score":0.846428394317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8436777591705322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.8137714266777039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77270119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1655198","display_name":"Software-defined networking","level":2,"score":0.7135651111602783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5559645295143127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63882131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17122954","display_name":"Strengths and weaknesses","level":2,"score":0.5010905265808105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.4968922436237335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4827843904495239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71745522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2476929","display_name":"Confidentiality","level":2,"score":0.4693746566772461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3752044439315796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3179110288619995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.19709080457687378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnet.2017.2748159","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2017.2748159","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62238642","display_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","issn_l":"1063-6692","issn":["1063-6692","1558-2566"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.550000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1513374759","https://openalex.org/W1531996150","https://openalex.org/W1697123834","https://openalex.org/W1769222792","https://openalex.org/W1979266212","https://openalex.org/W1981536864","https://openalex.org/W1984451560","https://openalex.org/W1988774297","https://openalex.org/W1994926493","https://openalex.org/W2019419295","https://openalex.org/W2022758041","https://openalex.org/W2026356331","https://openalex.org/W2040340473","https://openalex.org/W2040854317","https://openalex.org/W2054473533","https://openalex.org/W2064266822","https://openalex.org/W2067551786","https://openalex.org/W2069620004","https://openalex.org/W2071187149","https://openalex.org/W2074616737","https://openalex.org/W2078623873","https://openalex.org/W2101893654","https://openalex.org/W2104692292","https://openalex.org/W2105099212","https://openalex.org/W2115546448","https://openalex.org/W2116206868","https://openalex.org/W2122109510","https://openalex.org/W2122695394","https://openalex.org/W2123070675","https://openalex.org/W2126822952","https://openalex.org/W2136439543","https://openalex.org/W2137756376","https://openalex.org/W2137838113","https://openalex.org/W2137845741","https://openalex.org/W2147118406","https://openalex.org/W2148994573","https://openalex.org/W2160824842","https://openalex.org/W2164284397","https://openalex.org/W2275015310","https://openalex.org/W2275434060","https://openalex.org/W2514007069","https://openalex.org/W2534481600","https://openalex.org/W2554968890","https://openalex.org/W2560750145","https://openalex.org/W2573146560","https://openalex.org/W2612205004","https://openalex.org/W2798915702","https://openalex.org/W2952654524","https://openalex.org/W4231339499","https://openalex.org/W4253729210","https://openalex.org/W6637389031","https://openalex.org/W6637995443","https://openalex.org/W6725898845","https://openalex.org/W6730502121","https://openalex.org/W6750886310"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2809931921","https://openalex.org/W2041044302","https://openalex.org/W2971973266","https://openalex.org/W4285787111","https://openalex.org/W2612528055","https://openalex.org/W3188773144","https://openalex.org/W2977342517","https://openalex.org/W4313054100","https://openalex.org/W130230426","https://openalex.org/W2896746715"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Emerging":[0],"software":[1],"defined":[2],"network":[3],"(SDN)":[4],"stacks":[5,116],"have":[6,48],"introduced":[7],"an":[8,24],"entirely":[9],"new":[10,42,154],"attack":[11,29,45,137,146],"surface":[12,138],"that":[13,55,75,98,113,230],"is":[14],"exploitable":[15],"from":[16],"a":[17,88,104,140,182,220],"wide":[18],"range":[19],"of":[20,26,70,80,91,134,143,175,199,223,235],"launch":[21],"points.":[22],"Through":[23],"analysis":[25],"the":[27,77,92,110,135,165,173,197,214,224,233],"various":[28],"strategies":[30],"reported":[31],"in":[32,83,181],"prior":[33],"work,":[34],"and":[35,43,72,95,169,186,216,227],"through":[36,87,139],"our":[37,132,210],"own":[38],"efforts":[39],"to":[40,66,106,117,212],"enumerate":[41],"variant":[44],"strategies,":[46],"we":[47,53,102,149,208],"gained":[49],"two":[50],"insights.":[51],"First,":[52],"observe":[54],"different":[56,63],"SDN":[57,115,136,145,157,184,192,204,236],"controller":[58],"implementations,":[59],"developed":[60],"independently":[61],"by":[62,151,178],"groups,":[64],"seem":[65],"manifest":[67],"common":[68,111,225],"sets":[69],"pitfalls":[71,112,229],"design":[73,94,226],"weakness":[74],"enable":[76,114],"extensive":[78],"set":[79],"attacks":[81,177,201],"compiled":[82],"this":[84],"paper.":[85],"Second,":[86],"principled":[89],"exploration":[90],"underlying":[93],"implementation":[96,228],"weaknesses":[97],"enables":[99],"these":[100,162,176,200],"attacks,":[101],"introduce":[103],"taxonomy":[105],"offer":[107,213],"insight":[108],"into":[109],"be":[118],"broken":[119],"or":[120],"destabilized":[121],"when":[122],"fielded":[123],"within":[124,164],"hostile":[125],"computing":[126],"environments.":[127],"This":[128],"paper":[129],"first":[130],"captures":[131],"understanding":[133,222],"comprehensive":[141],"survey":[142],"existing":[144],"studies,":[147],"which":[148],"extend":[150],"enumerating":[152],"12":[153],"vectors":[155],"for":[156],"abuse.":[158],"We":[159,194],"then":[160],"organize":[161],"vulnerabilities":[163],"well-known":[166],"confidentiality,":[167],"integrity,":[168],"availability":[170],"model,":[171],"assess":[172],"severity":[174],"replicating":[179],"them":[180,188],"physical":[183],"testbed,":[185],"evaluate":[187,196],"against":[189,202],"three":[190],"popular":[191],"controllers.":[193],"also":[195],"impact":[198],"published":[203],"defense":[205],"solutions.":[206],"Finally,":[207],"abstract":[209],"findings":[211],"research":[215],"development":[217],"communities":[218],"with":[219],"deeper":[221],"are":[231],"enabling":[232],"abuse":[234],"networks.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}