{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409641123","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2025.3562614","title":"QMix: Quality-Aware Learning With Mixed Noise for Robust Retinal Disease Diagnosis","display_name":"QMix: Quality-Aware Learning With Mixed Noise for Robust Retinal Disease Diagnosis","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409641123","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2025.3562614","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40257888"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2025.3562614","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2025.3562614","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089445128","display_name":"Junlin Hou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Junlin Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019996173","display_name":"Jilan Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8208-2067"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jilan Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100680617","display_name":"Rui Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4747-0574"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100353596","display_name":"Hao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8400-3780"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Hong Kong, China","Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Division of Life Science, HKUST, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Division of Life Science, HKUST, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089445128"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.7319,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96688992,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"8","first_page":"3345","last_page":"3355"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6104888319969177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5071337223052979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-quality","display_name":"Image quality","score":0.48973655700683594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.46299678087234497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.45638540387153625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal","display_name":"Retinal","score":0.4509741961956024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.40536782145500183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.2481517791748047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ophthalmology","display_name":"Ophthalmology","score":0.2343212366104126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.1930583417415619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.11303603649139404}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6104888319969177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5071337223052979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55020928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813865","display_name":"Image quality","level":3,"score":0.48973655700683594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46299678087234497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.45638540387153625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780827179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001","display_name":"Retinal","level":2,"score":0.4509741961956024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.40536782145500183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2481517791748047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.2343212366104126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.1930583417415619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11303603649139404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012164","descriptor_name":"Retinal Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012164","descriptor_name":"Retinal Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012164","descriptor_name":"Retinal Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012164","descriptor_name":"Retinal Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2025.3562614","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2025.3562614","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40257888","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40257888","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on medical imaging","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-169105","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-169105","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3610329574","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MHP/002/22","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324196","funder_display_name":"Innovation and Technology Commission - Hong Kong"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5464079932","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62172101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7074549279","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PRP/034/22FX","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324196","funder_display_name":"Innovation and Technology Commission - Hong Kong"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324196","display_name":"Innovation and Technology Commission - Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/04vf9tr09"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966206262","https://openalex.org/W2038885294","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2566079294","https://openalex.org/W2806389172","https://openalex.org/W2887842788","https://openalex.org/W2889326414","https://openalex.org/W2912934043","https://openalex.org/W2948685905","https://openalex.org/W2962579127","https://openalex.org/W2964274690","https://openalex.org/W2964292098","https://openalex.org/W2967052791","https://openalex.org/W2980154109","https://openalex.org/W2996060033","https://openalex.org/W3036586801","https://openalex.org/W3042609801","https://openalex.org/W3093401039","https://openalex.org/W3112383662","https://openalex.org/W3171635822","https://openalex.org/W3175103763","https://openalex.org/W3175272368","https://openalex.org/W4206676556","https://openalex.org/W4280488276","https://openalex.org/W4287947470","https://openalex.org/W4312052624","https://openalex.org/W4312440249","https://openalex.org/W4312601326","https://openalex.org/W4313527355","https://openalex.org/W4387211161","https://openalex.org/W4387211705","https://openalex.org/W4387211868","https://openalex.org/W4391643750","https://openalex.org/W6738471490","https://openalex.org/W6740005241","https://openalex.org/W6743885473","https://openalex.org/W6745136726","https://openalex.org/W6747898760","https://openalex.org/W6750523955","https://openalex.org/W6753772092","https://openalex.org/W6758632346","https://openalex.org/W6762161020","https://openalex.org/W6762913911","https://openalex.org/W6771630921","https://openalex.org/W6781876439","https://openalex.org/W6861795009"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387265590","https://openalex.org/W1995904975","https://openalex.org/W3032712071","https://openalex.org/W4389019322","https://openalex.org/W2034516402","https://openalex.org/W3040090327","https://openalex.org/W2756647615","https://openalex.org/W83614871","https://openalex.org/W2979526170","https://openalex.org/W3165750835"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,115,152,167],"the":[2,19,143,154],"complex":[3],"nature":[4],"of":[5,23,47,156],"medical":[6,11,51],"image":[7,183],"acquisition":[8],"and":[9,21,99,126,162,185],"annotation,":[10],"datasets":[12,184],"inevitably":[13],"contain":[14],"noise.":[15,193],"This":[16],"adversely":[17],"affects":[18],"robustness":[20,190],"generalization":[22],"deep":[24],"neural":[25],"networks.":[26],"Previous":[27],"noise":[28,33,80,92],"learning":[29,81],"methods":[30],"mainly":[31],"considered":[32],"arising":[34],"from":[35,56,142,171],"images":[36,45,52,159],"being":[37],"mislabeled,":[38],"i.e.,":[39,61],"label":[40],"noise,":[41,63],"assuming":[42],"all":[43],"mislabeled":[44,123,128,157],"were":[46],"high":[48],"quality.":[49],"However,":[50],"can":[53],"also":[54],"suffer":[55],"severe":[57],"data":[58,62],"quality":[59],"issues,":[60],"where":[64],"discriminative":[65],"visual":[66],"features":[67],"for":[68],"disease":[69,87,139],"diagnosis":[70,88,140],"are":[71],"missing.":[72],"In":[73],"this":[74],"paper,":[75],"we":[76,147],"propose":[77,148],"QMix,":[78],"a":[79,85,111,137,149,163],"framework":[82],"that":[83],"learns":[84,136],"robust":[86,138],"model":[89,141],"under":[90],"mixed":[91,192],"scenarios.":[93],"QMix":[94,175],"alternates":[95],"between":[96],"sample":[97,107],"separation":[98,108],"quality-aware":[100],"semi-supervised":[101,132],"training":[102,133],"in":[103,189],"each":[104],"epoch.":[105],"The":[106,131],"phase":[109,134],"uses":[110],"joint":[112],"uncertainty-loss":[113],"criterion":[114],"effectively":[116],"separate":[117],"(1)":[118],"correctly":[119,172],"labeled":[120,173],"images,":[121,125],"(2)":[122],"high-quality":[124],"(3)":[127],"low-quality":[129,158],"images.":[130,174],"then":[135],"separated":[144],"samples.":[145],"Specifically,":[146],"sample-reweighing":[150],"loss":[151,166],"mitigate":[153],"effect":[155],"during":[160],"training,":[161],"contrastive":[164],"enhancement":[165],"further":[168],"distinguish":[169],"them":[170],"achieved":[176],"state-of-the-art":[177],"performance":[178],"on":[179],"six":[180],"public":[181],"retinal":[182],"exhibited":[186],"significant":[187],"improvements":[188],"against":[191],"Code":[194],"will":[195],"be":[196],"available":[197],"upon":[198],"acceptance.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-01T17:29:45.350535","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
