{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2131320173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2013.2238523","title":"Bootstrapping Visual Categorization With Relevant Negatives","display_name":"Bootstrapping Visual Categorization With Relevant Negatives","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2131320173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2013.2238523","mag":"2131320173"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmm.2013.2238523","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2013.2238523","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137030581","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","issn_l":"1520-9210","issn":["1520-9210","1941-0077"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://dare.uva.nl/personal/pure/en/publications/bootstrapping-visual-categorization-with-relevant-negatives(6b5ccca2-8d64-4b4b-8fb0-2fbd432ecc4e).html","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060270456","display_name":"Xirong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0220-8310"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78988378","display_name":"Renmin University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/041pakw92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xirong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["MOE Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, School of Information, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MOE Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, School of Information, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024508073","display_name":"Cees G. M. Snoek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9092-1556"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55106644","display_name":"Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00y2z2s03","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55106644"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","display_name":"University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/04dkp9463","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. G. M. Snoek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Systems Laboratory Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Systems Laboratory Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55106644","https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070684680","display_name":"Marcel Worring","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4097-4136"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55106644","display_name":"Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00y2z2s03","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55106644"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","display_name":"University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/04dkp9463","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Worring","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Systems Laboratory Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Systems Laboratory Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55106644","https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030074849","display_name":"D.C. Koelma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2207-5682"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55106644","display_name":"Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00y2z2s03","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55106644"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","display_name":"University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/04dkp9463","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Koelma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Systems Laboratory Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Systems Laboratory Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55106644","https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052299650","display_name":"A.W.M. Smeulders","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341640284","display_name":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica","ror":"https://ror.org/00x7ekv49","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284","https://openalex.org/I2800991832","https://openalex.org/I4405262988"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55106644","display_name":"Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00y2z2s03","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55106644"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","display_name":"University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/04dkp9463","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. W. M. Smeulders","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centrum Wiskunde and Informatica, Amsterdam, Netherlands","Intelligent Systems Laboratory Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centrum Wiskunde and Informatica, Amsterdam, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Systems Laboratory Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55106644","https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.6031,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98748855,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"4","first_page":"933","last_page":"945"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8235480189323425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorization","display_name":"Categorization","score":0.7980124950408936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6867560744285583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bootstrapping","display_name":"Bootstrapping (finance)","score":0.6438101530075073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.585248589515686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5784660577774048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4408310055732727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/de-facto","display_name":"De facto","score":0.42361101508140564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.4181213974952698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12984949350357056}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8235480189323425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.7980124950408936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6867560744285583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207609745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4944086","display_name":"Bootstrapping (finance)","level":2,"score":0.6438101530075073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.585248589515686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5784660577774048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4408310055732727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992317946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q712144","display_name":"De facto","level":2,"score":0.42361101508140564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.4181213974952698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12984949350357056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmm.2013.2238523","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2013.2238523","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137030581","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","issn_l":"1520-9210","issn":["1520-9210","1941-0077"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dare.uva.nl:openaire_cris_publications/6b5ccca2-8d64-4b4b-8fb0-2fbd432ecc4e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dare.uva.nl/personal/pure/en/publications/bootstrapping-visual-categorization-with-relevant-negatives(6b5ccca2-8d64-4b4b-8fb0-2fbd432ecc4e).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400088","display_name":"UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","host_organization_name":"University of Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Li, X, Snoek, C G M, Worring, M, Koelma, D & Smeulders, A W M 2013, 'Bootstrapping Visual Categorization with Relevant Negatives', IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 933-945. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMM.2013.2238523","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dare.uva.nl:openaire/6b5ccca2-8d64-4b4b-8fb0-2fbd432ecc4e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://handle.uba.uva.nl/personal/pure/en/publications/bootstrapping-visual-categorization-with-relevant-negatives(6b5ccca2-8d64-4b4b-8fb0-2fbd432ecc4e).html","pdf_url":"https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/19495740/LiITM2013.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400088","display_name":"UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","host_organization_name":"University of Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Li, X, Snoek, C G M, Worring, M, Koelma, D & Smeulders, A W M 2013, 'Bootstrapping Visual Categorization with Relevant Negatives', IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 933-945. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMM.2013.2238523","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.303.7038","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.303.7038","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.science.uva.nl/research/publications/2013/LiITM2013/TMM2013_relevant_negatives.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.381.156","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.381.156","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://staff.science.uva.nl/~cgmsnoek/pub/li-negative-tmm.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dare.uva.nl:publications/6b5ccca2-8d64-4b4b-8fb0-2fbd432ecc4e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dare.uva.nl/personal/pure/en/publications/bootstrapping-visual-categorization-with-relevant-negatives(6b5ccca2-8d64-4b4b-8fb0-2fbd432ecc4e).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400088","display_name":"UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","host_organization_name":"University of Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Li, X, Snoek, C G M, Worring, M, Koelma, D & Smeulders, A W M 2013, 'Bootstrapping Visual Categorization with Relevant Negatives', IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 933-945. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMM.2013.2238523","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dare.uva.nl:openaire_cris_publications/6b5ccca2-8d64-4b4b-8fb0-2fbd432ecc4e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dare.uva.nl/personal/pure/en/publications/bootstrapping-visual-categorization-with-relevant-negatives(6b5ccca2-8d64-4b4b-8fb0-2fbd432ecc4e).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400088","display_name":"UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","host_organization_name":"University of Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Li, X, Snoek, C G M, Worring, M, Koelma, D & Smeulders, A W M 2013, 'Bootstrapping Visual Categorization with Relevant Negatives', IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 933-945. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMM.2013.2238523","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488833649","https://openalex.org/W1625255723","https://openalex.org/W1800271513","https://openalex.org/W1833138473","https://openalex.org/W1972508834","https://openalex.org/W1984907405","https://openalex.org/W1988790447","https://openalex.org/W2003621468","https://openalex.org/W2007972815","https://openalex.org/W2013930384","https://openalex.org/W2031489346","https://openalex.org/W2037227137","https://openalex.org/W2038721957","https://openalex.org/W2042178278","https://openalex.org/W2048045850","https://openalex.org/W2062903088","https://openalex.org/W2094753663","https://openalex.org/W2100781112","https://openalex.org/W2104167780","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2109305780","https://openalex.org/W2110764733","https://openalex.org/W2112020727","https://openalex.org/W2116220981","https://openalex.org/W2118087936","https://openalex.org/W2133114417","https://openalex.org/W2134380836","https://openalex.org/W2134510195","https://openalex.org/W2137117795","https://openalex.org/W2138079527","https://openalex.org/W2138516811","https://openalex.org/W2141282920","https://openalex.org/W2144080413","https://openalex.org/W2144245116","https://openalex.org/W2147483361","https://openalex.org/W2147668753","https://openalex.org/W2148809503","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2155806188","https://openalex.org/W2156909104","https://openalex.org/W2161258050","https://openalex.org/W2162762921","https://openalex.org/W2165897980","https://openalex.org/W2170426384","https://openalex.org/W2171859866","https://openalex.org/W2541822344","https://openalex.org/W2912934387","https://openalex.org/W4212883601","https://openalex.org/W4230674625","https://openalex.org/W4237065586","https://openalex.org/W4248762352","https://openalex.org/W4296262844","https://openalex.org/W6636494156","https://openalex.org/W6638215108","https://openalex.org/W6638873415","https://openalex.org/W6664464457","https://openalex.org/W6676297131"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1534274833","https://openalex.org/W2165912799","https://openalex.org/W3117246195","https://openalex.org/W2735662278","https://openalex.org/W2081850291","https://openalex.org/W2382615723","https://openalex.org/W156620619","https://openalex.org/W4311804456","https://openalex.org/W1987484445","https://openalex.org/W2914363205"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Learning":[0],"classifiers":[1],"for":[2,8,193],"many":[3,104],"visual":[4,81,196],"concepts":[5],"are":[6,22,43,49],"important":[7],"image":[9],"categorization":[10],"and":[11,32,83,144,179],"retrieval.":[12],"As":[13],"a":[14,80,84,100],"classifier":[15],"tends":[16],"to":[17,25,173],"misclassify":[18],"negative":[19,190],"examples":[20],"which":[21,47],"visually":[23],"similar":[24],"positive":[26,86],"ones,":[27],"inclusion":[28],"of":[29,103,110,127,135,142,152,184],"such":[30,120],"misclassified":[31],"thus":[33],"relevant":[34,51,93],"negatives":[35,52,56],"should":[36],"be":[37],"stressed":[38],"during":[39],"learning.":[40],"User-tagged":[41],"images":[42,48],"abundant":[44],"online,":[45],"but":[46],"the":[50,60,65,88,122,128,133,136,166,182],"remains":[53],"unclear.":[54],"Sampling":[55],"at":[57],"random":[58,73],"is":[59,125],"de":[61],"facto":[62],"standard":[63],"in":[64,150,159],"literature.":[66],"In":[67],"this":[68],"paper,":[69],"we":[70,97,116,138],"go":[71],"beyond":[72],"sampling":[74],"by":[75],"proposing":[76],"Negative":[77],"Bootstrap.":[78],"Given":[79],"concept":[82,157,197],"few":[85],"examples,":[87],"new":[89],"algorithm":[90],"iteratively":[91],"finds":[92],"negatives.":[94],"Per":[95],"iteration,":[96],"learn":[98],"from":[99,169],"small":[101],"proportion":[102],"user-tagged":[105],"images,":[106,162],"yielding":[107],"an":[108],"ensemble":[109,129],"meta":[111],"classifiers.":[112,198],"For":[113,156],"efficient":[114],"classification,":[115],"introduce":[117],"Model":[118],"Compression":[119],"that":[121],"classification":[123],"time":[124,168],"independent":[126],"size.":[130],"Compared":[131],"with":[132],"state":[134],"art,":[137],"obtain":[139],"relative":[140],"gains":[141],"14%":[143],"18%":[145],"on":[146],"two":[147],"present-day":[148],"benchmarks":[149],"terms":[151],"mean":[153],"average":[154],"precision.":[155],"search":[158,167],"one":[160],"million":[161],"model":[163],"compression":[164],"reduces":[165],"over":[170],"20":[171],"h":[172],"approximately":[174],"6":[175],"min.":[176],"The":[177],"effectiveness":[178],"efficiency,":[180],"without":[181],"need":[183],"manually":[185],"labeling":[186],"any":[187],"negatives,":[188],"make":[189],"bootstrap":[191],"appealing":[192],"learning":[194],"better":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}