{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399568683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2024.3412388","title":"Invisible Intruders: Label-Consistent Backdoor Attack Using Re-Parameterized Noise Trigger","display_name":"Invisible Intruders: Label-Consistent Backdoor Attack Using Re-Parameterized Noise Trigger","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399568683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2024.3412388"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmm.2024.3412388","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2024.3412388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137030581","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","issn_l":"1520-9210","issn":["1520-9210","1941-0077"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Bo Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1057-7973"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1057-7973","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Fei Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8014-9627"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8014-9627","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032700564","display_name":"Fei Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8943-0335"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45928872","display_name":"Alibaba Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00k642b80","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8943-0335","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2856-7290"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Future Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2856-7290","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Future Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Wei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8598-0831"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112150","display_name":"Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/022c3hy66","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210112150"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Laboratory of Pattern Recognition (NLPR) State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems (MAIS) Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CASIA), Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8598-0831","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Laboratory of Pattern Recognition (NLPR) State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems (MAIS) Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CASIA), Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112150"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4885,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81721421,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":null,"first_page":"10766","last_page":"10778"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9782000184059143,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9740999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backdoor","display_name":"Backdoor","score":0.896212637424469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7998119592666626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parameterized-complexity","display_name":"Parameterized complexity","score":0.7043980360031128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.6060426831245422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3889421224594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3677304983139038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3674611449241638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.345526784658432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3160422444343567}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781045450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254569","display_name":"Backdoor","level":2,"score":0.896212637424469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7998119592666626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165464430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1570441","display_name":"Parameterized complexity","level":2,"score":0.7043980360031128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.6060426831245422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3889421224594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3677304983139038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3674611449241638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.345526784658432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3160422444343567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmm.2024.3412388","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2024.3412388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137030581","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","issn_l":"1520-9210","issn":["1520-9210","1941-0077"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1589499613","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"19ZDA127","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","funder_display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2012155359","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62076052","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7356231321","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62106037","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322847","display_name":"Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/031141b54"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W2025768430","https://openalex.org/W2041560266","https://openalex.org/W2114770744","https://openalex.org/W2117876524","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2611484353","https://openalex.org/W2753783305","https://openalex.org/W2810292802","https://openalex.org/W2883233582","https://openalex.org/W2934843808","https://openalex.org/W2942091739","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2970335439","https://openalex.org/W2990270730","https://openalex.org/W2996800219","https://openalex.org/W3012113073","https://openalex.org/W3034579202","https://openalex.org/W3034856584","https://openalex.org/W3042368254","https://openalex.org/W3096831136","https://openalex.org/W3114686421","https://openalex.org/W3161469108","https://openalex.org/W3188772578","https://openalex.org/W3198796530","https://openalex.org/W4206230075","https://openalex.org/W4214737857","https://openalex.org/W4246193833","https://openalex.org/W4297775537","https://openalex.org/W4304080842","https://openalex.org/W4323896829","https://openalex.org/W6601402213","https://openalex.org/W6638523607","https://openalex.org/W6680532216","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6746897123","https://openalex.org/W6748526662","https://openalex.org/W6756074407","https://openalex.org/W6770897281","https://openalex.org/W6787972765","https://openalex.org/W6788876066","https://openalex.org/W6789325072"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4320031223","https://openalex.org/W4200629851","https://openalex.org/W4281902577","https://openalex.org/W4309417370","https://openalex.org/W4292107232","https://openalex.org/W3009072493","https://openalex.org/W4386080799","https://openalex.org/W3140988292","https://openalex.org/W4317672133","https://openalex.org/W4386185023"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Aremarkable":[0],"number":[1],"of":[2,27,52,93,106,155,162,177],"backdoor":[3,31,46,54,67,107,111,138],"attack":[4,47,74,163],"methods":[5,26],"have":[6],"been":[7,20],"proposed":[8,157],"in":[9,23],"the":[10,24,50,53,66,73,104,130,133,153,160],"literature":[11],"on":[12,110,144],"deep":[13],"neural":[14],"networks":[15],"(DNNs).":[16],"However,":[17],"it":[18],"hasn't":[19],"sufficiently":[21],"addressed":[22],"existing":[25],"achieving":[28],"true":[29],"senseless":[30],"attacks":[32],"that":[33,125],"are":[34,56],"visually":[35],"invisible":[36],"and":[37,80,96,135,148,166],"label-consistent.":[38],"In":[39],"this":[40],"paper,":[41],"we":[42,117],"propose":[43],"a":[44,119,175],"new":[45],"method":[48,120,158],"where":[49],"labels":[51],"images":[55,95],"perfectly":[57],"aligned":[58],"with":[59,98],"their":[60],"content,":[61],"ensuring":[62],"label":[63],"consistency.":[64],"Additionally,":[65],"trigger":[68,127],"is":[69],"meticulously":[70],"designed,":[71],"allowing":[72],"to":[75,89,102,151],"evade":[76],"DNN":[77,134],"model":[78],"checks":[79],"human":[81],"inspection.":[82],"Our":[83],"approach":[84],"employs":[85],"an":[86],"auto-encoder":[87],"(AE)":[88],"conduct":[90,141],"representation":[91],"learning":[92],"benign":[94],"interferes":[97],"salient":[99],"classification":[100,109],"features":[101],"increase":[103],"dependence":[105],"image":[108,123,131],"triggers.":[112,139],"To":[113],"ensure":[114],"visual":[115],"invisibility,":[116],"implement":[118],"inspired":[121],"by":[122],"steganography":[124],"embeds":[126],"patterns":[128],"into":[129],"using":[132],"enable":[136],"sample-specific":[137],"We":[140],"comprehensive":[142],"experiments":[143],"multiple":[145],"benchmark":[146],"datasets":[147],"network":[149],"architectures":[150],"verify":[152],"effectiveness":[154],"our":[156],"under":[159],"metric":[161],"success":[164],"rate":[165],"invisibility.":[167],"The":[168],"results":[169],"also":[170],"demonstrate":[171],"satisfactory":[172],"performance":[173],"against":[174],"variety":[176],"defense":[178],"methods.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}