{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2766801933","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmscs.2017.2768426","title":"Finding and Counting Tree-Like Subgraphs Using MapReduce","display_name":"Finding and Counting Tree-Like Subgraphs Using MapReduce","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-10-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2766801933","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmscs.2017.2768426","mag":"2766801933"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmscs.2017.2768426","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmscs.2017.2768426","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201583","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multi-Scale Computing Systems","issn_l":"2332-7766","issn":["2332-7766","2372-207X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multi-Scale Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100358630","display_name":"Zhao Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8886-8191"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhao Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Network Dynamics and Simulation Science Laboratory, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8886-8191","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Network Dynamics and Simulation Science Laboratory, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004864004","display_name":"Langshi Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2789-1291"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Langshi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2789-1291","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103106121","display_name":"Mihai Avram","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4710-2525"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mihai Avram","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4710-2525","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100457571","display_name":"Meng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3553-0813"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051526091","display_name":"Guanying Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7601-5407"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guanying Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Inc., Mountain View, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Inc., Mountain View, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013454209","display_name":"Ali R. Butt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0871-7263"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Butt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Network Dynamics and Simulation Science Laboratory, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Network Dynamics and Simulation Science Laboratory, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104069467","display_name":"Maleq Khan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181414168","display_name":"Texas A&M University \u2013 Kingsville","ror":"https://ror.org/05abs3w97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181414168"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maleq Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181414168"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020293284","display_name":"Madhav Marathe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1653-0658"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Madhav Marathe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Network Dynamics and Simulation Science Laboratory, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1653-0658","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Network Dynamics and Simulation Science Laboratory, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108081911","display_name":"Judy Qiu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Judy Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Systems Engineering Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Systems Engineering Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044848288","display_name":"Anil Vullikanti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8597-6197"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anil Vullikanti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Network Dynamics and Simulation Science Laboratory, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Network Dynamics and Simulation Science Laboratory, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3988,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72155597,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"3","first_page":"217","last_page":"230"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12292","display_name":"Graph Theory and Algorithms","score":0.9869999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6202889680862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounded-function","display_name":"Bounded function","score":0.5307844877243042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edit-distance","display_name":"Edit distance","score":0.4766607880592346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.4504554867744446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-coding","display_name":"Color-coding","score":0.4483538568019867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isomorphism","display_name":"Isomorphism (crystallography)","score":0.4355863928794861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subgraph-isomorphism-problem","display_name":"Subgraph isomorphism problem","score":0.4209461808204651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.4110896587371826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.39248690009117126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.33295485377311707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.31216666102409363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.28948312997817993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.26908040046691895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.09219497442245483}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6202889680862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34388435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267362","display_name":"Bounded function","level":2,"score":0.5307844877243042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44359876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5338467","display_name":"Edit distance","level":2,"score":0.4766607880592346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.4504554867744446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104597421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5148529","display_name":"Color-coding","level":2,"score":0.4483538568019867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203436722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902950","display_name":"Isomorphism (crystallography)","level":3,"score":0.4355863928794861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131992880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2528185","display_name":"Subgraph isomorphism problem","level":3,"score":0.4209461808204651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.4110896587371826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.39248690009117126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.33295485377311707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.31216666102409363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.28948312997817993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.26908040046691895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.09219497442245483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115624301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q895901","display_name":"Crystal structure","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8010536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160398","display_name":"Crystallography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmscs.2017.2768426","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmscs.2017.2768426","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201583","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multi-Scale Computing Systems","issn_l":"2332-7766","issn":["2332-7766","2372-207X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multi-Scale Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1590673289","https://openalex.org/W1598064945","https://openalex.org/W1641749581","https://openalex.org/W1656132379","https://openalex.org/W1799262171","https://openalex.org/W1975501803","https://openalex.org/W1977899806","https://openalex.org/W1985136343","https://openalex.org/W1996486509","https://openalex.org/W2002205566","https://openalex.org/W2015854350","https://openalex.org/W2017102965","https://openalex.org/W2019827052","https://openalex.org/W2027766756","https://openalex.org/W2027770225","https://openalex.org/W2038933817","https://openalex.org/W2041096515","https://openalex.org/W2043107521","https://openalex.org/W2065888137","https://openalex.org/W2089369802","https://openalex.org/W2100239335","https://openalex.org/W2101196063","https://openalex.org/W2102039892","https://openalex.org/W2103626206","https://openalex.org/W2104812688","https://openalex.org/W2110814195","https://openalex.org/W2112976607","https://openalex.org/W2115826669","https://openalex.org/W2119424404","https://openalex.org/W2130904350","https://openalex.org/W2131485737","https://openalex.org/W2137874581","https://openalex.org/W2153624566","https://openalex.org/W2158291508","https://openalex.org/W2158432527","https://openalex.org/W2162481448","https://openalex.org/W2173213060","https://openalex.org/W2286580204","https://openalex.org/W2296148711","https://openalex.org/W2562206395","https://openalex.org/W2577583348","https://openalex.org/W2584490897","https://openalex.org/W2751051839","https://openalex.org/W2949484202","https://openalex.org/W2962884946","https://openalex.org/W3145724052","https://openalex.org/W4242393948","https://openalex.org/W6635218656","https://openalex.org/W6636756987","https://openalex.org/W6638405810","https://openalex.org/W6646373518","https://openalex.org/W6649266012","https://openalex.org/W6657258802","https://openalex.org/W6667191846","https://openalex.org/W6675049148","https://openalex.org/W6682474454","https://openalex.org/W6696012363","https://openalex.org/W6730880636","https://openalex.org/W6731966938","https://openalex.org/W6733116559"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4226068470","https://openalex.org/W2038436109","https://openalex.org/W2122306963","https://openalex.org/W2164952701","https://openalex.org/W1856194915","https://openalex.org/W3080158623","https://openalex.org/W4288247133","https://openalex.org/W2183579781","https://openalex.org/W2170054226","https://openalex.org/W2970493378"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Several":[0],"variants":[1],"of":[2,13,21,51,67,99,108,154],"the":[3,71,93,97,148,169],"subgraph":[4],"isomorphism":[5],"problem,":[6],"e.g.,":[7],"finding,":[8],"counting,":[9],"and":[10,32,64,87,96,119,130,173],"estimating":[11],"frequencies":[12],"subgraphs":[14],"in":[15,18,41,147,166],"networks":[16,48,106],"arise":[17],"a":[19,59,84,155],"number":[20],"real":[22],"world":[23],"applications,":[24],"such":[25],"as":[26],"web":[27],"analysis,":[28],"disease":[29],"diffusion":[30],"prediction,":[31],"social":[33],"network":[34],"analysis.":[35],"These":[36],"problems":[37],"are":[38],"computationally":[39],"challenging":[40],"having":[42],"to":[43,45,103,136],"scale":[44],"very":[46,104],"large":[47,105],"with":[49,134],"millions":[50],"vertices.":[52,138],"In":[53],"this":[54],"paper,":[55],"we":[56,88,140],"present":[57],"SAHAD,":[58],"MapReduce":[60],"algorithm":[61],"for":[62],"detecting":[63],"counting":[65],"trees":[66],"bounded":[68],"size":[69],"using":[70],"elegant":[72],"color":[73],"coding":[74],"technique":[75],"developed":[76],"by":[77,144],"N.":[78],"Alon":[79],"et":[80],"al.":[81],"SAHAD":[82,101,146],"is":[83,152],"randomized":[85],"algorithm,":[86],"show":[89],"rigorous":[90],"bounds":[91],"on":[92,181],"approximation":[94],"quality":[95],"performance":[98,157,167,176],"it.":[100],"scales":[102],"comprising":[107],"10":[109,114,120,125],"<sup":[110,115,121,126],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[111,116,122,127],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">7</sup>":[112],"-":[113,124],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">8</sup>":[117,123],"vertices":[118],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">9</sup>":[128],"edges":[129],"tree-like":[131],"(acyclic)":[132],"templates":[133],"up":[135],"12":[137],"Further,":[139],"extend":[141],"our":[142],"results":[143],"implementing":[145],"Harp":[149],"framework,":[150],"which":[151],"more":[153],"high":[156],"computing":[158],"environment.":[159],"The":[160],"new":[161],"implementation":[162,172],"gives":[163],"100x":[164],"improvement":[165],"over":[168],"standard":[170],"Hadoop":[171],"achieves":[174],"better":[175],"than":[177],"state-of-the-art":[178],"MPI":[179],"solutions":[180],"larger":[182],"graphs.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
