{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408236041","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2025.3548985","title":"On-the-Fly Improving Segment Anything for Medical Image Segmentation Using Auxiliary Online Learning","display_name":"On-the-Fly Improving Segment Anything for Medical Image Segmentation Using Auxiliary Online Learning","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408236041","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2025.3548985","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40053628"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2025.3548985","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2025.3548985","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101942667","display_name":"Tianyu Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0361-1205"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tianyu Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101817616","display_name":"Tao Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3733-7286"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076097168","display_name":"Weidi Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3804-2639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099312","display_name":"Shandong Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01848hk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099312"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weidi Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cooperative Medianet Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cooperative Medianet Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099312","https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100680262","display_name":"Shuo Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2947-8783"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129708740","display_name":"Fujian Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/050s6ns64","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129708740"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133868755","display_name":"Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zntxs11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133868755","https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuo Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Medical Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","Digital Medical Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Medical Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133868755"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Medical Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129708740","https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090516040","display_name":"Qi Dou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3416-9950"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qi Dou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022961839","display_name":"Yizhe Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8676-9763"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yizhe Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101942667"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.05694069,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"10","first_page":"3938","last_page":"3949"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.7121000289916992,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.7121000289916992,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.6880000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.680400013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.748375654220581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6331179141998291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6307935118675232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5945829749107361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5748822093009949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/on-the-fly","display_name":"On the fly","score":0.5561667680740356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-imaging","display_name":"Medical imaging","score":0.5224282145500183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-space-segmentation","display_name":"Scale-space segmentation","score":0.5020942687988281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.48855361342430115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.748375654220581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6331179141998291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6307935118675232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5945829749107361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5748822093009949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781020372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q533093","display_name":"On the fly","level":2,"score":0.5561667680740356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.5224282145500183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65885262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7429708","display_name":"Scale-space segmentation","level":4,"score":0.5020942687988281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.48855361342430115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003952","descriptor_name":"Diagnostic Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003952","descriptor_name":"Diagnostic Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2025.3548985","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2025.3548985","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40053628","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40053628","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on medical imaging","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1377370638","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20220949","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G536858926","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"23410710400","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329890","funder_display_name":"International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of Shanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6730422179","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62201263","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8249999852","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62172228","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329890","display_name":"International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of Shanxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W2005650084","https://openalex.org/W2008359794","https://openalex.org/W2021088830","https://openalex.org/W2034269173","https://openalex.org/W2285968993","https://openalex.org/W2288892845","https://openalex.org/W2576683119","https://openalex.org/W2919070891","https://openalex.org/W2991372685","https://openalex.org/W2997286550","https://openalex.org/W3159243351","https://openalex.org/W4211031152","https://openalex.org/W4299652825","https://openalex.org/W4389430914","https://openalex.org/W4390874575","https://openalex.org/W4391109864","https://openalex.org/W4401819803","https://openalex.org/W4408634392"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1986655823","https://openalex.org/W2185902295","https://openalex.org/W2103507220","https://openalex.org/W3144569342","https://openalex.org/W3011384228","https://openalex.org/W2124969951","https://openalex.org/W2945274617","https://openalex.org/W4313052709","https://openalex.org/W4298131179","https://openalex.org/W2375430703"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,185],"current":[1],"variants":[2],"of":[3,43,78,101,106,117,159],"the":[4,11,19,76,99,103,113,157,160],"Segment":[5,84],"Anything":[6,85],"Model":[7],"(SAM),":[8],"which":[9,138],"include":[10],"original":[12],"SAM":[13,48],"and":[14,115,142,166,171],"Medical":[15],"SAM,":[16,127],"still":[17],"lack":[18],"capability":[20],"to":[21,40,82,94],"produce":[22],"sufficiently":[23],"accurate":[24],"segmentation":[25,51,104,144,179],"for":[26,37,174],"medical":[27,30,109,153,182],"images.":[28,110],"In":[29],"imaging":[31,154],"contexts,":[32],"it":[33],"is":[34,187],"not":[35],"uncommon":[36],"human":[38],"experts":[39],"rectify":[41],"segmentations":[42],"specific":[44],"test":[45,88],"samples":[46],"after":[47],"generates":[49],"its":[50],"predictions.":[52],"These":[53],"rectifications":[54],"typically":[55],"entail":[56],"manual":[57],"or":[58],"semi-manual":[59],"corrections":[60],"employing":[61],"state-of-the-art":[62],"annotation":[63],"tools.":[64],"Motivated":[65],"by":[66],"this":[67],"process,":[68],"we":[69,128],"introduce":[70],"a":[71,130,168],"novel":[72],"approach":[73,173],"that":[74],"leverages":[75],"advantages":[77],"online":[79,96,118],"machine":[80],"learning":[81,119],"enhance":[83],"(SA)":[86],"during":[87],"time.":[89],"We":[90],"employ":[91],"rectified":[92],"annotations":[93],"perform":[95],"learning,":[97],"with":[98,122],"aim":[100],"improving":[102],"quality":[105],"SA":[107,176],"on":[108,148,177],"To":[111],"ensure":[112],"effectiveness":[114,158],"efficiency":[116],"when":[120],"integrated":[121],"large-scale":[123],"vision":[124],"models":[125],"like":[126],"propose":[129],"new":[131],"method":[132],"called":[133],"Auxiliary":[134],"Online":[135],"Learning":[136],"(AuxOL),":[137],"entails":[139],"adaptive":[140,143],"online-batch":[141],"fusion.":[145],"Experiments":[146],"conducted":[147],"eight":[149],"datasets":[150],"covering":[151],"four":[152],"modalities":[155],"validate":[156],"proposed":[161],"method.":[162],"Our":[163],"work":[164],"proposes":[165],"validates":[167],"new,":[169],"practical,":[170],"effective":[172],"enhancing":[175],"downstream":[178],"tasks":[180],"(e.g.,":[181],"image":[183],"segmentation).":[184],"code":[186],"publicly":[188],"available":[189],"at":[190],"https://sam-auxol.github.io/AuxOL/.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}