{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312444556","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2022.3210761","title":"Importance-Aware Information Bottleneck Learning Paradigm for Lip Reading","display_name":"Importance-Aware Information Bottleneck Learning Paradigm for Lip Reading","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312444556","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2022.3210761"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmm.2022.3210761","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2022.3210761","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137030581","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","issn_l":"1520-9210","issn":["1520-9210","1941-0077"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007427128","display_name":"Changchong Sheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6255-754X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changchong Sheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6255-754X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100418783","display_name":"Li Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2011-2873"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Big Data And Decision, College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2011-2873","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Big Data And Decision, College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047939628","display_name":"Wanxia Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4179-0059"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wanxia Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4179-0059","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046818326","display_name":"Liang Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0380-2995"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Big Data And Decision, College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Big Data And Decision, College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100376861","display_name":"Zhong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3242-5997"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Big Data And Decision, College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Big Data And Decision, College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025657211","display_name":"Songyang Lao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8025-3766"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Songyang Lao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Big Data And Decision, College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8025-3766","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Big Data And Decision, College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082887216","display_name":"Gangyao Kuang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2620-889X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gangyao Kuang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014611768","display_name":"Matti Pietik\u00e4inen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2263-6731"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matti Pietik\u00e4inen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Machine Vision and Signal Analysis, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2263-6731","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Machine Vision and Signal Analysis, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5554,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82895896,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":null,"first_page":"6563","last_page":"6574"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.8811132311820984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8309513330459595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.7490959763526917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6694148182868958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overfitting","display_name":"Overfitting","score":0.6607861518859863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading","display_name":"Reading (process)","score":0.658818244934082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5454398989677429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5303443670272827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.46676748991012573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4651649296283722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3605789840221405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.1422387659549713}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.8811132311820984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8309513330459595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.7490959763526917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6694148182868958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22019652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331309","display_name":"Overfitting","level":3,"score":0.6607861518859863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.658818244934082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5454398989677429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5303443670272827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.46676748991012573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4651649296283722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3605789840221405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.1422387659549713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmm.2022.3210761","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2022.3210761","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137030581","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","issn_l":"1520-9210","issn":["1520-9210","1941-0077"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oulu.fi:nbnfi-fe20231004138661","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi-fe20231004138661","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400284","display_name":"University of Oulu Repository (University of Oulu)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","host_organization_name":"University of Oulu","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1761424634","display_name":"\u7d27\u81f4\u9ad8\u6548\u56fe\u50cf\u7eb9\u7406\u7279\u5f81\u8868\u8fbe\u4e0e\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61872379","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2443591357","display_name":"LESLearn: Label, Energy and Sample Efficient Feature Representation and Learning in Computer Vision","funder_award_id":"331883","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","funder_display_name":"Academy of Finland"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8008312880","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"331883","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","funder_display_name":"Academy of Finland"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","display_name":"Academy of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/05k73zm37"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":91,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1531976713","https://openalex.org/W1686946872","https://openalex.org/W1946606198","https://openalex.org/W1962124124","https://openalex.org/W1992057917","https://openalex.org/W2033895145","https://openalex.org/W2095705004","https://openalex.org/W2098355375","https://openalex.org/W2113814270","https://openalex.org/W2121486117","https://openalex.org/W2136155248","https://openalex.org/W2138527036","https://openalex.org/W2144513243","https://openalex.org/W2144513380","https://openalex.org/W2163973301","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2240067561","https://openalex.org/W2398406965","https://openalex.org/W2408589826","https://openalex.org/W2516809705","https://openalex.org/W2547875792","https://openalex.org/W2593634001","https://openalex.org/W2594690981","https://openalex.org/W2613448434","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2765407302","https://openalex.org/W2788440360","https://openalex.org/W2797548502","https://openalex.org/W2804878416","https://openalex.org/W2808706139","https://openalex.org/W2890952074","https://openalex.org/W2891205112","https://openalex.org/W2897318954","https://openalex.org/W2897492880","https://openalex.org/W2947883281","https://openalex.org/W2963528589","https://openalex.org/W2963654155","https://openalex.org/W2964145162","https://openalex.org/W2964171275","https://openalex.org/W2964184826","https://openalex.org/W2970270554","https://openalex.org/W2981501041","https://openalex.org/W2986831462","https://openalex.org/W2989653627","https://openalex.org/W3016011581","https://openalex.org/W3083978735","https://openalex.org/W3094193403","https://openalex.org/W3095622232","https://openalex.org/W3103322708","https://openalex.org/W3106622879","https://openalex.org/W3113270693","https://openalex.org/W3127334095","https://openalex.org/W3127645834","https://openalex.org/W3134134173","https://openalex.org/W3136499730","https://openalex.org/W3162707322","https://openalex.org/W3174139848","https://openalex.org/W3175342695","https://openalex.org/W3201301914","https://openalex.org/W3204249496","https://openalex.org/W4236398794","https://openalex.org/W4287113645","https://openalex.org/W4287907717","https://openalex.org/W4293469690","https://openalex.org/W4297749952","https://openalex.org/W4309793939","https://openalex.org/W4312638101","https://openalex.org/W4376321133","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W6631751486","https://openalex.org/W6637108112","https://openalex.org/W6674330103","https://openalex.org/W6681151457","https://openalex.org/W6729448088","https://openalex.org/W6729906282","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6745136726","https://openalex.org/W6748728731","https://openalex.org/W6752888775","https://openalex.org/W6754420807","https://openalex.org/W6756362675","https://openalex.org/W6763296340","https://openalex.org/W6767349417","https://openalex.org/W6772015689","https://openalex.org/W6784127326","https://openalex.org/W6784958482","https://openalex.org/W6785851975","https://openalex.org/W6786372742","https://openalex.org/W6790838182","https://openalex.org/W6797389900"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1574414179","https://openalex.org/W4362597605","https://openalex.org/W2905433371","https://openalex.org/W3009056573","https://openalex.org/W2922073769","https://openalex.org/W4297676672","https://openalex.org/W4281702477","https://openalex.org/W4390569940","https://openalex.org/W2888392564","https://openalex.org/W3099765033"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Lip":[0],"reading":[1,28,60,109,133],"is":[2,70],"the":[3,37,54,75,81,97,102,113,121,126],"task":[4],"of":[5,58,77,85,131],"decoding":[6],"text":[7],"from":[8,31],"speakers'":[9],"mouth":[10],"movements.":[11],"Numerous":[12],"deep":[13,26],"learning-based":[14],"methods":[15],"have":[16],"been":[17],"proposed":[18,122],"to":[19,35,52,72,95],"address":[20],"this":[21,42],"task.":[22],"However,":[23],"these":[24],"existing":[25],"lip":[27,59,108,132],"models":[29,111],"suffer":[30],"poor":[32],"generalization":[33,57,127],"due":[34],"overfitting":[36],"training":[38],"data.":[39],"To":[40],"resolve":[41],"issue,":[43],"we":[44],"present":[45],"a":[46,64],"novel":[47,103],"learning":[48,104],"paradigm":[49,105],"that":[50,120],"aims":[51],"improve":[53],"interpretability":[55,130],"and":[56,88,115,129],"models.":[61,134],"In":[62],"specific,":[63],"Variational":[65],"Temporal":[66],"Mask":[67],"(VTM)":[68],"module":[69],"customized":[71],"automatically":[73],"analyze":[74],"importance":[76],"frame-level":[78],"features.":[79],"Furthermore,":[80],"prediction":[82],"consistency":[83],"constraints":[84],"global":[86],"information":[87],"local":[89],"temporal":[90],"important":[91],"features":[92],"are":[93],"introduced":[94],"strengthen":[96],"model":[98],"generalization.":[99],"We":[100],"evaluate":[101],"with":[106],"multiple":[107],"baseline":[110],"on":[112],"LRW":[114],"LRW-1000":[116],"datasets.":[117],"Experiments":[118],"show":[119],"framework":[123],"significantly":[124],"improves":[125],"performance":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
