{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2792265253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2018.2811621","title":"Bundled Object Context for Referring Expressions","display_name":"Bundled Object Context for Referring Expressions","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-03-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2792265253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2018.2811621","mag":"2792265253"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmm.2018.2811621","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2018.2811621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137030581","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","issn_l":"1520-9210","issn":["1520-9210","1941-0077"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100341799","display_name":"Xiangyang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3944-4704"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangyang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3944-4704","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085719285","display_name":"Shuqiang Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1596-4326"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuqiang Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1596-4326","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4601,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83104006,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"10","first_page":"2749","last_page":"2760"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8578711748123169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.6181895136833191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.610236644744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-model","display_name":"Context model","score":0.5749162435531616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.5635384321212769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5313870310783386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concatenation","display_name":"Concatenation (mathematics)","score":0.5200326442718506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expression","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","score":0.48545438051223755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.4760027825832367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.45434921979904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.44354841113090515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.37310951948165894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.32121336460113525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.11864230036735535}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8578711748123169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.6181895136833191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.610236644744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183322885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17007702","display_name":"Context model","level":3,"score":0.5749162435531616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5635384321212769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5313870310783386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87619178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126002","display_name":"Concatenation (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5200326442718506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.48545438051223755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4760027825832367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.45434921979904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.44354841113090515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.37310951948165894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.32121336460113525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.11864230036735535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmm.2018.2811621","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2018.2811621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137030581","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","issn_l":"1520-9210","issn":["1520-9210","1941-0077"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3605299792","display_name":"\u8de8\u7f51\u4e92\u8054\u89c6\u97f3\u9891\u5173\u8054\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u641c\u7d22","funder_award_id":"61532018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":106,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1514535095","https://openalex.org/W1553469512","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1785460851","https://openalex.org/W1811254738","https://openalex.org/W1897761818","https://openalex.org/W1905882502","https://openalex.org/W1909234690","https://openalex.org/W1923162067","https://openalex.org/W1923211482","https://openalex.org/W1969616664","https://openalex.org/W2005814556","https://openalex.org/W2022398331","https://openalex.org/W2053946370","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2101105183","https://openalex.org/W2107878631","https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2125447031","https://openalex.org/W2133512280","https://openalex.org/W2142920810","https://openalex.org/W2144499799","https://openalex.org/W2144960104","https://openalex.org/W2154652894","https://openalex.org/W2155893237","https://openalex.org/W2159149613","https://openalex.org/W2176091656","https://openalex.org/W2186283982","https://openalex.org/W2204696980","https://openalex.org/W2250799982","https://openalex.org/W2251512949","https://openalex.org/W2257307118","https://openalex.org/W2302086703","https://openalex.org/W2302548814","https://openalex.org/W2309415944","https://openalex.org/W2316082076","https://openalex.org/W2339652278","https://openalex.org/W2342543219","https://openalex.org/W2375583958","https://openalex.org/W2489434015","https://openalex.org/W2526273376","https://openalex.org/W2554334383","https://openalex.org/W2558535589","https://openalex.org/W2564898401","https://openalex.org/W2571175805","https://openalex.org/W2583360688","https://openalex.org/W2606609115","https://openalex.org/W2949559657","https://openalex.org/W2950094539","https://openalex.org/W2962706528","https://openalex.org/W2962811161","https://openalex.org/W2963093690","https://openalex.org/W2963109634","https://openalex.org/W2963389687","https://openalex.org/W2963630207","https://openalex.org/W2963656855","https://openalex.org/W2963716836","https://openalex.org/W2963735856","https://openalex.org/W2963745697","https://openalex.org/W2963758027","https://openalex.org/W2964018924","https://openalex.org/W2964168617","https://openalex.org/W3098232790","https://openalex.org/W3099884890","https://openalex.org/W3122775348","https://openalex.org/W6620707391","https://openalex.org/W6630875275","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6638742206","https://openalex.org/W6639694449","https://openalex.org/W6639809013","https://openalex.org/W6639954274","https://openalex.org/W6640071036","https://openalex.org/W6663829813","https://openalex.org/W6681075545","https://openalex.org/W6682631176","https://openalex.org/W6683346186","https://openalex.org/W6685265622","https://openalex.org/W6685342604","https://openalex.org/W6687734184","https://openalex.org/W6690386867","https://openalex.org/W6691231616","https://openalex.org/W6691503852","https://openalex.org/W6691783751","https://openalex.org/W6692004142","https://openalex.org/W6695709487","https://openalex.org/W6697921835","https://openalex.org/W6698228248","https://openalex.org/W6698540767","https://openalex.org/W6704011006","https://openalex.org/W6704203392","https://openalex.org/W6709066369","https://openalex.org/W6713731963","https://openalex.org/W6714414533","https://openalex.org/W6723035356","https://openalex.org/W6727393572","https://openalex.org/W6730250122","https://openalex.org/W6731766730","https://openalex.org/W6733129252","https://openalex.org/W6734404982","https://openalex.org/W6736316011","https://openalex.org/W6742353826","https://openalex.org/W6764076272","https://openalex.org/W6785355775","https://openalex.org/W6898505805"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2373577936","https://openalex.org/W4221148444","https://openalex.org/W4387678054","https://openalex.org/W2389596151","https://openalex.org/W3095575180","https://openalex.org/W4306784355","https://openalex.org/W2169308097","https://openalex.org/W3091984855","https://openalex.org/W2150768546","https://openalex.org/W2047854931"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Referring":[0],"expressions":[1],"are":[2,131,168],"natural":[3],"language":[4],"descriptions":[5],"of":[6,14,29,37,45,64,78,106,156,164,179,190,226,230],"objects":[7,80,91,130],"within":[8],"a":[9,18,72,100,107,116,180],"given":[10],"scene.":[11],"Context":[12],"is":[13,67,104],"crucial":[15],"importance":[16],"for":[17,125],"referring":[19,73,126,181],"expression,":[20],"as":[21,58,71],"the":[22,27,30,35,38,50,59,62,141,150,154,157,162,165,171,177,191,204,227,231,244],"description":[23],"not":[24],"only":[25],"depicts":[26],"properties":[28],"object":[31,40,57,123,167],"but":[32],"also":[33,236],"involves":[34],"relationships":[36,77],"referred":[39,166],"with":[41,133],"other":[42],"ones.":[43],"Most":[44],"previous":[46],"work":[47],"uses":[48],"either":[49],"whole":[51,205],"image":[52],"or":[53],"one":[54],"particular":[55],"contextual":[56,129,201],"context.":[60],"However,":[61],"context":[63,87,109,124,143,151,159,233,246],"these":[65],"approaches":[66],"holistic":[68],"and":[69,115,137,148,161,186],"insufficient,":[70],"expression":[74],"often":[75],"describes":[76],"multiple":[79],"in":[81,92,95],"an":[82,93],"image.":[83],"To":[84],"leverage":[85],"rich":[86],"information":[88,202],"from":[89],"all":[90],"image,":[94],"this":[96],"paper,":[97],"we":[98],"propose":[99],"novel":[101],"scheme":[102],"that":[103,213,238],"composed":[105],"visual":[108,142,232],"long":[110],"short-term":[111],"memory":[112],"(LSTM)":[113],"module":[114,119,145,174],"sentence":[117,172],"LSTM":[118,144,173,192,234],"to":[120,146,175,197,221],"model":[121,196],"bundled":[122],"expressions.":[127],"All":[128],"arranged":[132],"their":[134],"spatial":[135],"locations":[136],"progressively":[138],"fed":[139],"into":[140,170],"acquire":[147],"aggregate":[149],"features.":[152],"Then":[153],"concatenation":[155],"learned":[158],"features":[160,163],"put":[169],"learn":[176],"probability":[178],"expression.":[182],"The":[183],"feedback":[184],"connections":[185],"internal":[187,228],"gating":[188],"mechanism":[189],"cells":[193,235],"enable":[194],"our":[195,214,239],"selectively":[198],"propagate":[199],"relevant":[200],"through":[203],"network.":[206],"Experiments":[207],"on":[208],"three":[209],"benchmark":[210],"datasets":[211],"show":[212],"methods":[215],"can":[216,241],"achieve":[217],"promising":[218],"results":[219],"compared":[220],"state-of-the-art":[222],"methods.":[223],"Moreover,":[224],"visualization":[225],"states":[229],"shows":[237],"method":[240],"automatically":[242],"select":[243],"pertinent":[245],"objects.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}