{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405755128","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2024.3521670","title":"Explain Vision Focus: Blending Human Saliency Into Synthetic Face Images","display_name":"Explain Vision Focus: Blending Human Saliency Into Synthetic Face Images","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405755128","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2024.3521670"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmm.2024.3521670","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2024.3521670","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137030581","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","issn_l":"1520-9210","issn":["1520-9210","1941-0077"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032888856","display_name":"Kaiwei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1620-736X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaiwei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Image Communication and Network Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1620-736X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Image Communication and Network Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002554183","display_name":"Dandan Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0329-6321"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dandan Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of AI Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","Institute of AI Education, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0329-6321","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of AI Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of AI Education, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043405654","display_name":"Xiongkuo Min","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-0416"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiongkuo Min","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Image Communication and Network Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-0416","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Image Communication and Network Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015291775","display_name":"Huiyu Duan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6519-4067"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huiyu Duan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Image Communication and Network Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6519-4067","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Image Communication and Network Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064168853","display_name":"Guangtao Zhai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8165-9322"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangtao Zhai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Image Communication and Network Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8165-9322","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Image Communication and Network Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2717,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57949076,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":null,"first_page":"489","last_page":"502"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11094","display_name":"Face Recognition and Perception","score":0.9136000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11094","display_name":"Face Recognition and Perception","score":0.9136000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7882062792778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7022114992141724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6985114216804504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.6808651089668274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.6388379335403442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.45225006341934204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-detection","display_name":"Face detection","score":0.44135648012161255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3915945291519165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7882062792778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7022114992141724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6985114216804504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.6808651089668274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.6388379335403442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.45225006341934204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.44135648012161255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3915945291519165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmm.2024.3521670","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2024.3521670","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137030581","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","issn_l":"1520-9210","issn":["1520-9210","1941-0077"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.44999998807907104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1204115873","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"6213000376","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2100497217","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62377011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2908043458","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62101326","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7659021256","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62101325","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8830604195","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62271312","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1510835000","https://openalex.org/W1769933788","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1934410531","https://openalex.org/W1934890906","https://openalex.org/W2025844337","https://openalex.org/W2078903912","https://openalex.org/W2148383759","https://openalex.org/W2162216530","https://openalex.org/W2214833651","https://openalex.org/W2237250383","https://openalex.org/W2265959009","https://openalex.org/W2288514685","https://openalex.org/W2325939864","https://openalex.org/W2404498690","https://openalex.org/W2431874326","https://openalex.org/W2461475918","https://openalex.org/W2476548250","https://openalex.org/W2529173830","https://openalex.org/W2555510177","https://openalex.org/W2558906385","https://openalex.org/W2612135493","https://openalex.org/W2765102497","https://openalex.org/W2897765997","https://openalex.org/W2962780596","https://openalex.org/W2963052201","https://openalex.org/W2963503775","https://openalex.org/W2964114039","https://openalex.org/W2968638474","https://openalex.org/W2970452316","https://openalex.org/W2976087789","https://openalex.org/W2980565715","https://openalex.org/W2981374717","https://openalex.org/W2981441786","https://openalex.org/W3034371424","https://openalex.org/W3034521057","https://openalex.org/W3100302033","https://openalex.org/W3107087058","https://openalex.org/W3109585842","https://openalex.org/W3109973352","https://openalex.org/W3132652652","https://openalex.org/W3136838953","https://openalex.org/W3161316971","https://openalex.org/W3179022832","https://openalex.org/W3179041635","https://openalex.org/W3181350748","https://openalex.org/W3194945615","https://openalex.org/W3196904463","https://openalex.org/W3199495496","https://openalex.org/W3204715535","https://openalex.org/W3216820432","https://openalex.org/W4200150166","https://openalex.org/W4214564845","https://openalex.org/W4214588288","https://openalex.org/W4224281996","https://openalex.org/W4285254309","https://openalex.org/W4312237916","https://openalex.org/W4319300360","https://openalex.org/W4319300489","https://openalex.org/W4367279925","https://openalex.org/W4385732000","https://openalex.org/W6610281778"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2116423617","https://openalex.org/W2347824352","https://openalex.org/W1967587236","https://openalex.org/W2112875849","https://openalex.org/W2384651879","https://openalex.org/W2336272890","https://openalex.org/W2151699605","https://openalex.org/W4308999381","https://openalex.org/W4312238398","https://openalex.org/W3211418293"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Synthetic":[0],"faces":[1,23],"have":[2],"been":[3],"extensively":[4],"researched":[5],"and":[6,15,27,55,78,90,183],"applied":[7],"in":[8,130],"various":[9],"fields,":[10],"such":[11],"as":[12],"face":[13,20,53],"parsing":[14],"recognition.":[16],"Compared":[17],"to":[18,32,35,106,147,215],"real":[19],"images,":[21],"synthetic":[22,52,65,135],"engender":[24],"more":[25],"controllable":[26],"consistent":[28,68],"experimental":[29],"stimuli":[30],"due":[31],"the":[33,41,76,80,95,107,110,122,149,170,191,202,217],"ability":[34],"precisely":[36],"merge":[37],"expression":[38],"animations":[39],"onto":[40],"facial":[42,91,101,141,154],"skeleton.":[43],"Accordingly,":[44],"we":[45,158],"establish":[46],"an":[47],"eye-tracking":[48],"database":[49,77],"with":[50,67,128,190],"780":[51],"images":[54,66],"fixation":[56],"data":[57,72],"collected":[58],"from":[59],"22":[60],"participants.":[61],"The":[62,197],"use":[63],"of":[64,97,109,116,134,140,151,193,204,219],"expressions":[69],"ensures":[70],"reliable":[71],"support":[73],"for":[74,153,186],"exploring":[75],"determining":[79],"following":[81],"findings:":[82],"(1)":[83],"A":[84,113],"correlation":[85],"study":[86],"between":[87],"saliency":[88,142,166],"intensity":[89],"movement":[92,108],"reveals":[93],"that":[94,121,163,210],"variation":[96],"attention":[98],"distribution":[99,143],"within":[100],"regions":[102,126,150],"is":[103,144,176],"mainly":[104],"attributed":[105],"mouth.":[111],"(2)":[112],"categorized":[114],"analysis":[115],"different":[117],"demographic":[118,132],"factors":[119],"demonstrates":[120,201],"bias":[123],"towards":[124],"salient":[125],"aligns":[127],"differences":[129],"some":[131],"categories":[133],"characters.":[136],"In":[137],"practice,":[138],"inference":[139],"commonly":[145],"used":[146],"predict":[148],"interest":[152],"video-related":[155],"applications.":[156],"Therefore,":[157],"propose":[159],"a":[160],"benchmark":[161],"model":[162],"accurately":[164],"predicts":[165],"maps,":[167],"closely":[168],"matching":[169],"ground":[171],"truth":[172],"annotations.":[173],"This":[174],"achievement":[175],"made":[177],"possible":[178],"by":[179],"utilizing":[180],"channel":[181],"alignment":[182],"progressive":[184],"summation":[185],"feature":[187],"fusion,":[188],"along":[189],"incorporation":[192],"Sinusoidal":[194],"Position":[195],"Encoding.":[196],"ablation":[198],"experiment":[199],"also":[200],"effectiveness":[203],"our":[205],"proposed":[206],"model.":[207],"We":[208],"hope":[209],"this":[211],"paper":[212],"will":[213],"contribute":[214],"advancing":[216],"photorealism":[218],"generative":[220],"digital":[221],"humans.":[222]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
