{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2791220068","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2018.2803526","title":"Robust 3-D Human Detection in Complex Environments With a Depth Camera","display_name":"Robust 3-D Human Detection in Complex Environments With a Depth Camera","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-02-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2791220068","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2018.2803526","mag":"2791220068"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmm.2018.2803526","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2018.2803526","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137030581","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","issn_l":"1520-9210","issn":["1520-9210","1941-0077"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026431700","display_name":"Luchao Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9367-2011"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luchao Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","[School of Computer Science Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9367-2011","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Computer Science Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101907703","display_name":"Mingchen Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5181-8193"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingchen Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","[School of Computer Science Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5181-8193","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Computer Science Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100647396","display_name":"Hao Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0270-5437"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","[School of Computer Science Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0270-5437","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Computer Science Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100361857","display_name":"Jun Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4365-4165"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological university,Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4365-4165","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological university,Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037138742","display_name":"Guyue Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9061-1750"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guyue Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","[School of Computer Science Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9061-1750","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Computer Science Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047949123","display_name":"Yan Qiu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2100-0988"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Qiu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","[School of Computer Science Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2100-0988","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Computer Science Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8092,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93253976,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"9","first_page":"2249","last_page":"2261"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8789870142936707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7278295755386353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.6164060235023499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.6081562042236328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.5914707183837891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sliding-window-protocol","display_name":"Sliding window protocol","score":0.5862559080123901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5147838592529297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4646183252334595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.4568442106246948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4349524974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.41148680448532104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.4108366370201111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/window","display_name":"Window (computing)","score":0.31598225235939026}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8789870142936707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7278295755386353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.6164060235023499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.6081562042236328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.5914707183837891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102392041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q592860","display_name":"Sliding window protocol","level":3,"score":0.5862559080123901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5147838592529297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4646183252334595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4568442106246948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4349524974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.41148680448532104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4108366370201111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778751112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835016","display_name":"Window (computing)","level":2,"score":0.31598225235939026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmm.2018.2803526","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2018.2803526","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137030581","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","issn_l":"1520-9210","issn":["1520-9210","1941-0077"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.lancs.ac.uk:223077","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/223077/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401916","display_name":"Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","host_organization_name":"Lancaster University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8691718102","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"17ZR1402300","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321885","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321885","display_name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality","ror":"https://ror.org/03kt66j61"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W855464613","https://openalex.org/W1536680647","https://openalex.org/W1565402342","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1951197113","https://openalex.org/W1964191339","https://openalex.org/W1976818984","https://openalex.org/W1992825118","https://openalex.org/W2000825879","https://openalex.org/W2010340098","https://openalex.org/W2031454541","https://openalex.org/W2070217198","https://openalex.org/W2096112371","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2097324787","https://openalex.org/W2099570340","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2107775979","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2120419212","https://openalex.org/W2120907774","https://openalex.org/W2121102817","https://openalex.org/W2123761428","https://openalex.org/W2131748762","https://openalex.org/W2132985428","https://openalex.org/W2134670479","https://openalex.org/W2137504719","https://openalex.org/W2150066425","https://openalex.org/W2150183285","https://openalex.org/W2155893237","https://openalex.org/W2156547346","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2162741153","https://openalex.org/W2162846286","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2168195382","https://openalex.org/W2168356304","https://openalex.org/W2172156083","https://openalex.org/W2253429366","https://openalex.org/W2395235827","https://openalex.org/W2487852963","https://openalex.org/W2509838350","https://openalex.org/W2510185399","https://openalex.org/W2519750370","https://openalex.org/W2548197316","https://openalex.org/W2579034730","https://openalex.org/W2613718673","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2736334449","https://openalex.org/W2751912274","https://openalex.org/W2753752584","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W3101203783","https://openalex.org/W3106250896","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6640901054","https://openalex.org/W6674636832","https://openalex.org/W6674662834","https://openalex.org/W6678163432","https://openalex.org/W6679792166","https://openalex.org/W6732365693","https://openalex.org/W6785652829"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2109115373","https://openalex.org/W2390901981","https://openalex.org/W2353818951","https://openalex.org/W3014558862","https://openalex.org/W2949096641","https://openalex.org/W2970686063","https://openalex.org/W4320729701","https://openalex.org/W3034745255","https://openalex.org/W4254103348","https://openalex.org/W2790624640"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Human":[0],"detection":[1],"has":[2],"received":[3],"great":[4],"attention":[5],"during":[6],"the":[7,24,32,49,59,73,83,88,115,125,143,149],"past":[8],"few":[9],"decades,":[10],"which":[11],"is":[12,146],"yet":[13],"still":[14],"a":[15,93],"challenging":[16,136],"problem.":[17],"In":[18,87],"this":[19],"paper,":[20],"we":[21,69,91],"focus":[22],"on":[23,119,132],"problem":[25],"of":[26,107],"3-D":[27,38,42],"human":[28,33],"detection,":[29],"i.e.,":[30],"finding":[31],"bodies":[34],"and":[35,58,80,99],"determining":[36],"their":[37],"coordinates":[39],"in":[40],"complex":[41],"space":[43],"using":[44],"depth":[45,97],"data":[46],"only.":[47],"Since":[48],"traditional":[50],"sliding-window-based":[51],"approaches":[52],"for":[53,109],"target":[54],"localization":[55],"are":[56],"time-consuming":[57],"recent":[60],"deep-learning-based":[61],"object":[62],"detectors":[63],"generate":[64],"too":[65],"many":[66],"region":[67,112],"proposals,":[68],"propose":[70,92],"to":[71,78,113,123,148],"utilize":[72,114],"candidate":[74,111,126],"head-top":[75,85],"locating":[76],"stage":[77],"efficiently":[79],"quickly":[81],"find":[82],"plausible":[84],"locations.":[86],"second":[89],"stage,":[90],"Depth":[94],"map,":[95],"Multiorder":[96],"template,":[98],"Height":[100],"difference":[101],"map":[102],"representation":[103],"encoding":[104],"three":[105],"channels":[106],"information":[108],"each":[110],"neural":[116],"network":[117],"pretrained":[118],"large-scale":[120],"well-annotated":[121],"datasets":[122],"classify":[124],"regions.":[127],"We":[128],"evaluate":[129],"our":[130],"method":[131,145],"four":[133],"publicly":[134],"available":[135],"datasets.":[137],"Extensive":[138],"experimental":[139],"results":[140],"demonstrate":[141],"that":[142],"proposed":[144],"superior":[147],"state-of-the-art":[150],"methods":[151],"while":[152],"achieving":[153],"real-time":[154],"performance.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}