{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3039250377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2020.3006414","title":"Supervised Pixel-Wise GAN for Face Super-Resolution","display_name":"Supervised Pixel-Wise GAN for Face Super-Resolution","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3039250377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2020.3006414","mag":"3039250377"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmm.2020.3006414","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2020.3006414","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137030581","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","issn_l":"1520-9210","issn":["1520-9210","1941-0077"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091343342","display_name":"Menglei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0418-7377"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Menglei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007719477","display_name":"Qiang Ling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5688-4130"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Ling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5688-4130","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5201,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":97,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95710913,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":null,"first_page":"1938","last_page":"1950"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.6578273773193359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notation","display_name":"Notation","score":0.6427156925201416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5424157381057739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5065332651138306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4961763322353363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resolution","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","score":0.4477963149547577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.42307204008102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.37072762846946716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.13134092092514038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.06275469064712524}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.6578273773193359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.6427156925201416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5424157381057739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5065332651138306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4961763322353363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.4477963149547577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.42307204008102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.37072762846946716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.13134092092514038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.06275469064712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmm.2020.3006414","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2020.3006414","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137030581","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","issn_l":"1520-9210","issn":["1520-9210","1941-0077"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1563338414","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1782590233","https://openalex.org/W1796263212","https://openalex.org/W1834627138","https://openalex.org/W1885185971","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W1983781364","https://openalex.org/W1988974846","https://openalex.org/W2054515210","https://openalex.org/W2099471712","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2242218935","https://openalex.org/W2331128040","https://openalex.org/W2332698925","https://openalex.org/W2399409792","https://openalex.org/W2404498690","https://openalex.org/W2476548250","https://openalex.org/W2507235960","https://openalex.org/W2518224564","https://openalex.org/W2663800299","https://openalex.org/W2739748921","https://openalex.org/W2776107444","https://openalex.org/W2785678896","https://openalex.org/W2798748382","https://openalex.org/W2804078698","https://openalex.org/W2866634454","https://openalex.org/W2891158090","https://openalex.org/W2893749619","https://openalex.org/W2895542678","https://openalex.org/W2898408087","https://openalex.org/W2952716587","https://openalex.org/W2962770929","https://openalex.org/W2962898354","https://openalex.org/W2963037581","https://openalex.org/W2963073614","https://openalex.org/W2963182372","https://openalex.org/W2963372104","https://openalex.org/W2963373786","https://openalex.org/W2963470893","https://openalex.org/W2963583792","https://openalex.org/W2963676087","https://openalex.org/W2963836885","https://openalex.org/W2963839617","https://openalex.org/W2963976704","https://openalex.org/W2963981733","https://openalex.org/W2964101377","https://openalex.org/W2964167901","https://openalex.org/W2979639244","https://openalex.org/W3201409833","https://openalex.org/W4320013936","https://openalex.org/W6633748423","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6638046521","https://openalex.org/W6638488279","https://openalex.org/W6702130928","https://openalex.org/W6718379498","https://openalex.org/W6741832134","https://openalex.org/W6748582592","https://openalex.org/W6752378368","https://openalex.org/W6753074096","https://openalex.org/W6755312952","https://openalex.org/W6765779288"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2963177394","https://openalex.org/W2073681303","https://openalex.org/W2024638892","https://openalex.org/W763418848","https://openalex.org/W1595229445","https://openalex.org/W1965815883","https://openalex.org/W149041114","https://openalex.org/W4313359513","https://openalex.org/W3103111272"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0],"many":[1],"face-related":[2],"multimedia":[3],"applications,":[4],"low-resolution":[5,71],"face":[6,12,17,49,72,130,144,150,160,173,179,185,189,197,204,222,239],"images":[7,236],"may":[8,42],"greatly":[9],"degrade":[10],"the":[11,21,53,105,108,115,127,140,149,159,168,202,207,228],"recognition":[13,151,198,240],"performance":[14,152],"and":[15,32,187,237],"necessitate":[16],"super-resolution":[18],"(SR).":[19],"Among":[20],"current":[22],"SR":[23,26,40,129,184,235],"methods,":[24],"MSE-oriented":[25],"methods":[27,41],"often":[28],"produce":[29],"over-smoothed":[30],"outputs":[31],"could":[33],"miss":[34],"some":[35,243],"texture":[36,215],"details":[37,216],"while":[38],"GAN-oriented":[39],"generate":[43,99],"artifacts":[44],"which":[45,98,191,217],"are":[46,192,218],"harmful":[47],"to":[48,78,103,167,201,214,221],"recognition.":[50,223],"To":[51,146],"resolve":[52,68],"above":[54],"issues,":[55],"this":[56],"paper":[57],"presents":[58],"a":[59,69,89,100,176,195],"supervised":[60,117],"pixel-wise":[61,118],"Generative":[62],"Adversarial":[63],"Network":[64],"(SPGAN)":[65],"that":[66,227],"can":[67,210,231],"very":[70],"image":[73,110,131,174,180],"of$16\\times":[74],"16$or":[75],"smaller":[76],"pixel-size":[77],"its":[79,136,182,188],"larger":[80],"version":[81],"of":[82,126,153,158],"multiple":[83],"scaling":[84],"factors":[85],"($2\\times$,$4\\times$,$8\\times$and":[86],"even$16\\times$)":[87],"in":[88,139],"unified":[90],"framework.":[91],"Being":[92],"different":[93],"from":[94,194],"traditional":[95],"unsupervised":[96],"discriminators":[97],"single":[101],"number":[102],"represent":[104],"likelihood":[106],"whether":[107,123],"input":[109,172],"is":[111,132],"real":[112,177],"or":[113,181],"fake,":[114],"proposed":[116,229],"discriminator":[119,209],"mainly":[120],"focus":[121],"on":[122],"each":[124],"pixel":[125,138],"generated":[128],"as":[133,135],"photo-realistic":[134,234],"corresponding":[137,183],"ground-truth":[141],"HR":[142,178],"(high-resolution)":[143],"image.":[145],"further":[147],"improve":[148],"SPGAN,":[154],"we":[155],"take":[156],"advantage":[157],"identity":[161,205],"prior":[162],"by":[163],"sending":[164],"two":[165],"inputs":[166],"discriminator,":[169],"including":[170],"an":[171],"(either":[175],"image)":[186],"features":[190],"extracted":[193],"pre-trained":[196],"model.":[199],"Due":[200],"introduced":[203],"prior,":[206],"identity-based":[208],"pay":[211],"more":[212,233],"attention":[213],"closely":[219],"related":[220],"Extensive":[224],"experiments":[225],"demonstrate":[226],"SPGAN":[230],"achieve":[232],"higher":[238],"accuracy":[241],"than":[242],"state-of-the-art":[244],"methods.":[245]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}