{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4221160947","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2022.3181455","title":"RFMask: A Simple Baseline for Human Silhouette Segmentation With Radio Signals","display_name":"RFMask: A Simple Baseline for Human Silhouette Segmentation With Radio Signals","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4221160947","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2022.3181455"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmm.2022.3181455","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2022.3181455","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137030581","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","issn_l":"1520-9210","issn":["1520-9210","1941-0077"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112120602","display_name":"Zhi Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7097-4837"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhi Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7097-4837","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038027002","display_name":"Dongheng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6309-6626"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongheng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6309-6626","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062600918","display_name":"Chunyang Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5074-314X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunyang Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5074-314X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034257982","display_name":"Cong Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6744-021X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cong Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6744-021X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100666552","display_name":"Jinbo Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4532-3236"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinbo Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4532-3236","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089921601","display_name":"Yang Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0379-1525"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0379-1525","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100378075","display_name":"Yan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3227-4562"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3227-4562","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.3867,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99075216,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":null,"first_page":"4730","last_page":"4741"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silhouette","display_name":"Silhouette","score":0.9412770867347717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7931880950927734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6842617392539978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6582128405570984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6317429542541504}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58103923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2286025","display_name":"Silhouette","level":2,"score":0.9412770867347717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7931880950927734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6842617392539978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6582128405570984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6317429542541504}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmm.2022.3181455","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2022.3181455","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137030581","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","issn_l":"1520-9210","issn":["1520-9210","1941-0077"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8134412933","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62172381","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1817277359","https://openalex.org/W1893512822","https://openalex.org/W1894623711","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W2125431326","https://openalex.org/W2167667767","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2560023338","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2594230123","https://openalex.org/W2736291874","https://openalex.org/W2740222873","https://openalex.org/W2799062425","https://openalex.org/W2827033964","https://openalex.org/W2942467756","https://openalex.org/W2963150697","https://openalex.org/W2963781481","https://openalex.org/W2963881378","https://openalex.org/W2997225633","https://openalex.org/W3034355852","https://openalex.org/W3035141873","https://openalex.org/W3035358681","https://openalex.org/W3084258471","https://openalex.org/W3088603624","https://openalex.org/W3133929890","https://openalex.org/W3150529520","https://openalex.org/W4213210732","https://openalex.org/W4297665946","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W6620707391","https://openalex.org/W6638480814","https://openalex.org/W6678333482","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6741771580","https://openalex.org/W6751733626","https://openalex.org/W6775845032"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972015969","https://openalex.org/W2121864739","https://openalex.org/W1970579918","https://openalex.org/W2138512798","https://openalex.org/W2048083981","https://openalex.org/W263122454","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2036807459","https://openalex.org/W2775347418"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Human":[0],"silhouette":[1,69,176,209],"segmentation,":[2],"which":[3,56],"is":[4,75,202],"originally":[5],"defined":[6],"in":[7,46,243],"computer":[8],"vision,":[9],"has":[10],"achieved":[11],"promising":[12],"results":[13,166],"for":[14],"understanding":[15],"human":[16,107,119,160,175,208],"activities.":[17],"However,":[18],"the":[19,53,64,100,123,169,180,196,203],"physical":[20],"limitation":[21],"makes":[22],"existing":[23],"systems":[24],"based":[25,134,210],"on":[26,90,109,211],"optical":[27],"cameras":[28],"suffer":[29],"from":[30,115,126],"severe":[31],"performance":[32],"degradation":[33],"under":[34,162,179],"low":[35,185],"illumination,":[36],"smoke,":[37],"and/or":[38],"opaque":[39],"obstruction":[40],"conditions.":[41],"To":[42,138,195],"overcome":[43],"such":[44],"limitations,":[45],"this":[47,201],"paper,":[48],"we":[49,143],"propose":[50],"to":[51,67],"utilize":[52],"radio":[54,151,234],"signals,":[55],"can":[57,172,220],"traverse":[58],"obstacles":[59],"and":[60,96,112,153,187,225,238],"are":[61,129],"unaffected":[62],"by":[63,86],"lighting":[65],"conditions":[66],"achieve":[68,173],"segmentation.":[70],"The":[71,236],"proposed":[72,141,170],"RFMask":[73],"framework":[74,171],"composed":[76],"of":[77,198],"three":[78],"modules.":[79],"It":[80],"first":[81,204],"transforms":[82],"RF":[83,110,127],"signals":[84,117],"captured":[85],"millimeter":[87,212],"wave":[88,213],"radar":[89],"two":[91],"planes":[92],"into":[93],"spatial":[94],"domain":[95],"suppress":[97],"interference":[98],"with":[99,118,131,159,233],"signal":[101],"processing":[102],"module.":[103,121,137],"Then,":[104],"it":[105],"locates":[106],"reflections":[108],"frames":[111,128,152,158],"extract":[113],"features":[114,125],"surrounding":[116],"detection":[120],"Finally,":[122],"extracted":[124],"aggregated":[130],"an":[132],"attention":[133],"mask":[135],"generation":[136],"verify":[139],"our":[140,199,218],"framework,":[142],"collect":[144],"a":[145,223],"dataset":[146,237],"containing":[147],"<bold":[148,154],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[149,155],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">804,760</b>":[150],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">402,380</b>":[156],"camera":[157],"activities":[161],"various":[163],"scenes.":[164],"Experimental":[165],"show":[167],"that":[168,217,229],"impressive":[174],"segmentation":[177],"even":[178],"challenging":[181],"scenarios":[182],"(such":[183],"as":[184,222],"light":[186],"occlusion":[188],"scenarios)":[189],"where":[190],"traditional":[191],"optical-camera-based":[192],"methods":[193],"fail.":[194],"best":[197],"knowledge,":[200],"investigation":[205],"towards":[206],"segmenting":[207],"signals.":[214,235],"We":[215],"hope":[216],"work":[219],"serve":[221],"baseline":[224],"inspire":[226],"further":[227],"research":[228],"perform":[230],"vision":[231],"tasks":[232],"codes":[239],"will":[240],"be":[241],"made":[242],"public.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
