{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399375939","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2024.3410117","title":"VirPNet: A Multimodal Virtual Point Generation Network for 3D Object Detection","display_name":"VirPNet: A Multimodal Virtual Point Generation Network for 3D Object Detection","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399375939","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2024.3410117"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmm.2024.3410117","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2024.3410117","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137030581","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","issn_l":"1520-9210","issn":["1520-9210","1941-0077"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7706-9434"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7706-9434","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047846625","display_name":"Shiliang Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7069-3752"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiliang Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7069-3752","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065846668","display_name":"Jing Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0158-5330"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0158-5330","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.5704,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95194097,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":null,"first_page":"10597","last_page":"10609"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9743000268936157,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8710345029830933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.5308369398117065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.4875640273094177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.475816547870636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4676116704940796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.44528335332870483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.36149483919143677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.32121896743774414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.22924676537513733}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8710345029830933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.5308369398117065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4875640273094177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.475816547870636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4676116704940796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.44528335332870483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.36149483919143677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.32121896743774414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.22924676537513733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmm.2024.3410117","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2024.3410117","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137030581","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","issn_l":"1520-9210","issn":["1520-9210","1941-0077"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5558540163","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"22ZR1421700","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321885","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5796687318","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62076096","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8706882142","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62006078","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321885","display_name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality","ror":"https://ror.org/03kt66j61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2150066425","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2468368736","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2897529137","https://openalex.org/W2949708697","https://openalex.org/W2954174912","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W2963400571","https://openalex.org/W2963410012","https://openalex.org/W2963727135","https://openalex.org/W2964062501","https://openalex.org/W2968296999","https://openalex.org/W3004237909","https://openalex.org/W3008105217","https://openalex.org/W3015248322","https://openalex.org/W3017930107","https://openalex.org/W3034314779","https://openalex.org/W3035346742","https://openalex.org/W3035461736","https://openalex.org/W3035574168","https://openalex.org/W3108426750","https://openalex.org/W3157424380","https://openalex.org/W3167095230","https://openalex.org/W3170030651","https://openalex.org/W3206335707","https://openalex.org/W3216015562","https://openalex.org/W3217335336","https://openalex.org/W4205334590","https://openalex.org/W4210686719","https://openalex.org/W4220687287","https://openalex.org/W4225986494","https://openalex.org/W4297999738","https://openalex.org/W4312707458","https://openalex.org/W4312934050","https://openalex.org/W4386083121","https://openalex.org/W6620707391","https://openalex.org/W6739778489","https://openalex.org/W6763422710","https://openalex.org/W6785213549","https://openalex.org/W6794141403","https://openalex.org/W6803556390","https://openalex.org/W6842385943"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2737719445","https://openalex.org/W4239098401","https://openalex.org/W2898210368","https://openalex.org/W2382480268","https://openalex.org/W1976518449","https://openalex.org/W2732837990","https://openalex.org/W2363366881","https://openalex.org/W4206198161","https://openalex.org/W4292830139","https://openalex.org/W4319309705"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"LiDAR":[0,145],"and":[1,120,146,164,167,191],"camera":[2,147],"are":[3,33],"the":[4,11,22,45,49,58,65,78,82,104,122,127,141,159,198,202,205],"most":[5],"common":[6],"used":[7],"sensors":[8,62],"to":[9,20,26,102,139],"percept":[10],"road":[12],"scenes":[13],"in":[14],"autonomous":[15],"driving.":[16],"Current":[17],"methods":[18],"tried":[19],"fuse":[21],"two":[23,35,79],"complementary":[24],"information":[25,76,161],"boost":[27],"3D":[28,40,89,133,169,187],"object":[29,41,90,188],"detection.":[30,42,91],"However,":[31],"there":[32],"still":[34],"burning":[36],"problems":[37],"for":[38,48,87],"multi-modality":[39,88,105],"One":[43],"is":[44,57,85],"detection":[46,124,189,199],"problem":[47,178],"objects":[50,116],"with":[51,81,201],"sparse":[52,113],"point":[53,98,114,137,152,165,170],"clouds.":[54],"The":[55],"other":[56,128],"misalignment":[59,84,143],"of":[60,162,204],"different":[61],"caused":[63],"by":[64],"fixed":[66],"physical":[67,83,142],"locations.":[68],"Therefore,":[69],"this":[70],"paper":[71,93],"argues":[72],"that":[73,195],"explicitly":[74],"fusing":[75],"from":[77,117,135,150],"modalities":[80],"suboptimal":[86],"This":[92],"presents":[94],"a":[95,174,180],"novel":[96],"virtual":[97,181,207],"generation":[99],"network,":[100],"VirPNet,":[101],"overcome":[103],"fusion":[106],"challenges.":[107],"On":[108,126],"one":[109],"hand,":[110,129],"it":[111,130],"completes":[112],"cloud":[115,153,171],"image":[118],"source":[119],"improves":[121,197],"final":[123],"accuracy.":[125],"directly":[131],"detects":[132],"targets":[134],"raw":[136],"clouds":[138,166],"avoid":[140],"between":[144],"sensors.":[148],"Different":[149],"previous":[151],"completion":[154],"methods,":[155],"VirPNet":[156,196],"fully":[157],"utilizes":[158],"geometric":[160],"pixels":[163],"simplifies":[168],"regression":[172,177],"into":[173],"2D":[175],"distance":[176],"through":[179],"plane.":[182],"Experimental":[183],"results":[184],"on":[185],"KITTI":[186],"dataset":[190,193],"nuScenes":[192],"demonstrate":[194],"accuracy":[200],"help":[203],"generated":[206],"points.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-12-22T23:10:17.713674","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
